基于復雜網絡同步的城市公共交通網絡的平衡性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 00:36
【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國城市化進程的快速發(fā)展以及政府對交通的重視及投入,城市公共交通設施越來越完善,但公共交通的發(fā)展始終無法緩解城市交通擁堵問題。目前,將城市公共交通系統(tǒng)抽象為復雜網絡,相關的拓撲統(tǒng)計量在交通網絡中被賦予不同的含義,利用復雜網絡理論分析城市各種特性的研究得到了廣泛關注。很多學者已經對城市公交網絡系統(tǒng)進行了研究,但大部分文獻僅僅涉及到它的靜態(tài)特征以及穩(wěn)定性分析兩方面,大致可以劃分為兩大類:一類是對交通網絡拓撲性質的研究;一類是在拓撲性質研究的基礎上,進一步考慮網絡的可靠性或魯棒性與結構優(yōu)化的研究。在對公共交通進行研究時,隨著問題計算復雜性及問題規(guī)模的不斷擴大,傳統(tǒng)的方法遇到了很大的困難,必須從新的視角去探討城市公交網絡的結構特性和動力學性質。所以,若對城市公交網絡進行系統(tǒng)的研究,不僅要考察城市公交網絡拓撲本身的結構特征,更重要的是通過考慮城市交通本身所具有的動力學特性,從宏觀上揭示產生交通擁堵的機理,尋找影響公共交通正常運營以及交通擁堵的原因,為有效地改善道路交通環(huán)境提供理論依據。基于上述的討論,本文將復雜網絡的同步理論應用于城市公共交通網絡。針對城市公交網絡的特征,分別構建了多重邊和多重權重城市復雜公交網絡模型,重新定義兩種網絡的一些靜態(tài)指標及其在交通網絡中的含義。研究兩種公交網絡的自適應同步,并利用其“動態(tài)”地研究公共交通系統(tǒng)的一些常用指標,如乘客流量、發(fā)車頻次等對整個公交網絡的影響,從理論上全面系統(tǒng)深入地研究了交通網絡系統(tǒng)的內在運行規(guī)律和機制。此研究對交通管理部門進行規(guī)劃、設計和管理具有很大的借鑒意義,進而為緩解交通擁堵、制定阻塞疏導方案,完善交通網絡結構和進行有效地交通控制服務。綜上所述,本文進行了以下研究與探討:(1)本文對國內和國外的一些相關文獻進行全面分析和總結,對復雜公共交通網絡問題的研究成果及研究現(xiàn)狀進行剖析,繼而指出當前研究存在的弊端和不足,并以此為基礎,引出本文研究的主要內容。(2)闡述復雜網絡的基本知識和網絡特征,深入研究具有時滯以及時變時滯的復雜網絡的同步方法,給出其自適應同步的準則。(3)在已有的城市公交網絡模型的基礎上,構建多重邊復雜公交網絡模型,重新定義此網絡模型的一些靜態(tài)指標,并提出了新的指標,如方向度和節(jié)點強度等,同時賦予它們在交通網絡中的含義。(4)建立多重邊復雜公交網絡模型,并將其拆分為多個單邊的子網絡,給出在含有時滯以及時變時滯的情況下多重邊復雜公交網絡的同步準則。利用乘客流量、發(fā)車頻次等參數對公交網絡同步效果的影響,討論整個多重邊復雜公交網絡的平衡性,并建立隊長消散模型模擬發(fā)車頻次對乘客滯留時間的影響。(5)考慮復雜網絡邊上可以存在多個不同性質的權重,令公共交通系統(tǒng)的幾個參數作為復雜網絡邊上不同的權重,構建多重權重復雜公交網絡模型并重新定義它的一些靜態(tài)指標,如點權、點權相似度和邊權等。將多重權重復雜公交網絡拆分為多個單權重的子網絡,給出在含有時滯以及時變時滯的情況下的同步準則。利用其同步效果的不同,討論公共交通網絡的一些參數對整個公交網絡平衡的影響。(6)采用一種新的建模方法,對于公共交通中的某個交通樞紐站,以經過此樞紐的不同公交線路作為網絡的節(jié)點,構建多重權重城市公交樞紐網絡模型。在某條公交線路運營失效和增加一條公交線路兩種情況下,討論多重權重復雜公交樞紐網絡的平衡性。分別考慮在高峰期和某條公交線路人數突增兩情況下,討論發(fā)車頻次對整個多重權重復雜公交樞紐網絡平衡性的影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the urbanization process in China and the emphasis and input of the government on the traffic, the urban public transport facilities are becoming more and more perfect, but the development of public transport has always been unable to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. At present, the urban public transport system is abstracted as a complex network, the related topological statistics are given different meanings in the traffic network, and the research of various characteristics of the city is analyzed by using the complex network theory. Many scholars have studied the urban public transit network system, but most of the literature is related to the static characteristics and the stability analysis, which can be divided into two main categories: one is the study of the traffic network topological property; In this paper, the reliability or robustness of the network and the research of the structure optimization are further considered on the basis of the study of the topological property. In the study of public transport, with the increasing complexity of the problem and the expansion of the scale of the problem, the traditional method has encountered great difficulties, and it is necessary to explore the structural and dynamic properties of the urban public transit network from a new perspective. Therefore, if the system research of the urban public transit network is carried out, not only the structural characteristics of the urban public transit network topology itself but also the dynamic characteristics of the urban traffic itself are considered, the mechanism of the traffic jam is revealed from the macro