TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)振動特性分析與掘進(jìn)現(xiàn)場測試研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-17 12:56
【摘要】：TBM (Full face rock tunnel boring machine)全斷面巖石隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī),是通過刀盤回轉(zhuǎn)帶動滾刀破碎巖石,開挖隧道的大型裝備,是目前開挖隧道效率高、安全經(jīng)濟(jì)、污染最小的裝備。TBM中刀盤質(zhì)量大,工作環(huán)境惡劣,是隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī)中最重要的組成部件之一。刀盤是滾刀的安裝載體,承受滾刀破碎巖石的全部載荷,由于巖石具有高強(qiáng)度、高耐磨性、高圍壓等性質(zhì),使得刀盤載荷具有強(qiáng)沖擊、大扭矩、高隨機(jī)性等特點(diǎn)。刀盤振動是引起刀盤疲勞破壞的原因之一,較大的振動將嚴(yán)重影響TBM的掘進(jìn)效率,導(dǎo)致刀盤主軸承密封失效,刀盤局部損傷,因此對刀盤動力學(xué)行為的研究十分關(guān)鍵。 本文運(yùn)用機(jī)械振動學(xué)和運(yùn)動穩(wěn)定性為理論基礎(chǔ),借助數(shù)值計(jì)算工具matlab為分析手段,以TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)為研究對象,對刀盤系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行固有特性、動力學(xué)響應(yīng)及穩(wěn)定性等方面的研究；在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步研究了不同刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)形式等因素對刀盤動力學(xué)行為的影響；最終與實(shí)際工程數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對比,驗(yàn)證了理論方法的正確性。本文工作將為刀盤系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、刀盤系統(tǒng)振動控制及刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提供一定的理論依據(jù)。本文主要研究工作如下： 首先,使用顯式動力有限元分析軟件Ls-Dyna對刀盤不同安裝位置上的盤形滾刀破巖進(jìn)行仿真,考慮地質(zhì)參數(shù)、施工參數(shù)、圍壓等因素對滾刀載荷的影響,得到單把滾刀載荷時間歷程曲線,以此為基礎(chǔ)修正并合成刀盤載荷,為后續(xù)系統(tǒng)求解提供外部激勵。 第二,使用集中質(zhì)量法,綜合考慮大齒圈和小齒輪時變嚙合剛度、誤差及嚙合齒側(cè)間隙等因素,建立TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)彎-扭-軸-擺多向耦合非線性時變動力學(xué)模型以及動力學(xué)方程,計(jì)算得到系統(tǒng)剛度、阻尼等相關(guān)內(nèi)部激勵參數(shù)。 第三,以固有特性理論為基礎(chǔ),計(jì)算得到刀盤系統(tǒng)固有振型及固有頻率,總結(jié)得到刀盤的振動模式,為避免系統(tǒng)共振提供一定的理論依據(jù)；使用Newmark數(shù)值積分方法對刀盤系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行求解,得到刀盤系統(tǒng)各構(gòu)件的振動響應(yīng)；進(jìn)一步提出非線性時變刀盤系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性判斷的方法,為參數(shù)匹配提供依據(jù)；在前面工作的基礎(chǔ)上,對刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)形式等因素對刀盤動力學(xué)行為的影響進(jìn)行分析研究,為刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、振動控制及施工參數(shù)選擇提供了參考。 第四,通過對現(xiàn)場施工環(huán)境調(diào)研,選擇傳感器型號并對傳感器安裝進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),通過采集得到的工程數(shù)據(jù)與理論求解數(shù)據(jù)的對比分析,驗(yàn)證理論方法的正確性,為刀盤系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、刀盤系統(tǒng)振動控制以及刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提供一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:TBM (Full face rock tunnel boring machine) full-section rock tunnel boring machine is a large-scale equipment that drives hob to break rock and excavate tunnel by rotating cutter head. It is high efficiency, safe and economical to excavate tunnel at present. TBM is one of the most important components of tunnel boring machine because of its high quality and bad working environment. Cutter head is the mounting carrier of hob, which bears the whole load of rock broken by hob. Because of the properties of high strength, high wear resistance and high confining pressure, the cutter head load has the characteristics of strong impact, high torque and high randomness. The vibration of the cutter head is one of the causes of the fatigue failure of the cutter head. The larger vibration will seriously affect the driving efficiency of the TBM, leading to the sealing failure of the main bearing of the cutter head and the local damage of the cutter head. Therefore, the research on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is very important. Based on the theory of mechanical vibration and motion stability, this paper studies the inherent characteristics, dynamic response and stability of the cutter-head system by using the numerical calculation tool matlab as the analytical means and taking the TBM cutter-head system as the research object. On the basis of this, the influence of different blade structure and other factors on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is further studied. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical method is verified by comparing with the actual engineering data. The work in this paper will provide a certain theoretical basis for the optimization design of the dynamic characteristics of the cutter head system, the vibration control of the cutter head system and the structure design of the cutter head. The main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, using the explicit dynamic finite element analysis software Ls-Dyna to simulate the rock breaking of disc hob in different installation positions of the cutter head, considering the geological parameters and construction parameters, Based on the influence of confining pressure and other factors on the load of hob, the time history curve of single hob load is obtained. Based on this curve, the load of cutter head is modified and synthesized, and the external excitation is provided for the solution of subsequent system. Secondly, by using the centralized mass method, the time-varying meshing stiffness, the error and the clearance of meshing teeth of large gear ring and pinion gear are considered comprehensively. The nonlinear time-varying dynamic model and dynamic equation of bending-torsion-axis-pendulum coupling for TBM cutter-head system are established. The internal excitation parameters such as stiffness and damping of the system are calculated. Thirdly, based on the inherent characteristic theory, the natural vibration mode and natural frequency of the cutter head system are calculated, and the vibration mode of the cutter head is summarized, which provides a certain theoretical basis for avoiding the resonance of