【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,鐵路、公路等其他交通建設工程正如雨后春筍一樣涌現(xiàn)。我國是一個多丘陵和山地的國家,在山區(qū)或半山區(qū)修建公路、鐵路,為了縮短里程和降低對生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞,隧道就被廣泛應用到公路和鐵路的建設中來,在隧道設計、施工的各個階段,準確迅速地對其圍巖穩(wěn)定性作出評價,對隧道圍巖支護設計、安全施工以及后期的安全運營極為重要。因此對隧道的圍巖穩(wěn)定性進行研究具有非常重要的實踐價值和理論意義。本文以實際隧道工程為背景,根據(jù)層次分析法、模糊綜合評價等理論,研究并應用了一種基于多因素模糊綜合評價的隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性分析方法,該方法能夠準確地對圍巖的穩(wěn)定性情況作出評價,可以為隧道的設計和建設提供理論和技術的支持。主要開展的工作和獲得的創(chuàng)新性成果如下：(1)通過對隧道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性影響因素進行分析和總結(jié),獲得了九個影響圍巖穩(wěn)定性的關鍵因素,如巖體彈性模量、凝聚力、隧道埋深等等,并運用FLAC3D軟件進行了各因素在不同工況下的數(shù)值模擬研究,獲得了各影響因素對圍巖穩(wěn)定性的敏感性程度,其中巖體的彈模、凝聚力、隧道埋深、開挖方法、錨桿間距這五個因素對圍巖的穩(wěn)定性影響非常明顯。(2)結(jié)合目前隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性評價的方法,研究了多因素模糊綜合評價法理論,它包括層次分析法理論、模糊綜合評價理論、隸屬度函數(shù)以及因素權(quán)重值的確定等理論,并對多因素模糊綜合評價法在隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性評價中的具體使用方法,進行了詳細的研究。(3)選取了七個典型的隧道工程實例,考慮了九個隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響因素,對各影響因素的取值進行劃分,從一般地質(zhì)條件和特殊地質(zhì)條件(斷層)兩大方面出發(fā),通過數(shù)值模擬,獲得了各影響因素在不同工況下的圍巖穩(wěn)定性指標BI的匯總圖,建立了各影響因素的模糊隸屬數(shù)據(jù),在對圍巖的穩(wěn)定性等級進行判定時,主要是運用了圍巖強度應力比指標BI和隧道拱頂?shù)南鄬ο鲁林怠?4)運用各影響因素的模糊隸屬數(shù)據(jù),使用多因素模糊綜合評價法對實際隧道工程進行圍巖穩(wěn)定性評價,得到了其圍巖穩(wěn)定性等級,并與實際隧道工程施工、運營進行了對比,研究表明,多因素模糊綜合評價法能夠很準確地對隧道的圍巖穩(wěn)定性作出評價。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, other traffic construction projects, such as railways, highways and so on, have sprung up like bamboo shoots. China is a hilly and mountainous country. In order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, in order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, in order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, tunnels have been widely used in the construction of roads and railways, and in tunnel design. It is very important to evaluate the stability of surrounding rock accurately and quickly in every stage of construction, which is very important to the design of surrounding rock support, safe construction and safe operation in later period of tunnel. Therefore, it is of great practical value and theoretical significance to study the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel. In this paper, based on the theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and so on, a method of stability analysis of tunnel surrounding rock based on multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is studied and applied in the background of actual tunnel engineering. This method can accurately evaluate the stability of surrounding rock and can provide theoretical and technical support for tunnel design and construction. The main work and innovative results are as follows: (1) through analyzing and summarizing the factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel, nine key factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock, such as elastic modulus of rock mass and cohesion, are obtained. With the help of FLAC3D software, the sensitivity of each factor to the stability of surrounding rock is obtained, including elastic modulus of rock mass, cohesion of rock mass, depth of tunnel burial, and excavation method, and the sensitivity of each factor to the stability of surrounding rock is obtained by means of numerical simulation of each factor under different working conditions. The influence of anchor bolt spacing on the stability of surrounding rock is very obvious. (2) combined with the current evaluation method of surrounding rock stability of tunnel, the theory of multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is studied, which includes the theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The theory of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, membership function and the determination of factor weight value, and the concrete application of multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the stability evaluation of surrounding rock of tunnel. A detailed study has been carried out. (3) Seven typical tunnel engineering examples have been selected and the factors affecting the stability of the surrounding rock of nine tunnels have been taken into account, and the values of each influence factor have been classified. From the two aspects of general geological condition and special geological condition (fault), through numerical simulation, the summary diagram of the stability index BI of the surrounding rock under different working conditions is obtained, and the fuzzy membership data of each influencing factor is established. When judging the stability grade of surrounding rock, the index of strength-stress ratio (BI) of surrounding rock and the relative subsidence value of tunnel arch are mainly used. (4) the fuzzy membership data of each influencing factor are used. The multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the stability of surrounding rock in actual tunnel engineering. The stability grade of surrounding rock is obtained and compared with the construction and operation of actual tunnel engineering. The multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can accurately evaluate the surrounding rock stability of the tunnel.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U451.2

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