發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-04 21:39

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：曲面連續(xù)輥壓成形中的輥縫控制及數(shù)值分析與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 連續(xù)輥壓 曲面件 輥縫控制 輥縫變化 輥縫修正 數(shù)值分析

【摘要】：曲面連續(xù)輥壓成形是一種新型的板料連續(xù)成形工藝，將傳統(tǒng)軋制技術(shù)與多點(diǎn)調(diào)形技術(shù)相結(jié)合，采用兩個(gè)可小撓度彎曲的柔性輥?zhàn)鳛楣ぷ鬏�。該方法的理論基礎(chǔ)是不均勻減薄原理和橫向彎曲變形機(jī)理。通過(guò)調(diào)形機(jī)構(gòu)可調(diào)節(jié)柔性輥的橫向彎曲和輥縫大小，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)不同曲率的三維曲面板類件的高效、連續(xù)成形，在汽車、飛機(jī)、船舶和建筑等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。 連續(xù)輥壓成形的曲面形狀是由輥縫控制的，在成形過(guò)程中，工作輥總成的彈性變形使輥縫發(fā)生變化，實(shí)際輥縫大小與目標(biāo)輥縫發(fā)生偏離，成形件達(dá)不到目標(biāo)形狀。在工作輥總成內(nèi)有一個(gè)柔性輥和兩個(gè)鋼絲軟軸支撐輥，鋼絲軟軸的剛度小，彈性變形量大，鋼絲軟軸的彈性變形量是輥縫變化的主要原因。 本文考慮了實(shí)際成形過(guò)程中鋼絲軟軸支撐輥的變形，建立了更貼合實(shí)際的有限元模型，采用數(shù)值分析方法對(duì)連續(xù)輥壓成形中的輥縫變化及影響因素進(jìn)行了研究；提出基于工作輥機(jī)構(gòu)彈性變形補(bǔ)償?shù)妮伩p修正方法，對(duì)輥縫修正方法進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證；對(duì)基于鋼絲軟軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，采用基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法，進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，并將兩種輥縫控制方法進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。 本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： （1）研究了不同工藝參數(shù)對(duì)連續(xù)輥壓成形中輥縫變化的影響。結(jié)果表明：隨著板料壓縮率的增大，輥縫相對(duì)變化量增大；板料強(qiáng)度越高，輥縫相對(duì)變化量越大；在相同整體下壓量的條件下，隨板料厚度減小，，輥縫相對(duì)變化量變大；在整體下壓量相同的條件下，隨著相鄰兩鋼絲軟軸間距離增大，輥縫相對(duì)變化量增大；隨著上輥施加的整體下壓量的增大，對(duì)輥縫的補(bǔ)償增多，輥縫相對(duì)變化量逐漸減小。 （2）研究了凸曲面和鞍面的輥縫變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：成形凸曲面件時(shí)，輥縫中間部位的輥縫變化量大于輥縫邊緣部位的輥縫變化量；成形鞍面件時(shí)，輥縫邊緣部位的輥縫變化量大于輥縫中間部位的輥縫變化量。 （3）將工作輥總成內(nèi)各部分的彈性變形量進(jìn)行對(duì)比，得出輥縫變化的主要原因。柔性輥彈性變形量很小，為10-4mm數(shù)量級(jí)，相對(duì)于鋼絲軟軸支撐輥彈性變形量和柔性輥中心與鋼絲軟軸支撐輥中心的豎直方向距離變化量可以近似忽略，鋼絲軟軸支撐輥彈性變形量、柔性輥中心與鋼絲軟軸支撐輥中心的豎直方向距離變化量是輥縫變化的主要原因。 （4）提出了基于工作輥機(jī)構(gòu)彈性變形補(bǔ)償?shù)妮伩p修正方法，并進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。利用工作輥機(jī)構(gòu)各部分彈性變形量之和作為第一次修正量，不同修正步的總彈性變形量差值作為后續(xù)修正步的修正量，對(duì)輥縫進(jìn)行修正。通過(guò)數(shù)值分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：修正后的輥縫變化量明顯小于修正前，輥縫達(dá)到較高精度，成形件也達(dá)到較高的表面質(zhì)量和成形精度。 （5）對(duì)輥縫控制方法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，采用基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法，并對(duì)基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明：采用基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法時(shí)，輥縫相對(duì)變化量明顯減小，輥縫修正量和修正次數(shù)也明顯減少。采用兩種輥縫控制方法對(duì)輥縫進(jìn)行若干次修正后，基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法采用更少的修正次數(shù)和更小的修正量，可以獲得更高的成形精度，基于光軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法明顯優(yōu)于基于鋼絲軟軸支撐輥的輥縫控制方法。
[Abstract]:The continuous roll forming process of curved surface is a new continuous forming process of sheet material . The traditional rolling technology is combined with multi - point adjustment technology . Two flexible rolls with small deflection are used as the working rolls . The theory basis of this method is uneven thinning principle and transverse bending deformation mechanism . The transverse bending and roll gap size of flexible roll can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism , so that the three - dimensional curved surface plate with different curvature can be formed efficiently and continuously , and has wide application prospect in the fields of automobile , airplane , ship and building . the shape of the curved surface formed by the continuous rolling is controlled by a roller seam ; during the forming process , the elastic deformation of the working roller assembly causes the roller gap to change , the actual roll gap size is deviated from the target roll gap , the forming piece can not reach the target shape , and the working roll assembly has a flexible roller and two steel wire flexible shaft support rollers , the rigidity of the steel wire flexible shaft is small , the elastic deformation amount is large , and the elastic deformation amount