客運(yùn)樞紐換乘效率及流線組織方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-17 16:12
【摘要】：客運(yùn)樞紐是綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系的重要組成部分,客運(yùn)樞紐的布局及運(yùn)行直接關(guān)系到整個(gè)運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行的效率與客運(yùn)服務(wù)水平。因此,客運(yùn)樞紐的設(shè)計(jì)方法與客流組織策略一直是交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)工程實(shí)踐與科學(xué)研究工作者關(guān)注的重要課題。隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的提高,城鄉(xiāng)居民出行的需求規(guī)模及其對(duì)服務(wù)水平的要求不斷提高,做好綜合客運(yùn)樞紐的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計(jì)與運(yùn)行組織不僅對(duì)提高樞紐的運(yùn)行質(zhì)量具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,對(duì)深化相關(guān)運(yùn)輸組織理論、完善運(yùn)輸組織的技術(shù)方法也具有重要的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值。 本文以客運(yùn)樞紐換乘效率及客流組織方法為對(duì)象,根據(jù)我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸實(shí)踐中目前存在的問(wèn)題,重點(diǎn)研究了客運(yùn)樞紐的分類、換乘效率的內(nèi)涵、效率分析方法以及客運(yùn)樞紐內(nèi)部換乘流線組織與優(yōu)化方法等問(wèn)題。 論文的主要工作包括以下幾個(gè)部分： (1)從規(guī)劃運(yùn)營(yíng)層面,在深入分析客運(yùn)樞紐運(yùn)行過(guò)程的基本機(jī)理基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)客運(yùn)樞紐的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行了延展和補(bǔ)充。以現(xiàn)行的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和行業(yè)規(guī)范為基礎(chǔ),分析了不同類型客運(yùn)樞紐內(nèi)設(shè)施、設(shè)備配置規(guī)模和數(shù)量,研究提出了客運(yùn)樞紐的分類和定級(jí)方法。論文以北京南站和上海虹橋綜合客運(yùn)樞紐為例,闡述了客運(yùn)樞紐的構(gòu)成和具體運(yùn)行過(guò)程,運(yùn)用本文提出的方法對(duì)案例客運(yùn)樞紐進(jìn)行了類別分析與等級(jí)界定。 (2)以乘客在客運(yùn)樞紐中的移動(dòng)過(guò)程為對(duì)象,分析了部分樞紐換乘組織要素對(duì)乘客移動(dòng)行為的影響機(jī)理,從乘客角度提出將乘客通過(guò)設(shè)施的時(shí)間和系統(tǒng)乘客密度作為樞紐運(yùn)行效率的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。論文將排隊(duì)理論引入樞紐運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的效率測(cè)算問(wèn)題,將一條流線上的通道、樓梯等換乘設(shè)施抽象成多級(jí)多服務(wù)臺(tái)排隊(duì)系統(tǒng),研究了樞紐換乘運(yùn)行過(guò)程,建立了樞紐換乘效率的計(jì)算模型,并定量分析了不同因素對(duì)樞紐乘客換乘效率的影響程度。 (3)將客運(yùn)樞紐內(nèi)部面向乘客的各類服務(wù)設(shè)施作為節(jié)點(diǎn),構(gòu)建了客運(yùn)樞紐換乘服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò),探討了考慮供需雙方利益的客運(yùn)樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施優(yōu)化設(shè)置問(wèn)題。在費(fèi)用目標(biāo)函數(shù)中,本文通過(guò)考慮乘客出行時(shí)間價(jià)值,將樞紐設(shè)施設(shè)置費(fèi)用分為設(shè)施本身的購(gòu)置與運(yùn)行費(fèi)用及運(yùn)行過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的乘客時(shí)間費(fèi)用兩部分,建立了樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施設(shè)置優(yōu)化模型,為研究樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施設(shè)置總費(fèi)用(包括乘客通過(guò)設(shè)施的時(shí)間費(fèi)用和增設(shè)換乘設(shè)施的費(fèi)用)最小化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文選擇相關(guān)案例進(jìn)行了研究,構(gòu)建了基于Anylogic的仿真分析模型,仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了設(shè)施設(shè)置優(yōu)化方案的有效性。 (4)建立了以樞紐乘客換乘“全過(guò)程流線”為對(duì)象的流線優(yōu)化模型。全過(guò)程流線指從乘客下車到達(dá)或步行進(jìn)入樞紐車站時(shí)起,到乘客上車或步行離開(kāi)樞紐車站時(shí)止所產(chǎn)生的全部流動(dòng)過(guò)程和流動(dòng)線路。該流線可分為三大類：進(jìn)出站流線、同方式換乘流線及跨方式換乘流線。論文從研究對(duì)象的交通特性、網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成、抽象網(wǎng)絡(luò)及乘客出行影響因素四個(gè)角度,分析了樞紐內(nèi)乘客流量分配問(wèn)題的特點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將樞紐網(wǎng)絡(luò)抽象為節(jié)點(diǎn)與弧的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)；其中節(jié)點(diǎn)為樞紐內(nèi)各項(xiàng)設(shè)施,如通道設(shè)施、安檢設(shè)施等,根據(jù)乘客經(jīng)過(guò)的各項(xiàng)設(shè)施的具體阻抗來(lái)確定設(shè)施權(quán)值；弧為樞紐站內(nèi)的各項(xiàng)設(shè)施設(shè)備的連接點(diǎn)。論文研究建立了一體化的乘客流線優(yōu)化模型,案例表明模型可優(yōu)化樞紐內(nèi)各類乘客流線,使得大型客運(yùn)樞紐內(nèi)部換乘流線的總費(fèi)用最小。 實(shí)際客運(yùn)樞紐是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng),其中乘客行為、設(shè)施建設(shè)方案以及由樞紐功能決定的對(duì)外客流類別等都將可能顯著增加流線優(yōu)化的難度。本文關(guān)于客運(yùn)樞紐的研究還有許多問(wèn)題值得進(jìn)一步深入與細(xì)化的后續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:The passenger transport hub is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the layout and operation of the passenger transport hub are directly related to the operation efficiency and the passenger service level of the whole transportation network. Therefore, the design method and the passenger flow organization strategy of the passenger transport hub have always been an important subject of the attention of the transportation industry engineering practice and the scientific research workers. With the improvement of the social and economic development level in our country, the demand scale of the urban and rural residents and the demand for the service level are constantly improved, and the planning, design and operation organization of the comprehensive passenger transport hub not only has important practical significance for improving the operation quality of the hub, It also has important academic value for deepening the theory of relevant transport organization and perfecting the technical method of the transportation organization. Based on the current problems in the transportation practice of the passenger transport hub, this paper focuses on the classification and transfer efficiency of the passenger transport hub according to the existing problems in the transportation practice in China. The Analysis of Culvert, Efficiency Analysis and the Interchangeable Flow-line Organization and Optimization Method in the Passenger Transport Hub The main work of the paper includes the following Part: (1) From the planning and operation level, on the basis of analyzing the basic mechanism of the operation process of the passenger transport hub, the connotation of the passenger transport hub is