【摘要】：大件貨物主要指超重和超限的大型機(jī)械設(shè)備,如大型鉆探設(shè)備、吊裝設(shè)備等。隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和發(fā)展水平和的提高,轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式迫在眉睫,電力、石油、化工等基礎(chǔ)行業(yè)對于大型、重型化設(shè)備的需求日益增高,這些設(shè)備往往價格昂貴、外形尺寸巨大以及不可拆卸等特點,運輸對象的如上特點,增大了運輸項目的難度,這些貨物能否安全、迅速地抵達(dá)目的地,不僅將對整個國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響,而且對國家大型工程項目和國防建設(shè)具有十分重要的戰(zhàn)略意義。正是山于大件公路運輸在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的重要作用,所以,針對提高大件公路運輸安全性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性與快捷性的研究,具有重要意義。近些年以來,我國大件物流行業(yè)的規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,運輸?shù)幕A(chǔ)理論不斷完善,然而,大件運輸?shù)奶厥庑?導(dǎo)致針對大件運輸?shù)难芯繀s一直相對滯后。如何使大件設(shè)備安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、便捷的到達(dá)目的地是評判大件運輸項目順利開展的主要依據(jù)。本文在查閱大量的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合自身的工作經(jīng)驗與知識積累,研究了大件運輸項目順利完成的影響因素。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論包括：(1)針對大件公路運輸?shù)穆肪�選擇問題,首先總結(jié)了海陸空多種運輸方式的特點,比較分析了不同運輸方式優(yōu)勢與不足,得出公路運輸在大件運輸領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)越性；其次詳細(xì)介紹了公路大件運輸選線的原則、步驟和注意事項；最后,建立基于層次分析原理的大件貨物運輸路線選擇模型,并應(yīng)用此模型解決了成都某吊裝設(shè)備公司大型吊裝設(shè)備運輸路線的選擇問題。(2)針對運輸過程中沿線橋梁承載力問題,總結(jié)歸納了橋梁承載能力快速評定通用方法,分析了各種常規(guī)承載力評定方法針對大件運輸橋梁承載能力評定的局限性,繼而提出了基于有限元模型修正的大件運輸橋梁承載能力評定方法；結(jié)合大件運輸?shù)奶攸c,總結(jié)了大件運輸承載能力評定的注意事項。(3)針對沿線橋梁存在承載力不足的問題,結(jié)合運輸沿線橋梁的實際情況,綜合考慮臨時加固和永久加固兩種模式,提出了大件車輛過橋可能采用的處理方法。本課題的研究成果將為我國大件運輸中遇到的主要問題提出新的解決方法,為運輸路線的優(yōu)化提供參考,并提供一個可靠性高、消耗時問短的判斷橋梁承載狀態(tài)和承載力的方法,為承載力不足的橋梁采用合理的通行措施提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Large cargo mainly refers to overweight and out-of-limit large-scale mechanical equipment, such as large drilling equipment, lifting equipment and so on. With the expansion of the scale of China's economic construction and the improvement of the level of development, it is urgent to change the mode of economic development. The demand for large-scale, heavy-duty equipment in the basic industries such as electricity, petroleum and chemical industry is increasing day by day. These equipment are often expensive, large in size and non-detachable. The above features of the transport object increase the difficulty of the transport project, and whether these goods can reach their destination safely and rapidly. It will not only have a great influence on the development of the whole national economy, but also have a very important strategic significance to the large-scale national engineering project and the national defense construction. It is the important role of mountain road transportation in the economic development. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the safety, economy and rapidity of road transportation. In recent years, the scale of China's large-scale logistics industry continues to expand, and the basic theory of transportation is constantly improved. However, the particularity of large-scale transportation has led to the research on large-scale transportation has been relatively lagged behind. How to make the large equipment safe, economical and convenient to reach the destination is the main basis for judging the smooth development of the large-scale transportation project. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literature materials, combined with their own work experience and knowledge accumulation, this paper studies the factors affecting the successful completion of large-scale transportation projects. The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of route selection of large-scale road transportation, the characteristics of various modes of transportation by sea, land and air are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of different modes of transportation are compared and analyzed. The superiority of road transportation in the field of large-scale transportation is obtained. Secondly, it introduces in detail the principles, steps and matters needing attention of the route selection for large-scale highway transportation. Finally, based on the principle of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a model of route selection for large cargo transportation is established. The model is used to solve the problem of choosing the transportation route of the large-scale hoisting equipment in Chengdu hoisting equipment Company. (2) aiming at the bearing capacity of the bridge along the road during the transportation process, a general method for the rapid evaluation of the bearing capacity of the bridge is summarized and summarized. This paper analyzes the limitations of various conventional methods for assessing the bearing capacity of large-scale transport bridges, and then puts forward a method for assessing the carrying capacity of large-scale transport bridges based on the modified finite element model. Combined with the characteristics of large-scale transportation, this paper summarizes the matters needing attention in assessing the carrying capacity of large-scale transportation. (3) in view of the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of bridges along the lines, combined with the actual situation of bridges along the lines of transport, Considering the two modes of temporary reinforcement and permanent reinforcement, the possible treatment method for large vehicle crossing bridge is put forward. The research results of this paper will provide a new solution for the main problems encountered in large-scale transportation in China, provide a reference for the optimization of transportation routes, and provide a high reliability. The method of judging the load-bearing state and bearing capacity of the bridge with short consumption time can provide the basis for the bridge with insufficient bearing capacity to adopt reasonable traffic measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U492.336.5;U445.7

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2456242