【摘要】：隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，近年來(lái)建立在計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上的數(shù)值風(fēng)洞技術(shù)在水利、機(jī)械、環(huán)境、土木工程等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。數(shù)值風(fēng)洞技術(shù)不受試驗(yàn)條件制約，具有很好的可重復(fù)性，能模擬復(fù)雜幾何外形問(wèn)題且流場(chǎng)可視性好，已成為一種非常重要的抗風(fēng)研究手段。尤其在橋梁方案概念設(shè)計(jì)階段為工程前期設(shè)計(jì)提供了有效的技術(shù)手段，，發(fā)展前景十分廣闊。本文采用數(shù)值風(fēng)洞技術(shù)進(jìn)行了伶仃懸索橋設(shè)計(jì)方案的顫振性能以及氣動(dòng)控制措施的分析研究，為該懸索橋的概念設(shè)計(jì)提供了相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)建議。 本文基于Scanlan顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)理論數(shù)值分析主梁斷面顫振性能。采用數(shù)值方法，利用動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了模型分狀態(tài)強(qiáng)迫振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)。選用Realizablek ξ湍流模型，PISO算法迭代，提取氣動(dòng)力數(shù)據(jù)識(shí)別顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)。運(yùn)用上述方法識(shí)別了理想平板顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)，并與Theodorsen平板理論解比較，驗(yàn)證本文方法的正確性與有效性，表明本文方法可應(yīng)用于大跨懸索橋主梁斷面顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)識(shí)別。 采用上述方法，在-5°~+5°風(fēng)攻角下，對(duì)伶仃懸索橋施工狀態(tài)（不帶欄桿與檢修道）和成橋狀態(tài)（帶欄桿與檢修道）下的主梁斷面分別進(jìn)行了二維繞流場(chǎng)計(jì)算，識(shí)別了顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)，并計(jì)算了四種懸索橋概念設(shè)計(jì)方案在各風(fēng)攻角下的顫振臨界風(fēng)速。成橋狀態(tài)下顫振導(dǎo)數(shù)與虎門(mén)二橋相同箱梁斷面的節(jié)段模型風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)值吻合較好，欄桿與檢修道的引入降低了橋梁顫振臨界風(fēng)速，隨著風(fēng)攻角絕對(duì)值的增大，主梁斷面氣動(dòng)外形逐漸變差，各懸索橋方案顫振臨界風(fēng)速都呈下降趨勢(shì)，且+5°風(fēng)攻角下顫振臨界風(fēng)速最低，顫振穩(wěn)定性最差。 基于顫振穩(wěn)定性要求，進(jìn)行了氣動(dòng)控制措施優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)，采取中央開(kāi)槽、中央開(kāi)槽加豎向穩(wěn)定板、中央開(kāi)槽加槽內(nèi)斜穩(wěn)定板、中央開(kāi)槽加豎向邊穩(wěn)定板形成帶氣動(dòng)控制措施的新斷面模型并在最不利風(fēng)攻角下進(jìn)行了顫振分析，評(píng)估氣動(dòng)控制措施效果，發(fā)現(xiàn)中央開(kāi)槽措施明顯提高了斷面顫振性能，且穩(wěn)定板的位置對(duì)斷面顫振性能影響不同，中央穩(wěn)定板與槽內(nèi)斜穩(wěn)定板可以有效提高斷面顫振臨界風(fēng)速，豎向邊穩(wěn)定板反而降低了斷面顫振臨界風(fēng)速。本文優(yōu)先推薦中央開(kāi)槽與中央穩(wěn)定板組合的措施作為最終的顫振改良?xì)鈩?dòng)措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology, numerical wind tunnel technology based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been widely used in the fields of water conservancy, machinery, environment, civil engineering and so on. Numerical wind tunnel technology is not restricted by test conditions, has good repeatability, can simulate complex geometric shape problems and has good visibility of flow field, so it has become a very important method of wind resistance research. Especially in the stage of conceptual design of bridge scheme, it provides an effective technical means for the early stage of engineering design, and has a very broad development prospect. In this paper, the flutter performance and aerodynamic control measures of Lingding suspension bridge are analyzed by using numerical wind tunnel technique, which provides relevant design suggestions for the conceptual design of the suspension bridge. Based on the Scanlan flutter derivative theory, the flutter performance of the main beam section is numerically analyzed in this paper. The dynamic grid technique is used to realize the forced vibration test of the model by using the numerical method. The Realizablek 尉 turbulence model is selected and the PISO algorithm is used to iterate to extract aerodynamic data to identify flutter derivatives. The above method is used to identify the flutter derivative of ideal plate, and compared with the theoretical solution of Theodorsen plate, the validity and validity of the method are verified. It is shown that the method in this paper can be applied to the identification of flutter derivatives of the main girder section of long-span suspension bridge. Using the above method, under the wind attack angle of -5 擄~ 5 擄, the 2-D flow field of the main beam section under the construction state (without railing and overhaul track) and the completed state (with railing and overhaul track) of Lingding suspension bridge are calculated, respectively, and the flutter derivatives are identified. The flutter critical wind speed of four conceptual design schemes of suspension bridge at different angles of attack is calculated. The flutter derivative of the bridge agrees well with the wind tunnel test data of the same section of the box girder of Humen second Bridge. The introduction of railing and overhaul track reduces the critical flutter velocity of the bridge, and with the increase of the absolute value of the wind attack angle, the flutter critical wind speed of the bridge is reduced with the increase of the wind attack angle. The aerodynamic profile of the main beam section gradually becomes worse, the critical flutter velocity of each suspension bridge is decreasing, and the critical flutter velocity is the lowest and the flutter stability is the worst at the 5 擄wind attack angle. Based on the requirements of flutter stability, the optimization test of pneumatic control measures is carried out. The central slotted plate, the central slotted plate plus vertical stabilizing plate, the central slotted plate and the inner slot-stabilized plate are adopted. A new section model with pneumatic control measures is formed by central slot and vertical side stabilizing plate. Flutter analysis is carried out under the most unfavorable wind attack angle. The results of aerodynamic control measures are evaluated. It is found that the central slot method can obviously improve the flutter performance of the section. The influence of the position of the stabilizer plate on the flutter performance of the section is different. The central stable plate and the inclined plate in the slot can effectively increase the critical flutter velocity of the section, while the vertical side stabilizing plate decreases the critical flutter velocity of the section. The combination of central slotted plate and central stabilizer plate is recommended as the final flutter improvement aerodynamic method in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U448.25;U441.3

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