本文選題：試驗機夾具 + 楔形夾緊　； 參考：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在試驗機夾具技術領域當中，手動、氣動、液壓驅(qū)動夾緊的發(fā)展日益成熟，而電力驅(qū)動的夾緊裝置到目前為止還是一個嶄新的領域。作為一種新的夾緊方式，它具有動力提供方便、便于自動控制、無污染、噪聲小等獨有的優(yōu)點，這是各類科學技術產(chǎn)品最需要的特性。因此，適應發(fā)展需要的電力驅(qū)動將是試驗機夾具行業(yè)一個必然的發(fā)展趨勢。 本文從試驗機上最常見的楔形拉伸夾具入手，分析了夾具結構及夾緊力施加特點，探索電力驅(qū)動的可行性，提出了電力夾持的理論方法，研發(fā)出一套可以實用的電動夾緊裝置，并通過實驗加以驗證。 首先，建立楔形夾緊裝置的力學模型，分析夾緊時夾塊的受力情況，討論斜楔角度對夾緊的影響，選擇15°這一具有代表性的楔形角為研究角度。提出了一種計算初始夾緊推力的方法。 其次，研究夾具的夾持特性，發(fā)現(xiàn)在整個夾持過程中，大部分時間所需夾緊力矩不大，只有很小的一段時間需要很大力矩來完成夾緊。在這段時間中，夾塊位移基本為零。聯(lián)系電動機的運行特點，考慮利用其堵轉(zhuǎn)特性，即電機在堵轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)下可以提供額定值幾倍的轉(zhuǎn)矩。如此，利用很小的電機就可以為夾緊裝置提供很大的驅(qū)動力，節(jié)省成本。采用力矩電機，在堵轉(zhuǎn)時電機仍能正常工作，不會燒壞。 再次，建立電動夾具的結構系統(tǒng)，設計出兩套電動夾緊結構方案。選擇其中大載荷的夾緊裝置進行詳細設計。采用鏈傳動傳遞電機輸出扭矩，利用絲杠螺母機構完成電機軸回轉(zhuǎn)運動向直線運動的轉(zhuǎn)換，利用偏心機構保證螺母不產(chǎn)生旋轉(zhuǎn)，帶動夾塊作直線運動。計算每個零部件尺寸，校核分析、確認可用后投入生產(chǎn)加工，完成試驗產(chǎn)品的制造安裝。設計電動機傳統(tǒng)控制電路及電子半導體控制電路，確保電動機能夠正常運行。 最后，在試驗機上使用所設計制造的電動夾具進行金屬拉伸試驗，整套設備能夠完成最大設計載荷的夾緊試驗，試驗結束試樣能順利退出夾具，且試樣表面壓痕平整，無拖動痕跡，說明夾緊過程中不存在打滑、剝皮現(xiàn)象。試驗成功，證明設計的電動夾具合乎標準，所提出的電動夾緊理論可行。 本課題創(chuàng)新性地提出了一種新的試驗機夾具驅(qū)動方式，并通過實際生產(chǎn)制造，，證明了電力驅(qū)動的可行性、可靠性，為試驗機夾具驅(qū)動提供了新的思路、做出了新的探索。
[Abstract]:In the field of fixture technology, manual, pneumatic and hydraulic clamps are becoming more and more mature, and the electric clamping device is still a new field up to now. As a new clamping method, it has the advantages of convenient power supply, easy automatic control, no pollution, low noise and so on, which is the most needed characteristic of all kinds of scientific and technological products. Therefore, the electric drive which adapts to the development needs will be an inevitable development trend of the testing machine fixture industry. This paper begins with the most common wedge drawing fixture on the testing machine, analyzes the structure of the fixture and the characteristics of the clamping force, explores the feasibility of the electric drive, puts forward the theoretical method of the electric clamping, and develops a set of practical electric clamping device. It is verified by experiment. Firstly, the mechanical model of the wedge clamping device is established, and the stress of the clamping block is analyzed, and the influence of the angle of the oblique wedge on the clamping is discussed. The representative wedge angle of 15 擄is chosen as the research angle. A method for calculating the initial clamping thrust is presented. Secondly, the clamping characteristics of the clamping fixture are studied. It is found that the clamping torque required for most of the time is not large, and only a very large moment is needed for a very small period of time to complete the clamping in the whole clamping process. During this period, the block displacement is basically zero. Considering the running characteristics of the motor, it is considered that the motor can provide torque with a rating of several times under the condition of clogging. In this way, the use of a very small motor can provide a great driving force for the clamping device, saving cost. Using torque motor, the motor can still work normally and won't burn out. Thirdly, the structure system of electric fixture is established, and two sets of electric clamping structure are designed. The clamping device with large load is selected for detailed design. The output torque of motor is transmitted by chain drive, the rotating motion of motor shaft is transformed to linear motion by using the screw nut mechanism, and the eccentric mechanism is used to ensure that the nut does not produce rotation and drive the clamp into linear motion. Calculate the dimensions of each component, check and analyze, confirm the availability and put into production and processing, complete the manufacturing and installation of the test products. The traditional control circuit and electronic semiconductor control circuit are designed to ensure the normal operation of the motor. Finally, the metal tensile test is carried out by using the electric fixture designed and manufactured on the testing machine. The whole set of equipment can complete the clamping test of the maximum design load, and the specimen can be successfully withdrawn from the fixture at the end of the test, and the surface indentation of the sample is flat. No drag trace, indicating that the clamping process there is no slip, peeling phenomenon. The experimental results show that the designed electric clamp conforms to the standard and the theory of electric clamping is feasible. In this paper, a new jig driving mode of testing machine is put forward innovatively, and the feasibility and reliability of electric drive are proved through actual manufacture, which provides a new way of thinking and new exploration for jig driving of testing machine.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG75

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 郝政剛,徐超;試驗機拉伸夾具設計與探索[J];安徽建筑;2002年02期

2 李曉鋒,虞瑛英,閆寧;面向21世紀的半導體光電子器件[J];半導體光電;1999年05期

3 宋吉江,牛軼霞;電動機容量選擇的基本原則和方法[J];電機技術;2001年04期

4 陳德傳;盧玲;;交流力矩電動機式織物卷繞控制方法[J];紡織學報;2011年06期

5 陳子痛;電樞形狀對直流力矩電機的轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速的影響[J];電工技術雜志;1985年11期

6 王乃臣,謝國平;液壓式萬能材料試驗機夾頭的研究與應用[J];航空計測技術;2000年02期

7 張宏楓,居冰峰,陳子辰;固態(tài)繼電器及其在電動執(zhí)行器中的應用[J];機電工程;2000年02期

8 于源;機床梯形螺紋絲杠、螺母精度的特點[J];機械工人.冷加工;1997年03期

9 張斌,徐錦芬,,高志,吳宗澤,鄭林慶;摩擦過程中真實接觸面積的灰色分析[J];摩擦學學報;1996年01期

10 魏龍;劉其和;張鵬高;;基于分形理論的滑動摩擦表面接觸力學模型[J];機械工程學報;2012年17期

本文編號：1775369