本文關鍵詞：鋁合金輕量化壁板的激光誘導熱成形研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 鋁合金 激光誘導熱成形 工藝參數(shù) 邊界效應 輕量化壁板

【摘要】：近年來,隨著航空航天、船舶、汽車等行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,輕質金屬板材的應用日益廣泛,其中鋁合金憑借質量輕、強度高、耐腐蝕等優(yōu)良特性得到了大量應用。針對包括鋁合金在內的金屬板材,傳統(tǒng)的成形工藝通常需要借助模具來對板材進行成形。然而對于一些大尺寸、形狀復雜、成形精度的要求不高、小批量生產(chǎn)的零件來說,模具的設計周期會很長,同時制造成本很高,因此近年來,一種新的無模成形技術——激光誘導熱成形技術逐漸引起了人們的關注。本文針對航天用5A06鋁合金輕量化壁板的激光誘導熱成形工藝技術進行了基礎研究,探索該材料的激光誘導熱成形的基本工藝規(guī)律,為后續(xù)實際應用打下基礎。本文首先通過試驗對航天用5A06鋁合金的激光誘導熱成形特性進行了研究。確定了5A06鋁合金激光誘導熱成形的合理工藝參數(shù)范圍,并分析了激光加熱對于鋁合金材料的微觀組織及硬度的影響。同時利用正交試驗探索了激光功率、光斑直徑、掃描速度、掃描線位置等工藝參數(shù)對5A06鋁合金板材變形量的影響程度,并通過單因素試驗研究了不同工藝參數(shù)對板材變形量的影響規(guī)律。本文還對板材激光誘導熱成形中嚴重影響板材成形精度的邊界效應現(xiàn)象(或稱翹曲現(xiàn)象)進行了研究。分析其產(chǎn)生的原因并且深入研究了激光功率和掃描線位置對邊界效應的影響,提出了利用變功率掃描方式抑制邊界效應的工藝方法,并分別通過有限元仿真分析與實驗驗證了這一方法對于抑制邊界效應現(xiàn)象的有效性。在上述研究的基礎上,對航天用5A06鋁合金輕量化壁板的激光誘導熱成形工藝規(guī)劃進行了研究。利用有限元方法分析了輕量化壁板在激光掃描過程中的溫度場、應力場、應變場以及變形過程,提出了變功率掃描與外力輔助成形相結合的工藝策略來抑制輕量化壁板成形過程中的不均勻變形。同時對連續(xù)掃描輕量化壁板的溫度場分布和變形規(guī)律進行了初步探究。本文的研究工作為5A06鋁合金輕量化壁板激光誘導熱成形工藝技術的深入研究奠定了基礎,對于實現(xiàn)特殊結構板材的無模成形也具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace, ship, automobile and other industries, the application of light metal sheet is increasingly widespread, among which aluminum alloy has light weight and high strength. Corrosion resistance and other good properties have been widely used. For the metal sheet, including aluminum alloy, the traditional forming process usually needs the aid of die to form the sheet metal. However, for some large size, the shape is complex. The requirements of forming accuracy are not high, for small batch production of parts, die design cycle will be very long, at the same time, manufacturing costs are high, so in recent years. A new no-die forming technology, laser induced hot forming, has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, the laser induced hot forming technology of 5A06 aluminum alloy lightweight wall plate for aerospace is studied. . The basic technological rules of laser induced thermal forming of the material were explored. In this paper, the characteristics of laser induced hot forming of 5A06 aluminum alloy for aerospace are studied by experiments, and the reasonable technological parameters of laser induced hot forming of 5A06 aluminum alloy are determined. Count range. The effects of laser heating on the microstructure and hardness of aluminum alloy were analyzed, and the laser power, spot diameter and scanning speed were investigated by orthogonal test. The influence of scanning line position and other technological parameters on deformation of 5A06 aluminum alloy sheet. The influence of different process parameters on the deformation of sheet metal is studied by single factor test. The boundary effect phenomenon (or warping phenomenon) which seriously affects the forming accuracy of sheet metal in laser-induced hot forming is also studied. The cause of the problem is analyzed and the influence of laser power and scanning line position on the boundary effect is studied. A new method to suppress the boundary effect by variable power scanning is proposed. The effectiveness of the method is verified by finite element simulation and experiments. The laser induced hot forming process planning of 5A06 aluminum alloy lightweight wall plate for aerospace was studied. The temperature field and stress field of light weight aluminum alloy panel during laser scanning were analyzed by finite element method. Strain field and deformation process. A process strategy combining variable power scanning and external force assisted forming is proposed to suppress the uneven deformation in the process of lightweight panel forming. The temperature field distribution and deformation law of continuous scanning lightweight wall plate are also discussed in this paper. The research work in this paper has laid a foundation for the deep research of laser induced hot forming technology of 5A06 aluminum alloy lightweight wall plate. It is also of great significance to realize the die-less forming of special structure sheet.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG665

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本文編號：1377523