本文選題：焊縫表面檢測(cè) + 交流電磁場(chǎng)檢測(cè)　； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文以焊縫表面裂紋缺陷為研究對(duì)象,圍繞焊縫表面裂紋交流電磁場(chǎng)檢測(cè)(ACFM)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)展開研究,針對(duì)焊縫結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和性質(zhì),對(duì)比分析常用焊縫檢測(cè)技術(shù)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),借助ANSYS建立仿真模型,仿真分析平板對(duì)接焊縫、管道焊縫、T型管節(jié)點(diǎn)等焊縫表面裂紋缺陷。重點(diǎn)基于GMR傳感器優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)探頭,搭建系統(tǒng)硬件平臺(tái)和軟件平臺(tái),設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)基于GMR傳感器的集焊縫檢測(cè)-信號(hào)處理-智能識(shí)別判定為一體的焊縫表面裂紋缺陷ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)試件檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)測(cè)試,表明GMR傳感器焊縫表面裂紋缺陷ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)具有較高的線性度和靈敏度。論文主要從以下三個(gè)方面展開研究:(1)焊縫表面裂紋缺陷ACFM檢測(cè)理論研究與數(shù)值仿真分類匯總常見焊縫表面裂紋缺陷,總結(jié)不同結(jié)構(gòu)焊縫表面裂紋特點(diǎn),借助ANSYS仿真軟件,建立不同形狀、不同尺寸、不同特點(diǎn)的焊縫表面裂紋缺陷ACFM檢測(cè)模型,設(shè)置理想邊界條件,加載正弦激勵(lì)交流電,分析和提取焊縫表面裂紋區(qū)域磁場(chǎng)畸變特征,為焊縫表面裂紋檢測(cè)探頭設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ)。(2)焊縫表面裂紋檢測(cè)探頭優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與系統(tǒng)搭建設(shè)計(jì)并制作適合于焊縫表面裂紋檢測(cè)的小型線圈傳感器ACFM探頭,結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),適用于焊縫表面裂紋檢測(cè),具有良好可靠度和準(zhǔn)確性。設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)基于GMR傳感器ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì)GMR傳感器電路,將磁場(chǎng)信號(hào)采集與放大濾波集成于探頭內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)整體封裝,提高探頭精度;引入大容量鋰電池,設(shè)計(jì)穩(wěn)壓電路,增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)靈活性和適用性;建立缺陷庫(kù),改善缺陷智能識(shí)別軟件,完成集焊縫檢測(cè)-信號(hào)處理-智能識(shí)別判定為一體的GMR傳感器ACFM焊縫表面裂紋缺陷檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。(3)焊縫表面裂紋ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試采用包括平板焊縫、管道對(duì)接焊縫以及管節(jié)點(diǎn)焊縫等多種焊縫試件,對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)焊縫表面裂紋ACFM檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的功能性、提離高度以及檢測(cè)穩(wěn)定性等關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:本系統(tǒng)能夠較好探測(cè)焊縫表面缺陷的存在,提取和繪制的缺陷特征信號(hào)曲線規(guī)律正確,提離缺陷識(shí)別準(zhǔn)確性;對(duì)比分析線圈傳感器和GMR傳感器檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明,線圈傳感器測(cè)量范圍大,抗干擾性相對(duì)較強(qiáng);GMR傳感器線性度較好,信號(hào)特征值穩(wěn)定性高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the weld surface crack defects are studied, and the development of AC electromagnetic field (ACFM) system for weld surface crack detection (ACFM) is studied. The advantages and disadvantages of common weld detection techniques are compared and analyzed according to the characteristics and properties of weld structure. A simulation model was established with ANSYS to simulate and analyze the surface crack defects of flat butt weld and T-shaped pipe joint. Based on the optimum design of the probe of GMR sensor, the hardware platform and software platform of the system are built, and the ACFM detection system of weld surface crack defect based on GMR sensor is designed and developed, which integrates welding seam detection, signal processing and intelligent identification. The test results show that the ACFM detection system for weld surface crack defects of GMR sensor has high linearity and sensitivity. This paper mainly studies the following three aspects: (1) theoretical research and numerical simulation of weld surface crack defects ACFM detection theory and numerical simulation to summarize the common weld surface crack defects, summed up the characteristics of weld surface cracks in different structures, with the help of ANSYS simulation software. An ACFM detection model of weld surface crack defects with different shapes, sizes and characteristics is established, and ideal boundary conditions are set up, and sinusoidal excitation AC current is loaded to analyze and extract the magnetic field distortion characteristics of weld surface crack area. It lays a foundation for the design of weld surface crack detection probe. (2) the optimum design of weld surface crack detection probe and the design of the system and the fabrication of the small coil sensor ACFM probe suitable for weld surface crack detection, combined with the laboratory ACFM detection system. It is suitable for weld surface crack detection and has good reliability and accuracy. Based on the GMR sensor ACFM detection system, the GMR sensor circuit is designed. The magnetic field signal acquisition and amplifying filter are integrated into the probe to realize the whole package, to improve the accuracy of the probe, to introduce the large capacity lithium battery, and to design the voltage stabilizing circuit. Enhance the flexibility and applicability of the system, build the defect library, improve the defect intelligent recognition software, The GMR sensor ACFM weld surface crack detection system is completed. (3) the weld surface crack ACFM detection system is tested with plate weld seam. The functions, lift height and stability of the ACFM testing system for weld surface cracks are tested by experiments on pipe butt weld, pipe joint weld and other welds, and the key indexes such as the function of ACFM detection system, the lift height and the detection stability of the weld surface crack are tested. The experimental results show that the system can detect the defects on the weld surface better, the characteristic signal curves of the extracted and drawn defects are correct, and the identification accuracy of the lifting defects is correct, and the detection results of coil sensors and GMR sensors show that, The measurement range of the coil sensor is large, the anti-interference is relatively strong, the linearity of the GMR sensor is better and the stability of the signal eigenvalue is high.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG441.7

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