本文關(guān)鍵詞： 彈殼材料 等離子表面淬火 激光表面淬火 沖擊性能 脆性組織　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來，許多國家為了提高炮彈的破片率而提出改變彈體材料性能的方案，其中預(yù)置破片和機(jī)械刻槽這兩種方法是比較常用的，但這兩種方法的成本比較高且預(yù)制破片極大消耗各國的戰(zhàn)略儲備，所以必須要改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有的彈殼加工工藝。 本課題提出利用激光淬火、等離子淬火、鎢極氬弧淬火等加工方法，在彈殼表面加工出不同密度的脆性帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)，在爆炸時會在加工處優(yōu)先斷裂，形成質(zhì)量均勻、形狀規(guī)則的可控破片，代替原有的加工方法，并將試件做整體淬火作為對比。 在實驗中，將40Cr、50SiMnVB、58SiMn三種材料加工成片狀試件，分別用上述方法加工出不同密度的脆性帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)，對其進(jìn)行沖擊破碎實驗，結(jié)果表明：脆性帶的密度對試件斷裂影響不大，但是否加工脆性帶對沖擊結(jié)果影響顯著。綜合來看，，三橫三縱型脆性帶由于破片率較高且需要破碎的能量較小，所以破碎效果最好；材料因素對試件的斷裂有一定影響，但仍不如是否加工了脆性帶的影響顯著。用ANSYS有限元分析軟件得出的結(jié)論為：脆性帶的偏移量和密度對彈殼破碎難易程度影響很小，與實驗結(jié)果基本相符。 通過掃描電鏡和能譜儀對脆性帶的脆化機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析，結(jié)果表明：用3種加工方法加工出的脆性帶在材料表層一定深度范圍內(nèi)生成了脆化組織，且沒有成分流失和聚集，還伴隨有少量微裂紋產(chǎn)生。同時還用顯微硬度計對脆性帶的硬度進(jìn)行測量，結(jié)果表明：脆性帶的硬度與基體相比得到明顯提高。綜合以上分析方法和實驗結(jié)果得出最優(yōu)的加工方案：采用激光方法加工脆性帶，加工速度20mm/s，功率500W，脆性帶類型為三橫三縱型。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to improve the fragmentation rate of projectile, many countries have put forward the plan of changing the material performance of projectile, among which the two methods of preset fragment and mechanical groove are commonly used. However, the cost of the two methods is high and the prefabricated fragments consume the strategic reserves of each country greatly. Therefore, the existing process of shell case processing must be improved. In this paper, by using laser quenching, plasma quenching, tungsten argon arc quenching and other processing methods, the brittle band network with different densities is machined on the surface of the shell case, which will break preferentially in the process of explosion. The controlled fragment with uniform quality and regular shape was formed instead of the original processing method and the sample was quenched as a contrast. In the experiment, three kinds of materials 40Cr50SiMnVBN58SiMn were processed into flake specimens, and the brittle band networks with different densities were fabricated by the method mentioned above. The results show that the density of brittle zone has little effect on the fracture of the specimen, but whether the brittle zone is processed has a significant effect on the impact results. Because the fragment rate is high and the energy needed to be broken is small, the breakage effect is the best in three transverse and three longitudinal brittle zones. The material factor has certain influence on the fracture of the specimen. But it is not as good as whether the brittle zone is machined or not. The conclusion obtained by the ANSYS finite element analysis software is that the migration and density of the brittle band have little influence on the easy degree of fragmentation of the shell case. The results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The embrittlement mechanism of brittleness band was analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results showed that embrittlement structure was formed in a certain depth of the surface layer of the brittleness zone processed by three kinds of processing methods. There is no loss and accumulation of composition, and a small amount of microcracks are produced. The hardness of brittle band is also measured by microhardness meter. The results show that the hardness of the brittle band is obviously higher than that of the matrix, and the optimum processing scheme is obtained by synthesizing the above analysis methods and experimental results: the processing speed of the brittle band is 20mm / s by laser processing. Power 500 W, brittleness band type is three horizontal and three vertical.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG156.3;TJ410.5

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