【摘要】：近年來，隨著國(guó)家基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展，大跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋梁以其跨越能力大、整體性和連續(xù)性好、行車平順舒適、橋型簡(jiǎn)潔美觀、經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)，成為我國(guó)公路建設(shè)中最主要的橋型之一。但橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)長(zhǎng)期在自然環(huán)境與使用條件下逐漸老化、損傷甚至破壞，影響到結(jié)構(gòu)物的安全性和使用功能。因此，掌握橋梁的性能狀況，準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)的退化趨勢(shì)對(duì)大跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋梁的維護(hù)管理意義重大。本文基于橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)可靠度β，采用基于數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)的可靠性分析方法，建立了大跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋梁基于開裂和跨中撓度的退化預(yù)測(cè)模型，提出了基于遺傳算法的橋梁最優(yōu)維護(hù)管理策略，本論文主要的研究工作包括： (1)介紹了傳統(tǒng)的一次二階矩法和兩種數(shù)值模擬方法—蒙特卡羅法和響應(yīng)面法各自的基本原理、特點(diǎn)以及算法步驟。通過薄板算例，利用ANSYS程序中APDL語(yǔ)言編制命令流程序，分別用蒙特卡羅法和響應(yīng)面法對(duì)其進(jìn)行可靠度計(jì)算。并對(duì)比分析了兩種數(shù)值模擬方法的計(jì)算結(jié)果以及各自的運(yùn)算特點(diǎn)。 (2)以大跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土梁橋北江特大橋工程為背景，，利用ANSYS程序中的參數(shù)化語(yǔ)言（APDL）編寫命令流文件，實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)建模以及分析過程的自動(dòng)化；采用基于數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)的響應(yīng)面法，對(duì)影響結(jié)構(gòu)正常使用極限狀態(tài)下的裂縫及跨中撓度進(jìn)行了可靠性分析。 (3)根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)提出的混凝土強(qiáng)度退化機(jī)理以及鋼筋腐蝕規(guī)律，建立了混凝土強(qiáng)度時(shí)變模型以及考慮腐蝕鋼筋的截面積和強(qiáng)度的時(shí)變模型。并將抗力的各隨機(jī)變量的時(shí)變模型引入基于數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)的響應(yīng)面法的時(shí)變可靠度計(jì)算程序中，對(duì)北江特大橋進(jìn)行了裂縫及跨中撓度的時(shí)變可靠度分析。 (4)在北江大橋無維護(hù)活動(dòng)時(shí)基于裂縫和跨中撓度的可靠指標(biāo)劣化曲線基礎(chǔ)上，采用遺傳算法，編寫了最優(yōu)維護(hù)策略程序，對(duì)大跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土梁橋的維護(hù)策略進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，計(jì)算得到了北江特大橋在壽命周期內(nèi)的最優(yōu)維護(hù)管理計(jì)劃以及相應(yīng)的維護(hù)成本。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of national infrastructure construction, long-span prestressed concrete bridges have a series of advantages, such as large span capacity, good integrity and continuity, smooth and comfortable driving, simple and beautiful bridge type, economic and practical, etc. It has become one of the most important bridges in highway construction in China. However, the bridge structure is aging, damaged and even destroyed in the natural environment and service conditions for a long time, which affects the safety and use function of the structure. Therefore, it is of great significance for the maintenance and management of long-span prestressed concrete bridges to grasp the performance of bridges and accurately predict the structural degradation trend. In this paper, based on the reliability 尾 of bridge structure and the reliability analysis method based on numerical simulation technique, a degradation prediction model of long-span prestressed concrete bridge based on crack and mid-span deflection is established. The optimal maintenance and management strategy of bridge based on genetic algorithm is proposed. The main work of this thesis is as follows: (1) the basic principles, characteristics and steps of the traditional first-order second-moment method and two numerical simulation methods-Monte Carlo method and response surface method are introduced. Through the example of thin plate, the command flow program is compiled by APDL language in ANSYS program, and the reliability of the program is calculated by Monte Carlo method and response surface method, respectively. The results of two numerical simulation methods and their characteristics are compared and analyzed. (2) under the background of Bei Jiang Bridge Project of long-span prestressed concrete beam bridge, the command flow file is compiled by using the parameterized language (APDL) in ANSYS program to realize the automation of structural modeling and analysis process; The response surface method based on numerical simulation technique is used to analyze the reliability of cracks and mid-span deflection under the limit state of normal use of the structure. (3) according to the mechanism of concrete strength degradation and the rule of reinforcement corrosion, the time-varying model of concrete strength and the time-varying model considering the section area and strength of corroded steel bar are established. The time-varying model of each random variable of resistance is introduced into the time-varying reliability calculation program of response surface method based on numerical simulation technology, and the time-varying reliability analysis of the crack and mid-span deflection of Beijiang Bridge is carried out. (4) on the basis of reliable index deterioration curve of crack and mid-span deflection of Beijiang Bridge without maintenance, the optimal maintenance strategy program is compiled by genetic algorithm to optimize the maintenance strategy of long-span prestressed concrete beam bridge. The optimal maintenance management plan and the corresponding maintenance cost of Beijiang Bridge during its life cycle are calculated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U445.7

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