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  本文選題：高速銑削 + 銑削穩(wěn)定性　； 參考：《天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速切削由于其加工效率高，切削力小，表面質(zhì)量高等優(yōu)點，已廣泛應(yīng)用于航空，汽車以及模具制造等領(lǐng)域。然而在生產(chǎn)過程中，顫振是造成工件表面質(zhì)量下降，刀具的磨損，甚至機床的損壞的一個主要問題。為了避免顫振，對切削過程的穩(wěn)定性進行準確預測具有一定的工程意義，這就需要對機床切削系統(tǒng)的動力學特性進行分析。刀尖點頻響函數(shù)，反應(yīng)了機床切削系統(tǒng)在刀具端點的動態(tài)特性，被用于繪制穩(wěn)定性葉瓣圖，因此它的求取對于機床切削穩(wěn)定性的預測非常重要。本文以對高速銑削系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性進行預測為目的，深入分析了切削系統(tǒng)的動力學特性和銑削穩(wěn)定性的求解方法，研究了電主軸的動力學特性，主要工作如下： 基于傳遞矩陣法，在原有的主軸動力學模型的基礎(chǔ)上考慮了軸承的阻尼效應(yīng)，用數(shù)學方法建立了電主軸典型單元狀態(tài)矢量的傳遞矩陣；利用MATLAB軟件編制了相關(guān)的計算程序用以分析主軸的固有頻率，，主振型，以及響應(yīng)等動態(tài)特性參數(shù)。 運用響應(yīng)耦合法(Receptance Coupling Substructure Analysis, RCSA)，在Euler-Bernoulli梁理論的基礎(chǔ)上，對機床刀尖點頻響函數(shù)進行預測。模型將機床分為了三個子結(jié)構(gòu)；利用Euler-Bernoulli梁模型響應(yīng)求解子結(jié)構(gòu)的響應(yīng)公式；在子結(jié)間建立由線性彈簧、旋轉(zhuǎn)彈簧、線性阻尼和旋轉(zhuǎn)阻尼組成的連接模型，并求解了連接模型中的參數(shù)；基于RCSA方法，通過已求取的連接模型，耦合各子結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵點的傳遞函數(shù)，獲得新的機床切削系統(tǒng)刀尖點的頻響函數(shù)。 基于再生型顫振理論，構(gòu)建銑削動力學模型，利用解析法獲得了穩(wěn)定性葉瓣圖�？紤]到銑削力系數(shù)隨主軸轉(zhuǎn)速的變化而改變，提出一個改進的銑削動力學模型。基于全離散時域求解方法，研究了在不同主軸轉(zhuǎn)速時，不同徑向浸入比的情況下，軸速相關(guān)銑削力系數(shù)對銑削穩(wěn)定性的影響。結(jié)果說明在高速銑削過程中，低徑向浸入比時考慮軸速相關(guān)銑削力系數(shù)對銑削穩(wěn)定性的求解是非常重要的。
[Abstract]:High speed cutting (HSM) has been widely used in aviation, automobile and die manufacturing due to its high efficiency, low cutting force and high surface quality. However, flutter is one of the main problems that cause the surface quality of workpiece, tool wear and even machine tool damage. In order to avoid chatter and predict the stability of cutting process accurately, it is necessary to analyze the dynamic characteristics of machine tool cutting system. The frequency response function of the cutting point reflects the dynamic characteristics of the cutting system at the end of the tool and is used to draw the stable blade diagram, so its calculation is very important for the prediction of the cutting stability of the machine tool. In order to predict the stability of high-speed milling system, the dynamic characteristics of cutting system and the solution of milling stability are deeply analyzed in this paper. The dynamic characteristics of motorized spindle are studied. The main work is as follows: Based on the transfer matrix method, the damping effect of the bearing is considered on the basis of the original spindle dynamic model, and the transfer matrix of the state vector of the typical unit of the motorized spindle is established by mathematical method. Using the MATLAB software, the related calculation program is developed to analyze the dynamic characteristic parameters such as the natural frequency, the main mode and the response of the spindle. Based on the theory of Euler-Bernoulli beam, the response coupling method is used to predict the frequency response function of tool tip. The model divides the machine tool into three substructures: the Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used to solve the response formula of the substructure, and the connection model consisting of linear spring, rotary spring, linear damping and rotational damping is established between the sub-junctions. The parameters in the connection model are solved and the frequency response function of the cutter tip of the new machine tool cutting system is obtained by coupling the transfer function of the key points of each substructure through the obtained connection model based on the RCSA method. Based on the theory of regenerative flutter, the milling dynamics model is constructed, and the stable leaflet diagram is obtained by analytic method. Considering the change of milling force coefficient with the change of spindle speed, an improved milling dynamic model is proposed. Based on the full discrete time domain solution, the effect of axial velocity dependent milling force coefficient on milling stability is studied under different spindle speeds and different radial immersion ratios. The results show that in the process of high speed milling, it is very important to consider the axial velocity correlation milling force coefficient for the solution of milling stability when the radial immersion ratio is low.
【學位授予單位】：天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG54

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