carried out Based on the current national standard and industry standard, the paper analyzes the scale and quantity of the facilities and equipment in different types of passenger transport hub, and puts forward the classification of the passenger transport hub. The paper, taking the integrated passenger transport hub of the south station of Beijing and the Hongqiao Shanghai Hongqiao as an example, expounds the structure and operation process of the passenger transport hub, and uses the method proposed in this paper to analyze the case passenger transport hub. (2) Based on the movement of passengers in the passenger transport hub, the mechanism of the influence of some of the transfer organization elements on the movement behavior of the passengers is analyzed, and the time and the system passenger density of the passenger to pass through the facility are presented as the hub operation from the passenger's point of view. The evaluation index of efficiency is introduced. The paper introduces the queuing theory into the efficiency measurement in the process of hub operation, and abstracts the transfer facilities such as channels and stairs on a streamline into the multi-level multi-service desk queuing system, and studies the transfer operation process of the hub and establishes the hub transfer. The calculation model of efficiency is analyzed, and the transfer of different factors to the hub passenger is analyzed quantitatively. (3) The passenger-oriented service facilities in the passenger transport hub are used as the nodes, and the transfer service network of the passenger transport hub is constructed, and the internal change of the passenger transport hub taking into account the interests of the two sides of the supply and demand is discussed. In that cost objective function, by considering the travel time value of the passenger, the cost of the hub facility is divided into two parts of the purchase and operation cost of the facility and the time cost of the passenger generated in the operation process, and the internal exchange of the hub is established. Set up the optimization model by means of the facility to set the total cost of the transfer facilities in the hub (including the time cost of passing the passengers through the facilities and the cost of the additional transfer facilities Based on this, the paper chooses the relevant cases to study, and constructs the simulation analysis model based on Anylogic, and the simulation results verify the establishment of the facility. Set up the effectiveness of the optimization scheme. (4) Establish the "when process flow line" The flow line optimization model for the object. The whole process flow is from the time the passenger gets out of the vehicle or walks into the hub station, and stops when the passenger gets in the car or walks away from the hub station All flow processes and flow lines. The flow line can be divided into three main categories: in-out and out-of-station flow lines, in the same way In this paper, the traffic characteristics, the network configuration, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors are analyzed in the paper from four aspects: the traffic characteristics, the network structure, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors. The characteristic of the problem of passenger flow distribution. On this basis, the hub network is abstracted as the topological structure of the node and the arc, and the nodes are all the facilities in the hub, such as channel facilities, security inspection facilities, etc., according to the various facilities passed by the passengers The specific impedance is used to determine the weight of the facility; the arc is within the hub station. The paper studies and establishes the integrated passenger flow line optimization model, and the case shows that the model can optimize the various passenger flow lines in the hub, so that the large-scale passenger transport hub The total cost of the part transfer streamline is the smallest. The actual passenger transport hub is a complex social and economic system, in which the passenger behavior, the facility construction scheme and the foreign passenger flow category determined by the hub function will be the same. It is possible to significantly increase the difficulty of streamline optimization. In this paper, there are many problems in the study of the passenger transport hu
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U115
本文編號(hào)：2479230
[Abstract]:The passenger transport hub is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the layout and operation of the passenger transport hub are directly related to the operation efficiency and the passenger service level of the whole transportation network. Therefore, the design method and the passenger flow organization strategy of the passenger transport hub have always been an important subject of the attention of the transportation industry engineering practice and the scientific research workers. With the improvement of the social and economic development level in our country, the demand scale of the urban and rural residents and the demand for the service level are constantly improved, and the planning, design and operation organization of the comprehensive passenger transport hub not only has important practical significance for improving the operation quality of the hub, It also has important