of the steel wire flexible shaft is the main reason of the change of the roll gap . In this paper , the deformation of the steel wire flexible shaft supporting roller during the actual forming process is considered , and a more realistic finite element model is established . The roller gap correction method based on the elastic deformation compensation of the work roller mechanism is adopted to carry out numerical analysis and experimental verification on the roller gap control method based on the elastic deformation compensation of the work roller mechanism . The main research contents and conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) The effect of different process parameters on the change of roll gap in continuous roll press forming is studied . The results show that the relative change of roll gap increases with the increase of the compression ratio of the sheet material , the higher the plate material strength , the greater the relative change of the roll gap , and the relative change amount of the roll gap decreases with the increase of the distance between the two adjacent steel wires under the same condition of the same overall depression amount . As the total downward pressure applied by the upper roll increases , the compensation of the roll gap increases , and the relative change amount of the roll gap decreases . ( 2 ) The variation law of roll gap between convex curved surface and saddle surface is studied . The results show that when forming convex curved surface piece , the change amount of roll gap in the middle part of roll gap is greater than the change amount of roll gap at the edge part of roll gap ; when forming saddle surface piece , the change amount of roll gap in the edge part of roll gap is greater than that of roll gap in middle part of roll gap . and ( 3 ) comparing the elastic deformation amount of each part in the working roll assembly to obtain the main reason of the change of the roll gap , wherein the elastic deformation amount of the flexible roller is very small , the distance variation of the elastic deformation amount of the flexible roller support roller and the center of the flexible roller center and the steel wire flexible shaft support roller can be approximately ignored , the elastic deformation amount of the steel wire flexible shaft support roller , and the change amount of the distance between the center of the flexible roller and the center of the steel wire flexible shaft support roller are the main causes of the change of the roll gap . ( 4 ) The roll gap correction method based on the elastic deformation compensation of the work roll mechanism is put forward , and the numerical analysis and experimental verification are carried out . By using the sum of the elastic deformation amount of each part of the working roller mechanism as the correction amount of the subsequent correction step , the roll gap is corrected . Through numerical analysis and experimental research , it is found that the modified roll gap change amount is obviously smaller than the correction , and the roll gap reaches higher precision , and the former also reaches higher surface quality and forming precision . ( 5 ) To improve the roll gap control method , a roll gap control method based on an optical axis support roller is adopted , and numerical analysis and experimental research on the roll gap control method based on the optical axis support roller are carried out . The results show that the roll gap control method based on the optical axis support roller is obviously reduced , and the roll gap control method based on the optical axis support roller can obtain higher forming precision , and the roll gap control method based on the optical axis support roller is obviously better than the roll gap control method based on the steel wire flexible shaft support roller .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG306

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