本文選題：激光　切入點(diǎn)：微觀裂紋修復(fù)　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金屬結(jié)構(gòu)件在制造和服役過程中不可避免產(chǎn)生各種微觀裂紋,隨著服役時(shí)間的增加,微觀裂紋不斷擴(kuò)展,造成機(jī)械零件的失效,甚至導(dǎo)致突發(fā)性災(zāi)難性事故。本論文以設(shè)計(jì)一種修復(fù)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)件表面微觀表面裂紋的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置為研究目的,以解決當(dāng)前金屬結(jié)構(gòu)件表面微觀裂紋修復(fù)的問題。首先,從總體上對激光裂紋修復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)分析。根據(jù)激光加熱的特點(diǎn),確定將離焦量和加熱中心點(diǎn)溫度作為測控參數(shù)。同時(shí),考慮該實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的其他功能特點(diǎn),確定了實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的具體組成部分。其次,確定了采用單一平凸透鏡對激光進(jìn)行聚焦,并比較同軸光路與側(cè)向光路兩種設(shè)計(jì)光路的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),最后從避免視覺差的角度考慮選擇了同軸光路。同時(shí),根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)要求搭建了同軸光路實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺。分析比較國內(nèi)常用送粉器的結(jié)構(gòu)后,確定本實(shí)驗(yàn)選用自重式送粉器的結(jié)構(gòu),并計(jì)算粉末輸送的氣力輸送條件,以選擇適宜的流量控制器,同時(shí)給出了整個(gè)送粉系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖。然后,根據(jù)激光裂紋修復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的具體組成部分對所需的相關(guān)硬件進(jìn)行選型與安裝,包括激光器及其控制板卡；裂紋檢測所需的相機(jī)、鏡頭和光源；紅外測溫傳感器；超聲波測距傳感器；數(shù)據(jù)采集卡。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了激光裂紋修復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的上位機(jī)軟件控制系統(tǒng)。在簡單介紹了該實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的上位機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)軟件LabVIEW后,概述了該系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)模式,并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的工作流程繪制了程序流程圖,編寫了控制系統(tǒng)的主程序。同時(shí),分別對視覺采集子程序、數(shù)據(jù)采集子程序、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)與報(bào)表子程序和程序前面板進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說明,并對主程序進(jìn)行了測試試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的有效性�？傊�,通過系統(tǒng)調(diào)試,該激光裂紋修復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置能夠采集圖像數(shù)據(jù),完成了對微觀裂紋的檢測,并有效地采集距離、溫度和流量數(shù)據(jù),完成CT試樣微觀裂紋的自動(dòng)修復(fù)過程,且自動(dòng)生成了相關(guān)測量數(shù)據(jù)的Excel報(bào)表。
[Abstract]:Metal structure in the manufacturing and service process will inevitably produce a variety of micro cracks, with the increase of service time, the micro crack expansion caused by the failure of mechanical parts, and even lead to sudden catastrophic accidents. In this paper, the design of experimental device for repairing metal structure surface micro cracks on the surface for the purpose of the study, in order to solve the metal structure repair surface micro crack problems. First, analyze the design of experimental device of laser repair of crack on the whole. According to the characteristics of laser heating, will determine the centrifugal temperature coke amount and heating as control parameters. At the same time, considering the other features of the experimental device, to determine the specific part the experimental device. Secondly, the focus on the laser using a single plane convex lens, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of coaxial optical path and lateral optical path two optical design, the most From the point of view to avoid visual difference selection of coaxial optical system. At the same time, according to the experimental requirements to build a coaxial optical experimental platform. Analysis of the structure of domestic common powder feed unit, determine the structure of the experiment the weight of powder feeder, and powder conveying pneumatic conveying condition calculation, to choose the appropriate flow controller at the same time, given the powder feeding system structure diagram. Then, according to the specific part of the crack repair experiment of laser device selection and installation of related hardware required, including laser and control board; crack detection for camera lens and a light source; infrared sensor; ultrasonic sensor; data acquisition card. Finally, design the PC software experimental device of laser repair crack control system. After a brief introduction of the host computer of the experimental device control system software LabVIEW, The software design model of the system, and presents the flow chart according to the experimental device of work flow, write the main program of the control system. At the same time, respectively on the visual acquisition subprogram, data acquisition subprogram, data storage and report subroutine and the front panel is described in detail, and the testing of the main program and verify the validity of the system. In a word, through the system debugging, the laser crack repair experiment device can collect image data, complete the detection of micro cracks, and effectively collecting distance, temperature and flow data, automatic repair process to complete the CT micro crack, and automatically generate relevant measuring data of Excel report.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG665;TN249

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本文編號：1636464