【摘要】：隧道工程是一個線狀隱蔽工程,大多穿越復雜的地質條件,而實際施工當中又很難完全摸清隧道掌子面前方的地質情況,因此,隧道施工就存在著許多未知風險和安全隱患。為避免因盲目施工帶來的風險和損失,隧洞信息化施工必須做到先探明前方地質情況后再開挖,即開挖前要預報掌子面前方的巖體狀況,如有無地下水、有無破碎帶等。因此,引入超前地質預報技術很有必要,開展隧道施工超前地質預報技術研究,探測掌子面前方的地質情況也迫在眉睫。 本論文以四川省甘孜州鄉(xiāng)城縣洞松水電站引水隧洞工程為依托,研究了超前地質預報理論原理和應用技術,以及基于預報結果的數值模擬研究。通過將超前地質預報運用于軟巖隧洞施工過程之中,建立了一套應對軟巖施工常見地質災害的地質雷達法和地質素描法相結合的預報體系,并在預報結果的基礎上對軟巖隧洞變形特征及支護方案的優(yōu)化進行了數值模擬分析,對支護方案和開挖工法進行優(yōu)化。 研究得出：在超前地質預報技術的實際應用中,驗證了地質雷達超前地質預報技術的精確性,預報準確率達80%。在隧洞超前地質預報中,如果發(fā)現前方存在軟弱破碎帶或者富水帶,那么該段圍巖極易發(fā)生大變形�；谏鲜鲈诒竟こ讨械膶嶋H應用成果利用FLAC3D數值模擬技術對軟巖變形展開研究,對本工程軟巖變形發(fā)生的規(guī)律和變形特征有了進一步的認識,得出了軟巖變形的一般規(guī)律,隧洞埋深、側壓力系數越大圍巖變形也越大；圍巖強度越大圍巖變形量越�。婚_挖工法模擬分析得出對于本工程,臺階法較全斷面法適合；鋼支撐在隧底采用曲線封閉較直線封閉能更有效控制圍巖變形；二襯參與受力時,承受10%外荷載的情況下較為經濟、合理。
[Abstract]:Tunnel engineering is a linear hidden project, mostly through complex geological conditions, but it is difficult to fully understand the geological situation in front of the tunnel face in the actual construction. Therefore, there are many unknown risks and security risks in tunnel construction. In order to avoid the risk and loss caused by blind construction, the tunnel information construction must find out the geological conditions in front of tunnel before excavation, that is to say, it is necessary to forecast the rock mass condition in front of the face before excavation, such as whether there is groundwater or not, whether there is a broken zone and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the advanced geological prediction technology, and it is urgent to study the advanced geological prediction technology in tunnel construction and to detect the geological situation in front of the face of the tunnel. Based on the diversion tunnel project of Dongsong Hydropower Station in Xiangcheng County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, this paper studies the theory principle and application technology of advanced geological prediction, and the numerical simulation research based on forecast results. By applying the advanced geological forecast to the construction process of soft rock tunnel, a set of forecasting system combining geological radar method and geological sketch method to deal with the common geological hazards in soft rock construction is established. Based on the prediction results, the deformation characteristics of soft rock tunnel and the optimization of supporting scheme are simulated and analyzed, and the support scheme and excavation method are optimized. It is concluded that in the practical application of the advanced geological prediction technology, the accuracy of the geological prediction technology of the geological radar is verified, and the accuracy of the prediction is up to 80%. In the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel, if there is a weak broken zone or a water-rich zone in front of the tunnel, the surrounding rock of this section is prone to large deformation. Based on the above practical application results in this project, the soft rock deformation is studied by using FLAC3D numerical simulation technology, and the rules and characteristics of soft rock deformation are further understood, and the general rules of soft rock deformation are obtained. The deeper the tunnel is, the larger the lateral pressure coefficient is, and the larger the deformation of surrounding rock is. The larger the strength of surrounding rock is, the smaller the deformation of surrounding rock is; the simulation analysis of excavation method shows that the step method is more suitable than the full section method for this project, and the steel bracing can control the deformation of surrounding rock more effectively by using curve closure than straight line closing at the bottom of tunnel. When the second liner takes part in the force, it is more economical and reasonable to bear 10% external load.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U452.11;U455

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