發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-07 18:22

【摘要】：在信號(hào)控制交叉口人行橫道處行人流密度較大時(shí)，行人之間相互干擾以及人車之間的沖突極為嚴(yán)重，影響行人及機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)行速度，造成整個(gè)交叉路口運(yùn)行效率的降低；同時(shí)，在人行橫道處由于信號(hào)配時(shí)較長或過街設(shè)施設(shè)置的不足，行人等待時(shí)間過長以及從眾心理等因素造成行人強(qiáng)行違章過街，對(duì)交叉口內(nèi)正常行駛的車輛造成嚴(yán)重影響，給行人過街帶來巨大安全隱患；因此，，采用合理的行人過街形式對(duì)信號(hào)控制交叉口機(jī)動(dòng)車及行人過街的安全與效率具有重要的影響。 本文以主主道路相交的雙向六車道信號(hào)控制交叉口為研究對(duì)象，假設(shè)各進(jìn)口道機(jī)動(dòng)車雙向流量相等且設(shè)有左轉(zhuǎn)專用信號(hào)相位；通過信號(hào)控制交叉口行人及機(jī)動(dòng)車交通特性分析，明晰行人過街人車沖突機(jī)理，建立行人機(jī)動(dòng)車可插間隙模型；在經(jīng)典二維元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上建立機(jī)動(dòng)車跟馳、慢啟動(dòng)及轉(zhuǎn)向選擇規(guī)則和行人過街行為選擇、過街跟隨及超越等規(guī)則，疊加形成二維人車交互運(yùn)行元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型；選取行人流量、機(jī)動(dòng)車流量、右轉(zhuǎn)車比例及信號(hào)配時(shí)等因素作為參變量構(gòu)建仿真方案；以平均延誤作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)，對(duì)無行人干擾條件下的多因子相互組合的方案進(jìn)行仿真并計(jì)算平均延誤值，篩選出能夠滿足機(jī)動(dòng)車通行特定服務(wù)水平的仿真方案作為合格方案；在合格方案的基礎(chǔ)上加載行人影響因子重新仿真并計(jì)算平均延誤值；根據(jù)行人過街和機(jī)動(dòng)車通行服務(wù)水平確定行人過街形式適用性判別依據(jù)，在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)比分析各仿真方案中的行人過街和機(jī)動(dòng)車通行的平均延誤值，確定多變量組合影響下的行人過街形式的適用條件,為城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)部門及交通管理與控制部門提供一定的決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:When the density of pedestrian flow at signal-controlled intersection is high, the interference between pedestrians and conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles is very serious, which affects the running speed of pedestrians and motor vehicles, resulting in the reduction of the operation efficiency of the whole intersection. At the same time, due to the longer signal timing at the crosswalk or the insufficient facilities for crossing the street, the long waiting time for pedestrians and the crowd psychology caused the pedestrians to cross the street forcibly, which seriously affected the normal traffic at the intersection. Bring huge safety hidden danger to pedestrian crossing the street; Therefore, the use of reasonable pedestrian crossing form has an important impact on the safety and efficiency of vehicle and pedestrian crossing at signal-controlled intersection. In this paper, the two-way six-lane signal control intersection with the main road intersection is taken as the research object, and it is assumed that the two-way flow of the vehicle in each entrance road is equal and that there is a special signal phase for the left turn. By analyzing the traffic characteristics of pedestrians and motor vehicles at signal-controlled intersections, the conflict mechanism of pedestrians and vehicles is clarified, and the interchangeable gap model of pedestrian vehicles is established. On the basis of the classical two-dimensional cellular automata, the rules of vehicle following, slow starting and steering selection, pedestrian crossing behavior selection, crossing following and surpassing are established, and the two-dimension human-vehicle interactive cellular automata model is formed. The factors such as pedestrian flow, vehicle flow, right-turn ratio and signal timing are selected as parameters to construct the simulation scheme. Taking the average delay as the evaluation index, the multi-factor combination scheme under the condition of no pedestrian interference is simulated and the average delay value is calculated, and the simulation scheme which can meet the specific service level of the vehicle passing through is selected as the qualified scheme. Based on the qualified scheme, the pedestrian impact factor is resimulated and the average delay value is calculated. According to the level of pedestrian crossing and motor vehicle traffic service, the criterion of pedestrian crossing form applicability is determined, and the average delay value of pedestrian crossing and motor vehicle traffic in each simulation scheme is compared and analyzed on this basis. The suitable conditions of pedestrian crossing form under the influence of multivariable combination are determined, which provides a certain decision basis for urban infrastructure construction department and traffic management and control department.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.54

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