【摘要】：西藏東南部地區(qū)地形以高山峽谷為主，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以山地森林系統(tǒng)為主，對(duì)水源涵養(yǎng)、保護(hù)土壤、調(diào)節(jié)氣候等具有重要作用。由于藏東南地區(qū)海拔較高，氣候條件惡劣，同時(shí)許多地域地質(zhì)條件不穩(wěn)定，因此該區(qū)域山地森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)較為脆弱，一經(jīng)破壞恢復(fù)比較困難。隨著西藏“十二五”公路交通發(fā)展規(guī)劃和西藏交通“超常規(guī)”項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施，該區(qū)域公路建設(shè)規(guī)模不斷加大，公路建設(shè)對(duì)該區(qū)域的生態(tài)影響也會(huì)加大，不但破壞當(dāng)?shù)氐闹脖�，，�?dǎo)致水土流失，而且也會(huì)影響到野生動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)，對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的完整性造成一定影響。 本文在研究了藏東南高原山區(qū)地形、氣候、水文等生態(tài)環(huán)境和公路建設(shè)概況以及經(jīng)濟(jì)概況的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合近年西藏公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，分析評(píng)價(jià)公路建設(shè)過(guò)程中路基、橋梁、隧道等永久占地和取土場(chǎng)、砂石料場(chǎng)、棄渣場(chǎng)等臨時(shí)占地對(duì)周邊生態(tài)環(huán)境、動(dòng)植物以及沿線(xiàn)景觀(guān)可能產(chǎn)生的影響，并針對(duì)性的提出在公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目中應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)措施以及動(dòng)植物保護(hù)措施，在實(shí)際工程項(xiàng)目中進(jìn)行應(yīng)用，分析生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)措施的應(yīng)用效果，作為今后公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)的參考。
[Abstract]:The topography of southeast Tibet is dominated by mountains and canyons, and the ecosystem is dominated by mountain forest system, which plays an important role in water conservation, soil protection and climate regulation. Due to the high altitude, poor climatic conditions and unstable geological conditions in southeast Tibet, the mountainous forest ecosystem in this region is relatively fragile and difficult to recover once destroyed. With the implementation of Tibet's 12th Five-Year Plan for Highway Traffic Development and the implementation of the Tibet Traffic "Supernormal" project, the scale of highway construction in this region has been continuously increased, and the ecological impact of highway construction on the region will also be increased, not only destroying the local vegetation, but also increasing the ecological impact of the highway construction on the region. It also affects the growth of wildlife and the integrity of local ecosystem. On the basis of studying the ecological environment, such as topography, climate, hydrology, and general situation of highway construction and economic situation in mountainous area of southeast Tibet Plateau, this paper analyzes and evaluates the roadbed and bridge in the course of highway construction by combining with the Tibet highway construction project in recent years. The possible impact of temporary occupation of land on the surrounding ecological environment, animals and plants and the landscape along the route, such as tunnels and other permanent occupation sites, sand and gravel fields, and other temporary occupation sites, The ecological environmental protection measures and animal and plant protection measures that should be taken in highway construction projects are put forward, and the application of ecological environmental protection measures in actual engineering projects is analyzed, and the application effects of ecological environmental protection measures are analyzed. As the reference of ecological environment protection in highway construction project in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X171;U412

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