路段非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通流特性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-29 18:07
【摘要】：非機(jī)動(dòng)交通是我國(guó)城市交通的一個(gè)重要組成部分，除了個(gè)別城市，不同規(guī)模的城市交通出行方式中，，非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通出行占有較大的比重。非機(jī)動(dòng)車具有體積小、方便靈活、環(huán)保低碳等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到出行者的喜愛(ài)，但是由于機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量的不斷增加，非機(jī)動(dòng)車道路行駛空間受到擠壓，加上電動(dòng)自行車的不斷增加，導(dǎo)致機(jī)非混行現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，由非機(jī)動(dòng)車引發(fā)的交通事故逐年增加，交通環(huán)境和安全日益嚴(yán)峻。因此，研究非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通流特性尤為重要。 本文以大量路段實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，運(yùn)用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法和spss軟件統(tǒng)計(jì)分析功能對(duì)路段非機(jī)動(dòng)車速度特性、交通沖突特性及速度-流量關(guān)系等進(jìn)行分析，研究路段非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通流特性。 本文首先對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通基本特性進(jìn)行分析，包括非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性、使用者的騎行心理及騎行行為、時(shí)空分布特性、速度及橫向分布特性。其中重點(diǎn)分析非機(jī)動(dòng)車速度特性，包括不同機(jī)非分隔類型、性別對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車速度的影響，并驗(yàn)證速度分布服從正態(tài)分布。在對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通特性分析的基礎(chǔ)上分析了非機(jī)動(dòng)車的交通沖突特性及安全特性，對(duì)不同機(jī)非隔離類型下，非機(jī)動(dòng)車與非機(jī)動(dòng)車、機(jī)動(dòng)車和行人之間的沖突類型及沖突特性進(jìn)行分析，重點(diǎn)分析了公交站處非機(jī)動(dòng)車與機(jī)動(dòng)車的沖突；從交通特性和交通事故方面對(duì)自行車和電動(dòng)自行車安全特性進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，指出電動(dòng)自行車交通事故多發(fā)的原因并提出非機(jī)動(dòng)車安全治理對(duì)策。 論文第四章研究了機(jī)非物理隔離路段非機(jī)動(dòng)車混合交通流速度-流量特性，分析了電動(dòng)自行車不同混入比例下，非機(jī)動(dòng)車各車型速度-流量相關(guān)關(guān)系，并對(duì)速度-流量關(guān)系進(jìn)行相關(guān)性檢驗(yàn)，得出結(jié)論：自行車速度離散性較大，與流量相關(guān)性很低，主要受騎行者體力和性別影響；自由流狀態(tài)下，速度分布在某一期望車速附近，流量大于臨界流量時(shí)，速度-流量均符合二次曲線函數(shù)關(guān)系，最后分別建立不同比例下，電動(dòng)自行車、非機(jī)動(dòng)車速度-流量關(guān)系模型，并將模型應(yīng)用于實(shí)際，即作為道路新建或改造時(shí)非機(jī)動(dòng)車道寬度設(shè)置的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Non-motorized traffic is an important part of urban traffic in our country. In addition to individual cities, non-motorized traffic accounts for a large proportion of different scale of urban traffic travel. Non-motor vehicles have the advantages of small size, convenience and flexibility, environmental protection and low carbon, which are loved by travelers. However, due to the increasing number of motor vehicles, the driving space of non-motorized roads is squeezed, coupled with the increasing number of electric bicycles. As a result, the phenomenon of non-mixed traffic is serious, the traffic accidents caused by non-motor vehicles are increasing year by year, and the traffic environment and safety are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the traffic flow characteristics of non-motor vehicles. Based on a large number of measured data of road sections, this paper analyzes the speed characteristics of non-motor vehicles, traffic conflict characteristics and the relationship between speed and flow by using mathematical statistics method and spss software statistical analysis function. The characteristics of non-motorized traffic flow in road sections are studied. In this paper, the basic characteristics of non-motorized traffic are analyzed, including the sports characteristics of non-motorized traffic, the cycling psychology and behavior of users, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the speed and transverse distribution characteristics. It focuses on the analysis of the speed characteristics of non-motorized vehicles, including the influence of different non-segregated types and gender on the speed of non-motorized vehicles, and verifies that the speed distribution obeys the normal distribution. Based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of non-motor vehicles, the traffic conflict characteristics and safety characteristics of non-motor vehicles are analyzed. Under different types of non-isolation, non-motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, The conflict types and characteristics between motor vehicles and pedestrians are analyzed, with emphasis on the conflict between non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles at bus stations. