【摘要】：隧道工程是一個(gè)線狀隱蔽工程,大多穿越復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)條件,而實(shí)際施工當(dāng)中又很難完全摸清隧道掌子面前方的地質(zhì)情況,因此,隧道施工就存在著許多未知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和安全隱患。為避免因盲目施工帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和損失,隧洞信息化施工必須做到先探明前方地質(zhì)情況后再開(kāi)挖,即開(kāi)挖前要預(yù)報(bào)掌子面前方的巖體狀況,如有無(wú)地下水、有無(wú)破碎帶等。因此,引入超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)技術(shù)很有必要,開(kāi)展隧道施工超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)技術(shù)研究,探測(cè)掌子面前方的地質(zhì)情況也迫在眉睫。 本論文以四川省甘孜州鄉(xiāng)城縣洞松水電站引水隧洞工程為依托,研究了超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)理論原理和應(yīng)用技術(shù),以及基于預(yù)報(bào)結(jié)果的數(shù)值模擬研究。通過(guò)將超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)運(yùn)用于軟巖隧洞施工過(guò)程之中,建立了一套應(yīng)對(duì)軟巖施工常見(jiàn)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的地質(zhì)雷達(dá)法和地質(zhì)素描法相結(jié)合的預(yù)報(bào)體系,并在預(yù)報(bào)結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)軟巖隧洞變形特征及支護(hù)方案的優(yōu)化進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬分析,對(duì)支護(hù)方案和開(kāi)挖工法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。 研究得出：在超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)技術(shù)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,驗(yàn)證了地質(zhì)雷達(dá)超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)技術(shù)的精確性,預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)80%。在隧洞超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)中,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)前方存在軟弱破碎帶或者富水帶,那么該段圍巖極易發(fā)生大變形�；谏鲜鲈诒竟こ讨械膶�(shí)際應(yīng)用成果利用FLAC3D數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)對(duì)軟巖變形展開(kāi)研究,對(duì)本工程軟巖變形發(fā)生的規(guī)律和變形特征有了進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)識(shí),得出了軟巖變形的一般規(guī)律,隧洞埋深、側(cè)壓力系數(shù)越大圍巖變形也越大；圍巖強(qiáng)度越大圍巖變形量越��；開(kāi)挖工法模擬分析得出對(duì)于本工程,臺(tái)階法較全斷面法適合；鋼支撐在隧底采用曲線封閉較直線封閉能更有效控制圍巖變形；二襯參與受力時(shí),承受10%外荷載的情況下較為經(jīng)濟(jì)、合理。
[Abstract]:Tunnel engineering is a linear hidden project, mostly through complex geological conditions, but it is difficult to fully understand the geological situation in front of the tunnel face in the actual construction. Therefore, there are many unknown risks and security risks in tunnel construction. In order to avoid the risk and loss caused by blind construction, the tunnel information construction must find out the geological conditions in front of tunnel before excavation, that is to say, it is necessary to forecast the rock mass condition in front of the face before excavation, such as whether there is groundwater or not, whether there is a broken zone and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the advanced geological prediction technology, and it is urgent to study the advanced geological prediction technology in tunnel construction and to detect the geological situation in front of the face of the tunnel. Based on the diversion tunnel project of Dongsong Hydropower Station in Xiangcheng County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, this paper studies the theory principle and application technology of advanced geological prediction, and the numerical simulation research based on forecast results. By applying the advanced geological forecast to the construction process of soft rock tunnel, a set of forecasting system combining geological radar method and geological sketch method to deal with the common geological hazards in soft rock construction is established. Based on the prediction results, the deformation characteristics of soft rock tunnel and the optimization of supporting scheme are simulated and analyzed, and the support scheme and excavation method are optimized. It is concluded that in the practical application of the advanced geological prediction technology, the accuracy of the geological prediction technology of the geological radar is verified, and the accuracy of the prediction is up to 80%. In the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel, if there is a weak broken zone or a water-rich zone in front of the tunnel, the surrounding rock of this section is prone to large deformation. Based on the above practical application results in this project, the soft rock deformation is studied by using FLAC3D numerical simulation technology, and the rules and characteristics of soft rock deformation are further understood, and the general rules of soft rock deformation are obtained. The deeper the tunnel is, the larger the lateral pressure coefficient is, and the larger the deformation of surrounding rock is. The larger the strength of surrounding rock is, the smaller the deformation of surrounding rock is; the simulation analysis of excavation method shows that the step method is more suitable than the full section method for this project, and the steel bracing can control the deformation of surrounding rock more effectively by using curve closure than straight line closing at the bottom of tunnel. When the second liner takes part in the force, it is more economical and reasonable to bear 10% external load.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U452.11;U455

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