【摘要】：微小型結(jié)構(gòu)件及系統(tǒng)的裝配是微小型機(jī)械制造技術(shù)研究領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)，其技術(shù)水平直接影響到武器系統(tǒng)微小型化的研究進(jìn)展。本文在課題組提出來(lái)的同軸對(duì)位微裝配技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，以激光約束核聚變（Inertial Confinement Fusion，ICF）關(guān)鍵微小型結(jié)構(gòu)件作為研究對(duì)象，開(kāi)展快換式柔性?shī)A持技術(shù)研究；同時(shí)為了保證無(wú)損裝配的順利進(jìn)行，開(kāi)展接觸裝配力與偏差對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系的分析和計(jì)算，為高精度對(duì)位裝配提供技術(shù)支撐。 論文的主要研究工作如下： 1.首先，以ICF需求為背景，分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外微裝配技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀，并詳細(xì)闡述了面向中間尺度的微夾持器系統(tǒng)；其次，確定了面向ICF關(guān)鍵零部件的微裝配系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)和柔性?shī)A持系統(tǒng)；最后，介紹了柔性?shī)A持技術(shù)的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容。 2.研究并設(shè)計(jì)了面向ICF關(guān)鍵零部件的快換式柔性?shī)A持系統(tǒng)�；谘b配對(duì)象的特點(diǎn)、裝配精度指標(biāo)以及裝配工藝指標(biāo)要求，制定了微靶裝配工藝；同時(shí)，為減少零件多次裝夾造成的累積誤差對(duì)裝配精度造成的不利影響，設(shè)計(jì)了彈簧夾頭快換式夾持器；最后，將裝配對(duì)象分為超薄壁深筒類、超薄壁平板類等9類零件，分別設(shè)計(jì)了面向這些零件的柔性?shī)A持器，并驗(yàn)證了夾持器的實(shí)用性和有效性。 3.研究了兩種典型夾持器的夾持性能。以面向超薄壁深筒類零件的氣囊式柔性?shī)A持器和面向超薄壁微球的精密微夾持器為例，分別采用有限元仿真分析了兩種典型的夾持器夾持性能，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該柔性?shī)A持器的性能。 4.開(kāi)展了同軸對(duì)位微裝配力的虛擬檢測(cè)技術(shù)研究，并建立了接觸狀態(tài)和裝配力的關(guān)系。根據(jù)裝配過(guò)程中目標(biāo)件和基體件的接觸狀態(tài)和受力情況，建立了軸孔裝配的數(shù)學(xué)模型，并通過(guò)MATLAB仿真計(jì)算，，最終獲得裝配力隨裝配深度的變化趨勢(shì)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，以微靶關(guān)鍵零部件為例，開(kāi)展了微靶關(guān)鍵零部件在裝配過(guò)程中允許的最大裝配偏差有限元仿真分析，獲得了其最大裝配偏差，為零件的無(wú)損裝配提供理論指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)支撐。 5.開(kāi)展了基于同軸對(duì)位的軸孔偏差裝配力實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。首先，建立了接觸裝配力和裝配偏差的數(shù)學(xué)模型，驗(yàn)證了理論和仿真結(jié)論的正確性和可行性�；谕S對(duì)位原理，搭建了微靶關(guān)鍵零部件裝配實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，通過(guò)施加不同的軸線側(cè)向偏差和角偏差，建立了裝配接觸力和角偏差及橫向位移偏差的模型，得到了裝配力的閾值，驗(yàn)證了理論和仿真預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)論的正確性和可行性。同時(shí)分析了在不破壞零件的前提下，能夠允許的軸線側(cè)向偏差和角偏差，能夠用于指導(dǎo)微靶裝配，為精密微器件裝配提供了理論指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)支撐。
[Abstract]:The assembly of micro structural parts and systems is a hot topic in the field of micro mechanical manufacturing technology, and its technical level directly affects the research progress of micro miniaturization of weapon systems. Based on the coaxial microassembly technology proposed by the research group, the key micro structure of laser-constrained fusion (Inertial Confinement fusion is used as the research object, and the fast change flexible clamping technology is studied. At the same time, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the nondestructive assembly, the analysis and calculation of the relationship between the contact assembly force and the deviation are carried out, which provides the technical support for the high precision alignment assembly. The main research work is as follows: 1. Firstly, based on the requirement of ICF, the research status of microassembly technology at home and abroad is analyzed, and the mesoscale microgripper system is described in detail. The test platform and flexible clamping system for ICF key parts are determined. Finally, the main research contents of flexible clamping technology are introduced. 2. A fast change flexible clamping system for key parts of ICF is studied and designed. Based on the characteristics of assembly object, assembly precision index and assembly process index, the assembly process of micro-target is established, and the adverse effect of accumulated error caused by multiple clamping on assembly accuracy is also reduced. Finally, the assembly object is divided into 9 kinds of parts, such as ultra-thin wall deep cylinder, ultra-thin wall plate and so on, and the flexible gripper for these parts is designed respectively. The practicability and effectiveness of the gripper are verified. The clamping performance of two typical grippers is studied. Taking the airbag flexible gripper for ultra-thin wall deep cylinder parts and the precision microgripper for ultra-thin wall microsphere as examples, two typical gripping performances are analyzed by finite element simulation. The performance of the flexible gripper is verified by experiments. 4. 4. The virtual detection technology of coaxial microassembly force is studied, and the relationship between contact state and assembly force is established. According to the contact state and force of the target part and the base part in the assembly process, the mathematical model of the assembly of the shaft hole is established, and the changing trend of the assembly force with the assembly depth is obtained by MATLAB simulation. On this basis, taking the key parts of microtarget as an example, the finite element simulation analysis of the allowable maximum assembly deviation of the key parts in the assembly process is carried out, and the maximum assembly deviation is obtained. Provide theoretical guidance and technical support for non-destructive assembly of parts. 5. The experimental study of the axial hole deviation assembly force based on coaxial alignment is carried out. Firstly, the mathematical model of contact assembly force and assembly deviation is established, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical and simulation conclusions. Based on the principle of coaxial alignment, the experimental platform of assembly of key parts of micro-target is built. The model of assembly contact force, angular deviation and transverse displacement deviation is established by applying different axial line lateral deviation and angular deviation, and the threshold value of assembly force is obtained. The correctness and feasibility of the theoretical and simulation prediction results are verified. At the same time, the allowable axial lateral deviation and angle deviation without destroying the parts are analyzed, which can be used to guide the assembly of micro-target and provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the assembly of precision micro-devices.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG95

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