【摘要】：隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人民生活水平的提高,機(jī)動車保有量日益增加,交通擁堵已成為我國各大城市必須面臨的一大難題。城市道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個復(fù)雜的巨系統(tǒng),復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為研究復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的重要工具之一,受到了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對交通系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性做了大量的研究,但這些研究大多建立在靜態(tài)平衡配流理論的基礎(chǔ)上,很少考慮交通流在交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的動態(tài)演化過程,幾乎沒有考慮出行者在出行過程中的動態(tài)路徑選擇行為,這與現(xiàn)實不符。因此,本論文基于動態(tài)用戶平衡理論,建立了GS-CTM動態(tài)交通分配仿真模型,該模型能夠較好地仿真交通流的動態(tài)特性,用戶的動態(tài)路徑選擇行為,同時也能仿真網(wǎng)絡(luò)上交通擁堵的產(chǎn)生、傳播及消散等交通流特性,以此分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)對交通流運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生的影響。 本論文結(jié)合復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論和GS-CTM動態(tài)交通分配仿真模型,對不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)下的交通流進(jìn)行了仿真研究,主要研究工作包括以下幾個方面： (1)將Green shields模型里的速密關(guān)系引入到CTM模型中,建立了GS-CTM動態(tài)交通分配仿真模型,同時對路段阻抗和路徑選擇等關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行了研究,并給出了GS-CTM模型的求解算法。 (2)對不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)下的城市交通流運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行了仿真研究。運(yùn)用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論編寫MATLAB程序,隨機(jī)生成了三種不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)：規(guī)則網(wǎng)絡(luò)、小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)和隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。以GS-CTM動態(tài)交通分配仿真模型為基礎(chǔ),開發(fā)了GS-CTM動態(tài)交通分配仿真平臺,比較了網(wǎng)絡(luò)平均行程速度、網(wǎng)絡(luò)平均車流密度、網(wǎng)絡(luò)總阻抗、網(wǎng)絡(luò)總延誤等各項交通流指標(biāo),發(fā)現(xiàn)在三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)中,隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)交通流運(yùn)行效率最高,是一種較好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),其次是小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò),最差的是規(guī)則網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 (3)對不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)下的城市交通擁堵演化進(jìn)行了仿真研究。分別從全局和局部角度分析了不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)下的交通擁堵演化特性,全局角度主要分析了不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)交通擁堵瓶頸的產(chǎn)生、規(guī)模、消散等特征,局部角度主要分析了網(wǎng)絡(luò)中部分路段對周邊交通及網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)生的影響。通過仿真分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)能承受較大的交通需求,抵抗擁堵能力較強(qiáng),網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能較好。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's social economy, the improvement of people's living standard and the increasing number of motor vehicles, traffic jam has become a big problem that every big city of our country must face. The urban road traffic network is a complex giant system. As one of the important tools to study the complex system, the complex network has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the complexity of traffic system, but most of these studies are based on static equilibrium flow theory, and seldom consider the dynamic evolution process of traffic flow in traffic network. The dynamic path selection behavior of travelers in the travel process is hardly considered, which is inconsistent with reality. Therefore, based on the theory of dynamic user balance, the GS-CTM dynamic traffic assignment simulation model is established in this paper. The model can simulate the dynamic characteristics of traffic flow and the dynamic path selection behavior of users. At the same time, it can also simulate the traffic flow characteristics such as the generation, propagation and dissipation of traffic congestion on the network, so as to analyze the influence of network structure on the traffic flow operation. Based on the complex network theory and GS-CTM dynamic traffic assignment simulation model, the traffic flow under different network structure is simulated in this paper. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1) the rapid-density relation in Green shields model is introduced into CTM model, and the simulation model of GS-CTM dynamic traffic assignment is established. At the same time, the key problems such as section impedance and path selection are studied, and the algorithm of solving GS-CTM model is given. (2) the operation characteristics of urban traffic flow under different network structure are simulated. Using complex network theory to write MATLAB program, three different network structures are randomly generated: regular network, small world network and random network. Based on the GS-CTM dynamic traffic assignment simulation model, the GS-CTM dynamic traffic assignment simulation platform is developed. The traffic flow indexes such as average travel speed, average vehicle flow density, total network impedance and total network delay are compared. It is found that among the three networks, stochastic network has the highest efficiency of traffic flow, which is a better network structure, followed by a small world network, and the worst one is a regular network. (3) the evolution of urban traffic congestion under different network structure is simulated. The evolution characteristics of traffic congestion in different networks are analyzed from the global and local perspectives respectively. The global perspective mainly analyzes the characteristics of traffic congestion bottlenecks in different network structures, such as the generation, scale, dissipation, and so on. The influence of some sections of the network on the surrounding traffic and the network is mainly analyzed from the local point of view. Through simulation analysis, it is found that the stochastic network can withstand large traffic demand, has strong ability to resist congestion, and has better network performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.112

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