level, Find out the causes of the normal operation of public transport and the traffic congestion, and provide the theoretical basis for effectively improving the road traffic environment. Based on the above-mentioned discussion, this paper applies the synchronization theory of the complex network to the urban public transport network. In view of the characteristics of the urban public transit network, the multi-side and multi-weight urban complex bus network model is constructed, and some static indexes of the two networks and their meanings in the traffic network are re-defined. The self-adaptive synchronization of the two public transport networks is studied, and some common indexes of the public transport system, such as the passenger flow rate and the departure frequency, are studied in the 鈥渄ynamic鈥，
本文編號：2375531
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the urbanization process in China and the emphasis and input of the government on the traffic, the urban public transport facilities are becoming more and more perfect, but the development of public transport has always been unable to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. At present, the urban public transport system is abstracted as a complex network, the related topological statistics are given different meanings in the traffic network, and the research of various characteristics of the city is analyzed by using the complex network theory. Many scholars have studied the urban public transit network system, but most of the literature is related to the static characteristics and the stability analysis, which can be divided into two main categories: one is the study of the traffic network topological property; In this paper, the reliability or robustness of the network and the research of the structure optimization are further considered on the basis of the study of the topological property. In the study of public transport, with the increasing complexity of the problem and the expansion of the scale of the problem, the traditional method has encountered great difficulties, and it is necessary to explore the structural and dynamic properties of the urban public transit network from a new perspective. Therefore, if the system research of the urban public transit network is carried out, not only the structural characteristics of the urban public transit network topology itself but also the dynamic characteristics of the urban traffic itself are considered, the mechanism of the traffic jam is revealed from the macro level, Find out the causes of the normal operation of public transport and the traffic congestion, and provide the theoretical basis for effectively improving the road traffic environment. Based on the above-mentioned discussion, this paper applies the synchronization theory of the complex network to the urban public transport network. In view of the characteristics of the urban public transit network, the multi-side and multi-weight urban complex bus network model is constructed, and some static indexes of the two networks and their meanings in the traffic network are re-defined. The self-adaptive synchronization of the two public transport networks is studied, and some common indexes of the public transport system, such as the passenger flow rate and the departure frequency, are studied in the 鈥渄ynamic鈥，
本文編號：2375531
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