本文選題：微小型機床 + UMAC　； 參考：《長春理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：微小型產(chǎn)品在生物工程、現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療、微電子工業(yè)、航空航天等高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的需求日益迫切。組成微小型產(chǎn)品的的零件特征尺寸處于中間尺度(0.01~10mm),其結(jié)構(gòu)形狀復雜、材料多樣、尺寸與表面質(zhì)量精度高,利用基于半導體制造工藝集成激光刻蝕技術(shù)、LIGA技術(shù)的特種加工方法對其進行加工無法滿足復雜結(jié)構(gòu)形狀以及多種材料的加工,而采用常規(guī)尺寸精密、超精密機床進行加工存在成本高、工件材料利用率低、柔性不足、加工效率低等問題。機床的微小型化成為解決上述問題與不足的行之有效主要方法之一。本文針對復雜三維微小零件的加工,首先制定了所要構(gòu)建機床的設(shè)計要求以及總體構(gòu)建方案。在此基礎(chǔ)上,完成了機床各部件的選型和機床實體結(jié)構(gòu)的搭建。對機床床身實體結(jié)構(gòu)進行了實驗?zāi)B(tài)分析得到了其動態(tài)特性,為后續(xù)力學特性的分析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。利用多普勒激光測振儀在極端加工條件下對機床的實體結(jié)構(gòu)進行了振動測試,驗證了所構(gòu)建機床實體結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性。在完成機床實體結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建的基礎(chǔ)上,為實現(xiàn)機床的加工功能,基于UMAC運動控制器完成機床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建。然后,為進一步優(yōu)化數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的運動控制性能,對各進給軸運動控制系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)特性進行分析,并對閉環(huán)PID控制參數(shù)進行了調(diào)整,達到了較為理想的運動控制效果。最后,為便于機床加工操作,基于UMAC的二次開發(fā)功能,利用Visual C#軟件開發(fā)平臺開發(fā)了模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)軟件,并進行了運行測試,驗證了其工作性能。為實現(xiàn)復雜三維微小零件數(shù)控加工程序的自動編制以及提高機床的加工精度,首先對所構(gòu)建的機床進行了運動學分析,得出刀位點坐標由工件坐標系到機床坐標系的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系,為數(shù)控加工程序的后置處理提供理論基礎(chǔ)。同時,分析了機床運動誤差對加工精度的影響,并對機床各進給軸定位誤差進行了測量和補償,大幅度提升了機床運動定位精度。使用MATLAB M文件編寫了數(shù)控加工程序后置處理模塊,通過與NX UG8.5的聯(lián)合使用實現(xiàn)了復雜三維零件的自動數(shù)控編程。為驗證數(shù)控加工程序的正確性,保證機床在加工過程中的安全,在VERICUT中構(gòu)建了機床的加工仿真模型。最后通過典型樣件的加工測試,驗證了所研制機床的加工性能。
[Abstract]:The demand of micro-products in biotechnology, modern medical treatment, micro-electronics industry, aerospace and other high-tech fields is increasingly urgent. The characteristic dimensions of the parts that make up the micro products are in the mesoscale scale of 0.01m / 10mm / m, with complex structure, various materials and high precision in size and surface quality. The special machining method based on semiconductor manufacturing technology integrated laser etching technology and Liga technology can not meet the complex structure shape and many kinds of materials processing, but adopts the conventional size precision. Ultra-precision machine tools have some problems such as high cost, low utilization ratio of workpiece materials, low flexibility and low machining efficiency. The miniaturization of machine tools is one of the most effective methods to solve the above problems. In this paper, the design requirements and the overall construction scheme of the machine tool to be constructed are first formulated for the machining of complex three-dimensional micro-parts. On this basis, the selection of machine parts and the structure of machine tools are completed. The dynamic characteristics of the machine bed solid structure are obtained by the experimental modal analysis, which lays a foundation for the subsequent analysis of the mechanical properties. The vibration test of the solid structure of the machine tool is carried out under extreme machining conditions by using the Doppler laser vibration measuring instrument, and the stability of the solid structure of the machine tool is verified. In order to realize the machining function of the machine tool, the NC system is constructed based on the UMAC motion controller on the basis of the construction of the machine tool entity structure. Then, in order to further optimize the motion control performance of the NC system, the response characteristics of each feed shaft motion control system are analyzed, and the closed-loop pid control parameters are adjusted to achieve a more ideal motion control effect. Finally, in order to facilitate the machining operation of machine tools, based on the secondary development function of UMAC, the modular CNC system software is developed by using Visual C # software development platform, and the running test is carried out to verify its working performance. In order to realize the automatic programming of NC machining program for complex 3D micro parts and to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, the kinematics analysis of the machine tool is carried out, and the transformation relationship of the tool position coordinate from the workpiece coordinate system to the machine tool coordinate system is obtained. It provides a theoretical basis for post-processing of NC machining program. At the same time, the influence of machine tool motion error on machining accuracy is analyzed, and the positioning error of each feed axis of machine tool is measured and compensated, which greatly improves the machine tool motion positioning accuracy. The post-processing module of NC machining program is programmed with MATLAB M file, and the automatic NC programming of complex 3D parts is realized by the use of NX UG8.5. In order to verify the correctness of the NC machining program and ensure the safety of the machine tool in the process of machining, the machining simulation model of the machine tool is constructed in Vericut. Finally, the machining performance of the developed machine tool is verified by the processing test of typical sample parts.
【學位授予單位】：長春理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG659

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 張霖;趙東標;張建明;孫學峗;龐長濤;;微細切削用小型數(shù)控銑床的研制[J];東南大學學報(自然科學版);2007年01期

2 曹自洋;何寧;李亮;黃亮;包杰;;微細銑削機床系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建及微小型零件加工實驗研究[J];工具技術(shù);2009年03期

3 左煜;張建明;劉勇;徐昌語;;基于UMAC的直線電機精密伺服控制性能研究[J];航空精密制造技術(shù);2011年06期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 張翔;小型五軸聯(lián)動機床介觀尺寸銑削加工及其相關(guān)模型的研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2011年

2 張霖;數(shù)控微細銑削機床系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建及性能研究[D];南京航空航天大學;2007年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 謝曉亮;基于UG的五軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機床的后置處理系統(tǒng)研究[D];華中科技大學;2009年

，

本文編號：2036064