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基于多目標(biāo)的震后應(yīng)急物資車輛路徑問題研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-06-24 15:46
【摘要】:我國(guó)是一個(gè)自然災(zāi)害比較多的國(guó)家,頻發(fā)的自然災(zāi)害給社會(huì)帶來(lái)巨大的傷亡和損失,其中地震造成的人員死亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失最多。應(yīng)急物資的快速、安全、有效供應(yīng)對(duì)于災(zāi)后人民基本生活、衛(wèi)生防疫以及社會(huì)安定等方面尤為重要。 首先在對(duì)現(xiàn)有的研究成果和理論進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了一般應(yīng)急物流與震后應(yīng)急物流的概念和特點(diǎn),對(duì)應(yīng)急物流與商業(yè)物流進(jìn)行了比較,分析了基于地震災(zāi)害的應(yīng)急物流與一般應(yīng)急物流的特殊之處。然后結(jié)合震后應(yīng)急物資配送的實(shí)際情況對(duì)各種運(yùn)輸方式進(jìn)行比較,公路運(yùn)輸因其路網(wǎng)覆蓋面廣、機(jī)動(dòng)靈活、速度較快、路況修復(fù)容易的優(yōu)勢(shì)在震后應(yīng)急物資配送中占有重要地位。 其次,對(duì)基于地震災(zāi)害的應(yīng)急物流公共信息平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行了初步探討,按照參與主體對(duì)應(yīng)急物流公共信息平臺(tái)進(jìn)行需求分析,并據(jù)此設(shè)計(jì)了簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)急物流公共信息平臺(tái)的框架。 另外,以應(yīng)急車輛理想化環(huán)境下的單目標(biāo)配送路徑問題為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合震后應(yīng)急物流的特殊性,分析震后路面情況、路旁建筑物、交通流量對(duì)目標(biāo)函數(shù)的影響。針對(duì)震后單車配送和多車配送兩類問題,提出了考慮配送時(shí)間、路徑風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、配送公平和配送成本的多目標(biāo)模型。在無(wú)量綱處理基礎(chǔ)上,采用非結(jié)構(gòu)化決策的模糊賦權(quán)法計(jì)算指標(biāo)權(quán)重,通過加權(quán)求和方式將多目標(biāo)單一化。針對(duì)震后單車配送,改進(jìn)遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解,針對(duì)震后多車應(yīng)急配送,將爬山算法與遺傳算法結(jié)合,,構(gòu)建混合遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解。 最后,隨機(jī)選用Solomon車輛路徑的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)單車單目標(biāo)和震后多車配送路徑模型的兩個(gè)算例求解分析,在MATLAB7.0環(huán)境下求解,通過對(duì)運(yùn)行結(jié)果的比較、分析,驗(yàn)證了模型的合理性和兩個(gè)改進(jìn)遺傳算法的可行性以及有效性。
[Abstract]:China is a country with more natural disasters. Frequent natural disasters bring huge casualties and losses to the society, among which earthquakes cause the most deaths and economic losses. The rapid, safe and effective supply of emergency materials is particularly important for the basic life, health and epidemic prevention and social stability of the people after the disaster. First of all, on the basis of combing the existing research results and theories, this paper expounds the concepts and characteristics of general emergency logistics and post-earthquake emergency logistics, compares emergency logistics with commercial logistics, and analyzes the special features of emergency logistics and general emergency logistics based on earthquake disasters. Then, according to the actual situation of emergency material distribution after earthquake, various transportation modes are compared. Highway transportation plays an important role in post-earthquake emergency material distribution because of its wide road network coverage, flexible maneuverability, fast speed and easy road condition repair. Secondly, the construction of emergency logistics public information platform based on earthquake disaster is discussed, and the demand of emergency logistics public information platform is analyzed according to the participants, and the framework of simple emergency logistics public information platform is designed. In addition, based on the problem of single target distribution path in the idealized environment of emergency vehicles, combined with the particularity of emergency logistics after earthquake, the influence of road surface, roadside buildings and traffic flow on the objective function is analyzed. In order to solve the problems of bicycle distribution and multi-vehicle distribution after the earthquake, a multi-objective model considering distribution time, path risk, distribution fairness and distribution cost is proposed. On the basis of dimensionless processing, the fuzzy weighting method of unstructured decision is used to calculate the index weight, and the multi-objective is unified by weighted summation. Aiming at the bicycle distribution after the earthquake, the improved genetic algorithm is improved to solve the problem, and the mountain climbing algorithm and genetic algorithm are combined to solve the problem of multi-vehicle emergency distribution after the earthquake. Finally, the standard data of Solomon vehicle path are randomly selected to solve and analyze two examples of single target and multi-vehicle distribution path model after earthquake, which are solved in MATLAB7.0 environment. Through the comparison of operation results, the rationality of the model and the feasibility and effectiveness of the two improved genetic algorithms are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:沈陽(yáng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:U492.22;P315.9

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