【摘要】：一個準確的有限元模型是橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測中傳感器優(yōu)化布設(shè)、損傷識別、安全評定以及狀態(tài)預(yù)測的基礎(chǔ)。響應(yīng)面方法已經(jīng)在結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計、簡單橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型修正中得到應(yīng)用。本文將響應(yīng)面方法應(yīng)用于超大跨懸索橋梁的有限元模型修正中,研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)分析了以健康監(jiān)測為目標的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)三維有限元模型的建模需求和建模策略。詳細闡述了超大跨懸索橋的受力特征、主纜線形的計算理論以及破壞形式,以減小建模過程中的不確定性,并以此為基礎(chǔ)建立了某超大跨懸索橋的三維有限元模型,并對該模型做了簡要的靜力和動力特性分析。 (2)詳細闡述了基于徑向基函數(shù)響應(yīng)面方法的有限元模型修正方法,并詳細介紹了基于靈敏度分析方法的待修正參數(shù)的選取、特征信息的選取要求、目標函數(shù)的構(gòu)建方法以及優(yōu)化方法的選取等。把上述方法應(yīng)用于實驗室鋼桁架模型有限元模型修正中,并以實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證了該方法的有效性,修正結(jié)果表明,修正后的各修正參數(shù)依然能夠保持原有的物理意義,并且修正后的有限元模型的特征信息能夠反映真實結(jié)構(gòu)的特征信息。 (3)把基于徑向基函數(shù)響應(yīng)面的有限元模型修正方法應(yīng)用于超大跨懸索橋有限元模型修正中,以獲得能反映結(jié)構(gòu)真實狀態(tài)的超大跨懸索橋基準有限元分析模型。首先利用靈敏度分析方法選取待修正參數(shù)和可用的特征量信息,以中心復(fù)合試驗設(shè)計方法構(gòu)造不同攝動水平下的待修正參數(shù)樣本,通過有限元模型的靜動力分析計算不同參數(shù)水平下的特征量樣本；然后,以待修正參數(shù)樣本和特征量樣本為結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)輸入和輸出,建立能逼近大型結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計參數(shù)與特征量之間復(fù)雜隱式函數(shù)關(guān)系的徑向基響應(yīng)面模型,最后,基于建立的響應(yīng)面模型以及目標函數(shù),采用優(yōu)化算法對結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型進行修正。結(jié)果表明：修正后的有限元模型能夠更真實的反映結(jié)構(gòu)的物理狀態(tài),較好的體現(xiàn)了該橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的真實靜動力特性。該方法具有較高的計算效率和精度,適用于超大跨懸索橋的有限元模型修正。 (4)對修正后的懸索橋有限元模型進行了靜力實驗驗證,驗證的結(jié)果表明,修正后的有限元模型的靜載分析結(jié)果能夠較好地與實際監(jiān)測結(jié)果吻合,修正后的有限元模型具有較高的精度。
[Abstract]:An accurate finite element model is the basis of sensor optimization, damage identification, safety assessment and state prediction in bridge structural health monitoring. The response surface method has been applied in the optimization design of structures and the modification of finite element model of simple bridge structures. In this paper, the response surface method is applied to the finite element model modification of super-large span suspension bridge. The research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the modeling requirements and modeling strategy of 3D finite element model of bridge structure aiming at health monitoring are analyzed. In order to reduce the uncertainty in the modeling process, the stress characteristics of the super-large span suspension bridge, the calculation theory of the main cable alignment and the failure form are described in detail, on the basis of which the three-dimensional finite element model of a large-span suspension bridge is established, and the static and dynamic characteristics of the model are briefly analyzed. (2) the finite element model correction method based on radial basis function response surface method is described in detail, and the selection of parameters to be modified based on sensitivity analysis method, the selection requirements of feature information, the construction method of objective function and the selection of optimization method are introduced in detail. The above method is applied to the modification of the finite element model of the laboratory steel truss model, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by the experimental data. The modified results show that the modified parameters can still maintain the original physical meaning, and the feature information of the modified finite element model can reflect the characteristic information of the real structure. (3) the finite element model modification method based on radial basis function response surface is applied to the finite element model modification of super-long span suspension bridge in order to obtain the reference finite element analysis model which can reflect the real state of the structure. Firstly, the parameters to be modified and the available characteristic information are selected by using the sensitivity analysis method, and the samples of the parameters to be modified under different perturbation levels are constructed by the central composite test design method, and the characteristic samples at different parameter levels are calculated by the static and dynamic analysis of the finite element model. Then, taking the parameter samples and feature samples to be modified as the input and output of the structural system, the radial basis response surface model which can approximate the complex implicit function relationship between the design parameters and the feature quantity of the large-scale structural system is established. Finally, based on the established response surface model and objective function, the finite element model of the structure is modified by using the optimization algorithm. The results show that the modified finite element model can reflect the physical state of the structure more truly and better reflect the real static and dynamic characteristics of the bridge structure. This method has high computational efficiency and accuracy and is suitable for finite element model modification of super-large span suspension bridges. (4) the modified finite element model of suspension bridge is verified by static experiment. The results show that the static load analysis results of the modified finite element model are in good agreement with the actual monitoring results, and the modified finite element model has high accuracy.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U448.25

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