【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，國家對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的投入也愈加增多。隧道工程建設(shè)方興未艾。由于我國幅員遼闊，地質(zhì)情況復(fù)雜，深長隧道也日益增多。這些深長隧道的施工往往要穿越各種不良地質(zhì)體（如斷層破碎帶、巖溶、地下水等），，由此引發(fā)的隧道地質(zhì)災(zāi)害也越來越多。 突水突泥是深長隧道施工中最嚴(yán)重的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害之一，在施工過程中不加防范往往造成巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，有時甚至造成人員傷亡的后果。而突水突泥災(zāi)害的發(fā)生與隧道施工開挖工作面接近前方存在的含水（泥）體或隧道開挖臨空面外存在的含水（泥）體密切相關(guān)。本文在充分調(diào)研了國內(nèi)外深長隧道突水突泥災(zāi)害產(chǎn)生原因的基礎(chǔ)之上，系統(tǒng)地提出了深長隧道五種突水致災(zāi)構(gòu)造：未膠結(jié)的富水壓性斷層上盤強(qiáng)烈破碎帶、未膠結(jié)的富水張性斷層帶、未膠結(jié)的富水順層錯動（節(jié)理密集發(fā)育）破碎帶、充水巖溶和地下向斜儲水構(gòu)造含水體；三種突泥致災(zāi)構(gòu)造：底部充填黏土的水、泥混合充填巖溶、與地表相通的飽和黏土充填巖溶和大型壓性斷層主干斷層斷層泥帶。同時，對致災(zāi)構(gòu)造的構(gòu)成地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，對致災(zāi)構(gòu)造的致災(zāi)模式和災(zāi)害特征進(jìn)行了詳盡分析。最后，對相應(yīng)的致災(zāi)構(gòu)造引發(fā)的突水突泥災(zāi)害進(jìn)行了例析。通過本文的研究以期提高隧道突水突泥災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確率，對實(shí)現(xiàn)突水突泥災(zāi)害預(yù)警和防控起到促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy in our country, the national investment in infrastructure construction is increasing. Tunnel construction is in the ascendant. Because of the vast territory and complex geological situation of our country, the number of deep and long tunnels is increasing day by day. The construction of these deep and long tunnels often passes through all kinds of bad geological bodies (such as fault fracture zone, Karst, groundwater, etc.), which leads to more and more geological disasters of the tunnel. Water inrush and mud inrush is one of the most serious geological disasters in the construction of deep and long tunnels. In the process of construction, it often results in huge economic property losses and sometimes even casualties. The occurrence of water inrush mud inrush disaster is closely related to the water cut (mud) body in front of the tunnel construction excavation face or the water cut (mud) body existing outside the empty surface of tunnel excavation. On the basis of fully investigating the causes of water inrush mud inrush disaster in deep long tunnel at home and abroad, this paper systematically puts forward five kinds of water inrush disaster structures in deep long tunnel: the strong broken zone on the upper plate of unbonded water-rich pressure fault, the uncemented water-rich fault zone, the uncemented water-rich bedding dislocation (dense joint development) fracture zone, the water-filled Karst and underground oblique water storage structure water-bearing zone; There are three kinds of mud outburst disaster structures: bottom filling clay water, mud mixed filling Karst, saturated clay filling Karst and large compression fault main fault mud belt. At the same time, the geological characteristics of the disaster-causing structure are summarized, and the disaster mode and disaster characteristics of the disaster-causing structure are analyzed in detail. Finally, an example of water inrush and mud inrush caused by the corresponding disaster-causing structure is analyzed. Through the research in this paper, it is hoped to improve the prediction accuracy of water and mud inrush disaster in tunnel, and to promote the early warning and prevention and control of water and mud inrush disaster.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國鐵道科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U456.33

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本文編號：2511496