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the safety characteristics of bicycles and electric bicycles from the aspects of traffic characteristics and traffic accidents, points out the causes of frequent traffic accidents of electric bicycles, and puts forward some countermeasures for the safety control of non-motor vehicles. In the fourth chapter, the velocity-flow characteristics of non-motor vehicle mixed traffic in non-physical isolation section are studied, and the correlation between speed and flow of non-motor vehicle under different mixing ratio of electric bicycle is analyzed. The correlation test of the relationship between speed and flow is carried out, and it is concluded that the dispersion of bicycle speed is large, and the correlation with flow is very low, which is mainly affected by the physical strength and sex of cyclists. Under the condition of free flow, the velocity is distributed near a certain expected speed, and when the flow rate is greater than the critical flow rate, the velocity-flow rate accords with the quadratic curve function. Finally, the electric bicycle is established in different proportion. The non-motor vehicle speed-flow relationship model is applied to practice, that is to say, it can be used as a reference for setting the width of non-motorized lanes when roads are built or rebuilt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.112
[Abstract]:Non-motorized traffic is an important part of urban traffic in our country. In addition to individual cities, non-motorized traffic accounts for a large proportion of different scale of urban traffic travel. Non-motor vehicles have the advantages of small size, convenience and flexibility, environmental protection and low carbon, which are loved by travelers. However, due to the increasing number of motor vehicles, the driving space of non-motorized roads is squeezed, coupled with the increasing number of electric bicycles. As a result, the phenomenon of non-mixed traffic is serious, the traffic accidents caused by non-motor vehicles are increasing year by year, and the traffic environment and safety are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the traffic flow characteristics of non-motor vehicles. Based on a large number of measured data of road sections, this paper analyzes the speed characteristics of non-motor vehicles, traffic conflict characteristics and the relationship between speed and flow by using mathematical statistics method and spss software statistical analysis function. The characteristics of non-motorized traffic flow in road sections are studied. In this paper, the basic characteristics of non-motorized traffic are analyzed, including the sports characteristics of non-motorized traffic, the cycling psychology and behavior of users, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the speed and transverse distribution characteristics. It focuses on the analysis of the speed characteristics of non-motorized vehicles, including the influence of different non-segregated types and gender on the speed of non-motorized vehicles, and verifies that the speed distribution obeys the normal distribution. Based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of non-motor vehicles, the traffic conflict characteristics and safety characteristics of non-motor vehicles are analyzed. Under different types of non-isolation, non-motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, The conflict types and characteristics between motor vehicles and pedestrians are analyzed, with emphasis on the conflict between non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles at bus stations. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the safety characteristics of bicycles and electric bicycles from the aspects of traffic characteristics and traffic accidents, points out the causes of frequent traffic accidents of electric bicycles, and puts forward some countermeasures for the safety control of non-motor vehicles. In the fourth chapter, the velocity-flow characteristics of non-motor vehicle mixed traffic in non-physical isolation section are studied, and the correlation between speed and flow of non-motor vehicle under different mixing ratio of electric bicycle is analyzed. The correlation test of the relationship between speed and flow is carried out, and it is concluded that the dispersion of bicycle speed is large, and the correlation with flow is very low, which is mainly affected by the physical strength and sex of cyclists. Under the condition of free flow, the velocity is distributed near a certain expected speed, and when the flow rate is greater than the critical flow rate, the velocity-flow rate accords with the quadratic curve function. Finally, the electric bicycle is established in different proportion. The non-motor vehicle speed-flow relationship model is applied to practice, that is to say, it can be used as a reference for setting the width of non-motorized lanes when roads are built or rebuilt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.112
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 陳艷艷,劉小明,洪峰,羅銘;電動(dòng)自行車在北京發(fā)展策略研究[J];道路交通與安全;2002年04期
2 王宏雁;戎U喆
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