the system. The vibration response of each component of the cutter head system is obtained by using the Newmark numerical integration method, and the method of judging the stability of the nonlinear time-varying cutter-head system is further proposed, which provides the basis for the matching of the parameters. On the basis of the previous work, the influence of the structure of the cutter head and other factors on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is analyzed and studied, which provides a reference for the structure design, vibration control and construction parameter selection of the cutter head. Fourthly, by investigating the field construction environment, selecting the sensor model and designing the sensor installation, the correctness of the theoretical method is verified by the comparison and analysis of the collected engineering data and the theoretical solution data. It provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of the dynamic characteristics of the cutter-head system, the vibration control of the cutter-head system and the structure design of the cutter-head.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.31
本文編號：2459464
[Abstract]:TBM (Full face rock tunnel boring machine) full-section rock tunnel boring machine is a large-scale equipment that drives hob to break rock and excavate tunnel by rotating cutter head. It is high efficiency, safe and economical to excavate tunnel at present. TBM is one of the most important components of tunnel boring machine because of its high quality and bad working environment. Cutter head is the mounting carrier of hob, which bears the whole load of rock broken by hob. Because of the properties of high strength, high wear resistance and high confining pressure, the cutter head load has the characteristics of strong impact, high torque and high randomness. The vibration of the cutter head is one of the causes of the fatigue failure of the cutter head. The larger vibration will seriously affect the driving efficiency of the TBM, leading to the sealing failure of the main bearing of the cutter head and the local damage of the cutter head. Therefore, the research on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is very important. Based on the theory of mechanical vibration and motion stability, this paper studies the inherent characteristics, dynamic response and stability of the cutter-head system by using the numerical calculation tool matlab as the analytical means and taking the TBM cutter-head system as the research object. On the basis of this, the influence of different blade structure and other factors on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is further studied. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical method is verified by comparing with the actual engineering data. The work in this paper will provide a certain theoretical basis for the optimization design of the dynamic characteristics of the cutter head system, the vibration control of the cutter head system and the structure design of the cutter head. The main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, using the explicit dynamic finite element analysis software Ls-Dyna to simulate the rock breaking of disc hob in different installation positions of the cutter head, considering the geological parameters and construction parameters, Based on the influence of confining pressure and other factors on the load of hob, the time history curve of single hob load is obtained. Based on this curve, the load of cutter head is modified and synthesized, and the external excitation is provided for the solution of subsequent system. Secondly, by using the centralized mass method, the time-varying meshing stiffness, the error and the clearance of meshing teeth of large gear ring and pinion gear are considered comprehensively. The nonlinear time-varying dynamic model and dynamic equation of bending-torsion-axis-pendulum coupling for TBM cutter-head system are established. The internal excitation parameters such as stiffness and damping of the system are calculated. Thirdly, based on the inherent characteristic theory, the natural vibration mode and natural frequency of the cutter head system are calculated, and the vibration mode of the cutter head is summarized, which provides a certain theoretical basis for avoiding the resonance of the system. The vibration response of each component of the cutter head system is obtained by using the Newmark numerical integration method, and the method of judging the stability of the nonlinear time-varying cutter-head system is further proposed, which provides the basis for the matching of the parameters. On the basis of the previous work, the influence of the structure of the cutter head and other factors on the dynamic behavior of the cutter head is analyzed and studied, which provides a reference for the structure design, vibration control and construction parameter selection of the cutter head. Fourthly, by investigating the field construction environment, selecting the sensor model and designing the sensor installation, the correctness of the theoretical method is verified by the comparison and analysis of the collected engineering data and the theoretical solution data. It provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of the dynamic characteristics of the cutter-head system, the vibration control of the cutter-head system and the structure design of the cutter-head.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.31
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