【摘要】：隨著我國交通事業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展，跨線橋增多，在緩解交通壓力的同時也帶來了諸多不確定因素，一旦遭受車輛撞擊，將會產生嚴重的后果。因此，對汽車撞擊橋墩的研究相當必要，本文基于顯示動力非線性分析軟件LS-DYNA對汽車撞擊橋墩進行了仿真分析，主要工作如下： 一．回顧了國內外關于汽車與橋墩撞擊的研究概況，介紹了LS-DYNA程序的功能特點以及實際操作過程中的控制問題。 二．本文第三章建立了車與橋墩碰撞的簡化有限元模型，比較分析了幾種截面形式的橋墩在遭受撞擊后的響應，初步提出了汽車與橋墩碰撞時應考慮汽車與橋墩接觸形式的觀點。另外，比較分析了常用的幾種混凝土本構模型和橋墩配筋率對撞擊響應的影響。 三．本文第四章建立了汽車與整橋碰撞的有限元模型，研究表明：車重、車速增加會導致撞擊力、墩頂位移的增加，在能量足夠大時，汽車接觸剛度發(fā)生變化（變大），因而增長率增大，通過對比分析，得出了本文分析模型下汽車接觸剛度發(fā)生變化的臨界能量值、臨界車重和臨界速度；在撞擊總能量相同時，速度大的能量組成方式，峰值出現(xiàn)早，質量大的組成方式，撞擊作用時域長，等效靜力最大，當質量和速度都相對較大時，撞擊力峰值最大；墩頂位移對撞擊質量最為敏感；混凝土強度等級提高會減小墩頂位移，但增大了撞擊力峰值；簡化模型研究表明：上部結構對撞擊力影響很小，墩頂固結、作用均布力于墩頂或在墩頂建立質量塊的簡化建模方式誤差都很小，特別是在防撞設計時，墩頂固結計算值大，，偏安全，建議采用。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of transportation in our country, the number of cross-line bridges has increased, which not only alleviates the traffic pressure, but also brings many uncertain factors. Once you are hit by a vehicle, it will have serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to study the automobile impact pier. In this paper, the vehicle impact pier is simulated and analyzed based on the display dynamic nonlinear analysis software LS-DYNA. The main work is as follows: first, the research situation of automobile and pier impact at home and abroad is reviewed, and the functional characteristics of LS-DYNA program and the control problems in the actual operation process are introduced. 2. In the third chapter of this paper, a simplified finite element model of vehicle-pier collision is established, the responses of several cross-section forms of piers after impact are compared and analyzed, and the viewpoint that the contact form between automobile and pier should be considered when the vehicle collides with the pier is put forward. In addition, the effects of several common concrete constitutive models and pier reinforcement ratio on impact response are compared and analyzed. 3. In the fourth chapter of this paper, the finite element model of vehicle collision with the whole bridge is established. The research shows that the increase of vehicle weight and speed will lead to the impact force and the displacement of pier top. when the energy is large enough, the contact stiffness of automobile changes (becomes larger), so the growth rate increases. Through comparative analysis, the critical energy value, critical vehicle weight and critical speed of vehicle contact stiffness change under the analysis model are obtained. When the total energy of impact is the same, the energy composition mode of high velocity appears early, the mass composition mode appears early, the time domain of impact action is long, the equivalent static force is the largest, when the mass and velocity are relatively large, the peak value of impact force is the largest, the displacement of pier top is the most sensitive to the impact mass, the increase of concrete strength grade will reduce the displacement of pier top, but increase the peak value of impact force. The simplified model research shows that the superstructure has little influence on the impact force, the consolidation of the pier top, the error of the simplified modeling method of uniform force on the top of the pier or the establishment of mass block at the top of the pier are very small, especially in the anti-collision design, the calculation value of the consolidation of the top of the pier is large and safe, so it is suggested that it should be adopted.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U443.26;U441

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