academic value for deepening the theory of relevant transport organization and perfecting the technical method of the transportation organization. Based on the current problems in the transportation practice of the passenger transport hub, this paper focuses on the classification and transfer efficiency of the passenger transport hub according to the existing problems in the transportation practice in China. The Analysis of Culvert, Efficiency Analysis and the Interchangeable Flow-line Organization and Optimization Method in the Passenger Transport Hub The main work of the paper includes the following Part: (1) From the planning and operation level, on the basis of analyzing the basic mechanism of the operation process of the passenger transport hub, the connotation of the passenger transport hub is carried out Based on the current national standard and industry standard, the paper analyzes the scale and quantity of the facilities and equipment in different types of passenger transport hub, and puts forward the classification of the passenger transport hub. The paper, taking the integrated passenger transport hub of the south station of Beijing and the Hongqiao Shanghai Hongqiao as an example, expounds the structure and operation process of the passenger transport hub, and uses the method proposed in this paper to analyze the case passenger transport hub. (2) Based on the movement of passengers in the passenger transport hub, the mechanism of the influence of some of the transfer organization elements on the movement behavior of the passengers is analyzed, and the time and the system passenger density of the passenger to pass through the facility are presented as the hub operation from the passenger's point of view. The evaluation index of efficiency is introduced. The paper introduces the queuing theory into the efficiency measurement in the process of hub operation, and abstracts the transfer facilities such as channels and stairs on a streamline into the multi-level multi-service desk queuing system, and studies the transfer operation process of the hub and establishes the hub transfer. The calculation model of efficiency is analyzed, and the transfer of different factors to the hub passenger is analyzed quantitatively. (3) The passenger-oriented service facilities in the passenger transport hub are used as the nodes, and the transfer service network of the passenger transport hub is constructed, and the internal change of the passenger transport hub taking into account the interests of the two sides of the supply and demand is discussed. In that cost objective function, by considering the travel time value of the passenger, the cost of the hub facility is divided into two parts of the purchase and operation cost of the facility and the time cost of the passenger generated in the operation process, and the internal exchange of the hub is established. Set up the optimization model by means of the facility to set the total cost of the transfer facilities in the hub (including the time cost of passing the passengers through the facilities and the cost of the additional transfer facilities Based on this, the paper chooses the relevant cases to study, and constructs the simulation analysis model based on Anylogic, and the simulation results verify the establishment of the facility. Set up the effectiveness of the optimization scheme. (4) Establish the "when process flow line" The flow line optimization model for the object. The whole process flow is from the time the passenger gets out of the vehicle or walks into the hub station, and stops when the passenger gets in the car or walks away from the hub station All flow processes and flow lines. The flow line can be divided into three main categories: in-out and out-of-station flow lines, in the same way In this paper, the traffic characteristics, the network configuration, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors are analyzed in the paper from four aspects: the traffic characteristics, the network structure, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors. The characteristic of the problem of passenger flow distribution. On this basis, the hub network is abstracted as the topological structure of the node and the arc, and the nodes are all the facilities in the hub, such as channel facilities, security inspection facilities, etc., according to the various facilities passed by the passengers The specific impedance is used to determine the weight of the facility; the arc is within the hub station. The paper studies and establishes the integrated passenger flow line optimization model, and the case shows that the model can optimize the various passenger flow lines in the hub, so that the large-scale passenger transport hub The total cost of the part transfer streamline is the smallest. The actual passenger transport hub is a complex social and economic system, in which the passenger behavior, the facility construction scheme and the foreign passenger flow category determined by the hub function will be the same. It is possible to significantly increase the difficulty of streamline optimization. In this paper, there are many problems in the study of the passenger transport hu
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U115
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，本文編號(hào)：2479230
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