基于BP算法的水泥混凝土攪拌設(shè)備稱量控制系統(tǒng)的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-28 17:23
【摘要】：水泥路面以其價(jià)格便宜、使用壽命長(zhǎng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到人們的關(guān)注。水泥混凝土攪拌站是用來生產(chǎn)路面混凝土的專用設(shè)備，攪拌站的性能好壞直接影響水泥混凝土成品的質(zhì)量進(jìn)而影響水泥路面成型后的抗折強(qiáng)度與使用壽命，因此研究水泥混凝土攪拌設(shè)備具有非常重要的意義。 針對(duì)配料控制系統(tǒng)工作的實(shí)際情況，對(duì)配料控制算法進(jìn)行了研究和改進(jìn)。傳統(tǒng)攪拌站采用迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制法，實(shí)際應(yīng)用中發(fā)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制法的不足：迭代速度慢、相對(duì)誤差波動(dòng)大，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了基于BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的迭代控制法。 設(shè)計(jì)了基于STC90C58RD+單片機(jī)稱量顯示控制器。選用高線性度的稱重傳感器；MAX9618放大器的失調(diào)電壓極低，設(shè)計(jì)放大倍數(shù)為120；采用24位的ADS1256模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器，，獨(dú)特的Σ—Δ型調(diào)制器配合PGA以及數(shù)字濾波器大大提高了轉(zhuǎn)換精度，同時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換器內(nèi)部集成的多路控制器克服了攪拌站各個(gè)傳感器需要單獨(dú)配置稱量?jī)x表的缺點(diǎn)，降低了控制系統(tǒng)的成本。介紹了每個(gè)芯片接線方案以及布線、電源、接地的抗干擾措施。 設(shè)計(jì)了稱重顯示控制器主程序模塊、鍵盤模塊、AD轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、LED顯示模塊的軟件流程，實(shí)現(xiàn)了各個(gè)模塊的功能。并且通過Proteus仿真對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。并從實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果中得出稱重控制顯示器在25%以上的量程范圍內(nèi)稱量相對(duì)誤差小于0.08%，滿足規(guī)范要求，可以說相較于其他稱重控制器本文設(shè)計(jì)的稱重控制器稱量精度更加準(zhǔn)確。 傳統(tǒng)攪拌站水秤結(jié)構(gòu)存在相當(dāng)大的缺陷，較大的水擊危害降低了水秤氣動(dòng)碟閥的使用壽命而且稱量精度較低，同時(shí)鑒于外加劑摻量和水灰比對(duì)混凝土的質(zhì)量有著非常大的影響，因此設(shè)計(jì)了同樣適用于外加劑秤的新型水秤，內(nèi)部蓄水箱能夠有效減小水擊危害，同時(shí)結(jié)合BP神經(jīng)迭代學(xué)習(xí)法設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的控制流程，提高了水稱量精度。
[Abstract]:Cement pavement has attracted much attention because of its low price and long service life. Cement concrete mixing station is a special equipment used to produce pavement concrete. The performance of mixing station directly affects the quality of cement concrete finished product and then affects the flexural strength and service life of cement pavement after forming. Therefore, it is of great significance to study cement concrete mixing equipment. According to the actual situation of batching control system, the algorithm of batching control is studied and improved. The traditional mixing station adopts iterative learning control method. In practical application, the shortcomings of the traditional iterative learning control method are found: the iterative speed is slow and the relative error fluctuates greatly. On this basis, an iterative control method based on BP neural network is proposed. A weighing display controller based on STC90C58RD microcontroller is designed. The MAX9618 amplifier has a very low offset voltage and a design magnification of 120; Using 24-bit ADS1256 A / D converter, the unique 危-螖 modulator with PGA and digital filter greatly improves the conversion accuracy. At the same time, the multiplex controller integrated in the converter overcomes the shortcoming that each sensor in the mixing station needs to be equipped with weighing instruments separately, and the cost of the control system is reduced. The connection scheme of each chip and the anti-interference measures of wiring, power supply and grounding are introduced. The software flow of the main program module, keyboard module, AD conversion module and LED display module of the weighing display controller is designed, and the functions of each module are realized. The design scheme is tested by Proteus simulation. From the experimental results, the relative error of weighing control display is less than 0.08 in the range of more than 25%, which meets the requirements of the specification. It can be said that the weighing accuracy of the weighing controller designed in this paper is more accurate than that of other weighing controllers. The structure of water balance in traditional mixing station has quite big defects, the great harm of water hammer reduces the service life of pneumatic disc valve of water scale and the weighing precision is low, at the same time, considering the influence of admixture and water-cement ratio on the quality of concrete, Therefore, a new type of water scale is designed, which is also suitable for admixture scales. The internal water storage tank can effectively reduce the damage of water hammer. At the same time, combined with the BP neural iterative learning method, the corresponding control flow is designed, and the accuracy of water weighing is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U415.52
本文編號(hào)：2394226
[Abstract]:Cement pavement has attracted much attention because of its low price and long service life. Cement concrete mixing station is a special equipment used to produce pavement concrete. The performance of mixing station directly affects the quality of cement concrete finished product and then affects the flexural strength and service life of cement pavement after forming. Therefore, it is of great significance to study cement concrete mixing equipment. According to the actual situation of batching control system, the algorithm of batching control is studied and improved. The traditional mixing station adopts iterative learning control method. In practical application, the shortcomings of the traditional iterative learning control method are found: the iterative speed is slow and the relative error fluctuates greatly. On this basis, an iterative control method based on BP neural network is proposed. A weighing display controller based on STC90C58RD microcontroller is designed. The MAX9618 amplifier has a very low offset voltage and a design magnification of 120; Using 24-bit ADS1256 A / D converter, the unique 危-螖 modulator with PGA and digital filter greatly improves the conversion accuracy. At the same time, the multiplex controller integrated in the converter overcomes the shortcoming that each sensor in the mixing station needs to be equipped with weighing instruments separately, and the cost of the control system is reduced. The connection scheme of each chip and the anti-interference measures of wiring, power supply and grounding are introduced. The software flow of the main program module, keyboard module, AD conversion module and LED display module of the weighing display controller is designed, and the functions of each module are realized. The design scheme is tested by Proteus simulation. From the experimental results, the relative error of weighing control display is less than 0.08 in the range of more than 25%, which meets the requirements of the specification. It can be said that the weighing accuracy of the weighing controller designed in this paper is more accurate than that of other weighing controllers. The structure of water balance in traditional mixing station has quite big defects, the great harm of water hammer reduces the service life of pneumatic disc valve of water scale and the weighing precision is low, at the same time, considering the influence of admixture and water-cement ratio on the quality of concrete, Therefore, a new type of water scale is designed, which is also suitable for admixture scales. The internal water storage tank can effectively reduce the damage of water hammer. At the same time, combined with the BP neural iterative learning method, the corresponding control flow is designed, and the accuracy of water weighing is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U415.52
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