【摘要】：在我國湖南、江西、浙江等地區(qū),特別是閩南地區(qū),分布著大量花崗巖殘積土,而花崗巖殘積土具有遇水易崩解特性,因此在開挖花崗巖殘積土隧道時要特別注意其圍巖穩(wěn)定性。本文基于國家自然科學基金項目“花崗巖殘積土隧道開挖圍巖崩解特性及其控制研究”,以福建省沙縣高砂鎮(zhèn)端西隧道為依托背景,采用室內(nèi)相似模型試驗和數(shù)值模擬方法,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場拱頂監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),對花崗巖殘積土隧道支護結(jié)構(gòu)力學特性進行了研究,本文主要研究成果如下:(1)通過大量的調(diào)研、分析和相似比計算,選用配合比W/P=0.71、水泥摻量為4%、緩凝劑摻量為0.1%的水泥石膏作為襯砌的材料。經(jīng)理論計算,隧道模型襯砌厚度為32mm。(2)基于相似比,設計了花崗巖殘積土隧道模型,開展不同隧道埋深、圍巖軟化程度、加設超前錨桿后軟化圍巖對其影響研究。試驗結(jié)果表明:隨著埋深的不斷增加,圍巖壓力、拱頂和地表沉降都先緩慢增加后急劇增加,說明隧道埋深越大,對其穩(wěn)定性影響越大。同時發(fā)現(xiàn),增加超前錨桿支護后,隨注水量的增加,各監(jiān)測點累計沉降量明顯降低,而圍巖周邊各監(jiān)測點的圍巖壓力卻均勻增加,可見采用超前錨桿對其進行預支護是可行的。(3)結(jié)合依托工程,基于FLAC3D軟件建立隧道洞口模型,在拱頂以下6.74m處,通過預設四組圍巖初始孔隙水壓力來軟化圍巖,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場拱頂監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),探討了圍巖軟化對花崗巖殘積土隧道支護結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明圍巖軟化對隧道的開挖十分不利,因此,開挖隧道前應及時處理。
[Abstract]:In Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other areas of China, especially in southern Fujian, a large number of granite residual soil is distributed, and granite residual soil has the characteristics of easily disintegrating with water. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the stability of surrounding rock in excavation of granite residual soil tunnel. Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China "study on collapse characteristics and Control of surrounding Rock excavation of Granite residual soil Tunnel", based on the background of Gaosha Town West Tunnel in Shaxian County, Fujian Province, the similar model test and numerical simulation method are adopted in the laboratory. In this paper, the mechanical properties of granite residual soil tunnel support structure are studied. The main research results are as follows: (1) through a lot of investigation, analysis and similarity ratio calculation, the mixture ratio of W _ (?) P ~ (?) (0.71) is selected, and the main results of this paper are as follows: (1) Cement gypsum with 4% cement and 0.1% retarder is used as lining material. Through theoretical calculation, the thickness of tunnel model lining is 32mm. (2) based on the similarity ratio, the granite residual soil tunnel model is designed. Different tunnel depth and softening degree of surrounding rock are carried out, and the influence of softening surrounding rock after setting advance anchor bar is studied. The experimental results show that with the increasing of buried depth, the pressure of surrounding rock, the settlement of arch roof and ground surface increase slowly at first and then increase sharply, indicating that the greater the buried depth of the tunnel is, the greater the influence on the stability of the tunnel is. At the same time, it is found that, with the increase of water injection, the cumulative settlement of each monitoring point decreases obviously, while the surrounding rock pressure of the monitoring points around the surrounding rock increases evenly with the increase of the advance bolting support. It can be seen that it is feasible to use the advance anchor bolt to pre-support it. (3) based on the project, the tunnel opening model is established based on the FLAC3D software, and the surrounding rock is softened by presetting the initial pore water pressure of four groups of surrounding rocks at 6.74 m below the arch roof. The influence of softening of surrounding rock on the retaining structure of granite residual soil tunnel is discussed based on the monitoring data of arch roof in the field. The results show that the softening of surrounding rock is very disadvantageous to the excavation of tunnel, so it should be dealt with in time before the tunnel is excavated.
【學位授予單位】：湖南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U455.7

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本文編號：2469612