【摘要】：在隧道工程施工中，不可避免會穿越水平薄層狀圍巖地段，傳統(tǒng)的豎直錨固體系設計與施工方法具有容易導致人員被砸傷的危險，施工質量不易保證等缺陷。本文提出的多向傾斜組合式錨固體系采用與水平薄層狀圍巖傾斜向錨桿和垂直巖層錨桿相結合的方式來支護圍巖，通過對傾斜向錨桿和垂直向錨桿在空間布置、施工時間上的優(yōu)化設計來完成圍巖的錨固施工，保證施工的安全。論文結合實際隧道施工采用理論分析、力學公式推導、數(shù)值模擬等手段主要開展了以下工作： （1）分析了水平薄層狀巖體的結構特征和失穩(wěn)機理，水平薄層狀巖體的破壞主要受到結構面和層理面控制，其常見的破壞方式是頂板因離層發(fā)生彎折塌落破壞，，總結了四種隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性判別依據(jù)及隧道圍巖失穩(wěn)的影響因素，通過力學模型具體闡明了隧道水平薄層狀圍巖的失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象以及影響其失穩(wěn)的相關因子。 （2）通過理論分析確定了采用隧道錨桿支護圍巖可以有效的減少圍巖的徑向位移，對維護隧道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性具有重要的意義，并針對隧道水平薄層狀圍巖中采用的錨固支護，總結了相應的錨桿錨固作用機理。 （3）提出了隧道水平薄層狀圍巖多向傾斜組合式錨固體系，理論計算驗證其具有和傳統(tǒng)的垂直層面錨固方式相同的錨固圍巖效果。 （4）以某水平薄層狀圍巖隧道工程為研究背景，應用FLAC3D軟件進行數(shù)值模擬，研究了多向傾斜組合式錨固體系中傾斜錨桿以不同傾向、傾角和間距錨固圍巖的效果，結合實際隧道施工對新錨固體系的參數(shù)進行了優(yōu)化，并對其具體布置形式和安設方法作了詳細的說明。 （5）結合水平薄層狀圍巖隧道的施工情況，提出了多向傾斜組合錨固體系的鉆孔質量、錨桿質量、錨固質量及整體支護效果的評價方法。 本文對水平薄層狀圍巖隧道的穩(wěn)定性進行了系統(tǒng)而全面的研究，基于水平薄層狀圍巖隧道的地質特點、圍巖的力學特性以及傳統(tǒng)的豎直圍巖錨固系統(tǒng)的不足，結合隧道實際施工，提出多向傾斜組合式錨固體系。新體系不僅能滿足錨固的需求，同時也能降低施工風險，保證施工人員的生命安全，提高隧道施工質量，對此類圍巖情況的隧道開挖支護設計、施工具有很好的指導、借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In the construction of tunnel engineering, it is inevitable to pass through the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock section. The traditional design and construction method of vertical anchoring system has the defects of easily causing people to be smashed and injured, and the construction quality is not easy to guarantee. In this paper, the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system is proposed to support the surrounding rock by combining with the horizontal thin-layer wall rock inclined anchor rod and the vertical rock layer anchor rod, and through the arrangement of the inclined anchor rod and the vertical anchor rod in the space. Construction time optimization design to complete the surrounding rock anchoring construction, to ensure the safety of construction. Combined with the actual tunnel construction, the paper mainly carried out the following work by means of theoretical analysis, mechanical formula derivation and numerical simulation. (1) the structural characteristics and instability mechanism of horizontal thin-layer rock mass were analyzed. The failure of horizontal thin-layer rock mass is mainly controlled by the structural plane and the bedding plane. The common failure mode is the collapse of the roof due to the separation of the strata. Four criteria for judging the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the influencing factors for the instability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel are summarized. Through the mechanical model, the instability phenomenon of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock and the related factors affecting its instability are expounded in detail. (2) through theoretical analysis, it is determined that the radial displacement of surrounding rock can be reduced effectively by using bolt support of tunnel, and it is of great significance to maintain the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel, and aiming at the anchoring support used in the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock of tunnel, The anchoring mechanism is summarized. (3) the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock is put forward, and the theoretical calculation proves that it has the same anchoring effect as the traditional vertical plane anchoring method. (4) based on the research background of a horizontal and thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel project, the effect of anchoring surrounding rock with different inclination, inclination angle and spacing in multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is studied by using FLAC3D software. The parameters of the new anchoring system are optimized in combination with the actual tunnel construction, and the concrete arrangement forms and installation methods are explained in detail. (5) combined with the construction of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the evaluation method of drilling hole quality, bolt quality, anchoring quality and overall supporting effect of multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is put forward. This paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Based on the geological characteristics of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and the shortcomings of the traditional vertical surrounding rock anchoring system, the paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Combined with the actual construction of the tunnel, the multi-directional inclined combined Anchorage system is put forward. The new system can not only meet the demand of anchoring, but also reduce the risk of construction, ensure the safety of construction personnel, improve the quality of tunnel construction, and provide good guidance for the design of tunnel excavation and support in this kind of surrounding rock situation. Reference significance.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U451.2

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 耿大新,楊林德;層狀巖體的力學特性及數(shù)值模擬分析[J];地下空間;2003年04期

2 王成;;隧道系統(tǒng)錨桿設計計算理論研究[J];重慶交通大學學報(自然科學版);2008年01期

3 閆永杰;翁其能;吳秉其;田衛(wèi)明;;水平層狀圍巖隧道頂板變形特征及機理分析[J];重慶交通大學學報(自然科學版);2011年S1期

4 鐘放平;;水平層狀圍巖隧道錨噴支護參數(shù)優(yōu)化試驗研究[J];鐵道科學與工程學報;2008年01期

5 任鳳玉;丁航行;張東紅;張晉軍;;緩傾斜層狀巖體巷道斷面形狀與支護方式[J];東北大學學報(自然科學版);2011年01期

6 廖軍;劉鵬;;水平巖層公路隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的物理模擬研究[J];公路交通科技(應用技術版);2010年10期

7 王春景;;緩傾層狀巖體隧道開挖變形特征與機理分析[J];公路交通科技(應用技術版);2011年07期

8 劉宇峰;徐建華;;水平層狀薄層板巖隧道坍塌失穩(wěn)機理分析及處治[J];中外公路;2012年04期

9 曾開華;王春光;王桂蓮;楊生彬;;底角錨桿抗剪特性研究[J];金屬礦山;2009年02期

10 宋建波;用Hoek-Brown準則估算層狀巖體強度的方法[J];礦業(yè)研究與開發(fā);2001年06期

本文編號：2399806