基于GPS數(shù)據(jù)的城市交通分析系統(tǒng)的研究與實現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-13 13:52
【摘要】：隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和城市化進程的加快，道路交通己成為制約城市發(fā)展的重要問題，解決道路交通瓶頸己成為各級政府部門需要解決的首要任務。多年來，國內外實踐經(jīng)驗證明，，在解決城市交通問題方面，除了要有相應的宏觀交通政策予以支持，現(xiàn)代化的交通管理手段也是十分重要的一環(huán)。與此同時計算機技術、電子技術等高新技術的發(fā)展，也為交通管理提供了解決交通問題的新思路和新手段，為最大限度地發(fā)揮現(xiàn)有道路系統(tǒng)的工作效率提供了技術支持。發(fā)達國家交通發(fā)展實踐表明，采用智能交通系統(tǒng)是解決交通擁堵減少交通事故、防止交通污染、提高交通管理水平的最有效的方法和手段。 本文針對當前我國存在的城市交通擁堵、管理部門監(jiān)管困難等情況，提出了建立基于GPS數(shù)據(jù)的城市交通分析系統(tǒng)這一觀點，通過對采集到的車輛GPS、速度等信息進行處理和分析，得到對于城市不同路段路況的分析報告。報告主要包括道路車流量變化曲線、平均車速統(tǒng)計等，可以為市民合理出行以及監(jiān)管部門車輛調度、城市道路規(guī)劃建設提供合理的建議，推動城市道路交通建設發(fā)展。 本文所述城市交通分析系統(tǒng)主要由數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)預處理、地圖匹配和分析結果展示四部分組成，分別實現(xiàn)了對GPS的采集、處理、分析和分析結果網(wǎng)頁展示，主要完成工作如下： (1)數(shù)據(jù)采集及預處理部分 本文以打車軟件采集的出租車數(shù)據(jù)作為數(shù)據(jù)基礎，其主要包括車輛實時上傳的GPS、速度和用戶ID等信息。針對所有收集到的車輛交通信息進行檢查、分析，對于對數(shù)據(jù)分析有干擾性質的、影響分析結果的數(shù)據(jù)進行處理。其中包括由于數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)生漂移、定位錯誤等造成的錯誤數(shù)據(jù)以及由于定位盲區(qū)、網(wǎng)絡穩(wěn)定性問題造成的數(shù)據(jù)的部分缺失，針對不同情況的異常數(shù)據(jù)進行處理，保證進行后期分析數(shù)據(jù)的正確性。 (2)數(shù)據(jù)匹配及分析部分 對處理后的交通數(shù)據(jù)進行數(shù)據(jù)分析，采用決策樹算法實現(xiàn)交通數(shù)據(jù)與電子地圖的匹配，將車輛位置點匹配到對應的城市道路上。在進行完地圖匹配后，針對城市不同道路上的交通數(shù)據(jù)進行總結分析，生成每日道路交通情況數(shù)據(jù)報告，包括全天候道路平均速度變化趨勢，車輛流通量變化趨勢和交通擁堵時間段等信息。 (3)分析結果展示部分 利用JSP、JavaScript、Ajax等技術，借助highcharts.js插件實現(xiàn)統(tǒng)計結果的統(tǒng)計圖顯示，以柱狀圖、餅狀圖、曲線圖的形式分別顯示路段擁堵時段、路段車流量統(tǒng)計、路段車速變化曲線，實現(xiàn)對分析結果更加直觀的展現(xiàn)。 綜上所述，本文所述城市交通分析系統(tǒng)可以實現(xiàn)城市出租車GPS交通信息的分析，并得到道路擁護時段統(tǒng)計、車流量變化曲線等數(shù)據(jù)，為市民出行提供合理建議，也可以為城市監(jiān)管部門合理調度出租車以及城市建設部門合理規(guī)劃道路交通給予合理的建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, road traffic has become an important problem that restricts the development of cities, and solving the bottleneck of road traffic has become the primary task that government departments at all levels need to solve. Over the years, the experience at home and abroad has proved that in solving urban traffic problems, in addition to the corresponding macro-traffic policies to support, modern traffic management is also a very important part. At the same time, the development of high and new technology, such as computer technology and electronic technology, also provides new ideas and means for traffic management to solve traffic problems, and provides technical support for maximizing the working efficiency of existing road systems. The practice of traffic development in developed countries shows that intelligent traffic system is the most effective way to solve traffic congestion and reduce traffic accidents, prevent traffic pollution and improve traffic management level. In view of the current situation of urban traffic congestion in our country and the difficulty of supervision by the management department, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing the urban traffic analysis system based on GPS data, and through processing and analyzing the collected information such as the speed of vehicle GPS, etc. Get the analysis report of different sections of the city road condition. The report mainly includes the change curve of road traffic flow, average speed statistics and so on. It can provide reasonable advice for the public to travel reasonably, the regulation department vehicle scheduling, urban road planning and construction, and promote the development of urban road traffic construction. The urban traffic analysis system described in this paper is composed of four parts: data acquisition, data preprocessing, map matching and analysis result display. The GPS collection, processing, analysis and analysis results are displayed on the web page, respectively. The main work is as follows: (1) in the part of data acquisition and preprocessing, this paper takes the taxi data collected by the taxi hailing software as the data base, which mainly includes the GPS, speed uploaded by the vehicle in real time and the ID information of the user. For all collected traffic information of vehicles to check and analyze, for the data analysis of the nature of interference, impact on the analysis of the results of the data processing. Including the error data caused by the drift of the data, the error of the location and the missing of the data caused by the problem of the stability of the network because of the blind area of the location. Ensure the correctness of the post-analysis data. (2) data matching and analysis part of the processed traffic data analysis, using the decision tree algorithm to achieve traffic data and electronic map matching, Match the vehicle location points to the corresponding urban roads. After map matching, the traffic data on different roads in the city are summarized and analyzed, and daily road traffic data reports are generated, including the trend of change in the average speed of roads around the clock. (3) the analysis results display part uses JSP,JavaScript,Ajax and other technology, with the help of highcharts.js plug-in to realize the statistical results of the statistical chart display, in the bar chart, pie chart, The form of the graph shows the congestion period of the road section, the traffic flow statistics of the road section, the changing curve of the speed of the road section, and realizes the more intuitive display of the analysis results. To sum up, the urban traffic analysis system described in this paper can realize the analysis of GPS traffic information of urban taxis, and get the statistics of road support period, the curve of traffic flow, and so on, which can provide reasonable suggestions for citizens to travel. It can also provide reasonable advice for urban supervision department to arrange taxi reasonably and urban construction department to plan road traffic reasonably.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495
本文編號：2241359
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, road traffic has become an important problem that restricts the development of cities, and solving the bottleneck of road traffic has become the primary task that government departments at all levels need to solve. Over the years, the experience at home and abroad has proved that in solving urban traffic problems, in addition to the corresponding macro-traffic policies to support, modern traffic management is also a very important part. At the same time, the development of high and new technology, such as computer technology and electronic technology, also provides new ideas and means for traffic management to solve traffic problems, and provides technical support for maximizing the working efficiency of existing road systems. The practice of traffic development in developed countries shows that intelligent traffic system is the most effective way to solve traffic congestion and reduce traffic accidents, prevent traffic pollution and improve traffic management level. In view of the current situation of urban traffic congestion in our country and the difficulty of supervision by the management department, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing the urban traffic analysis system based on GPS data, and through processing and analyzing the collected information such as the speed of vehicle GPS, etc. Get the analysis report of different sections of the city road condition. The report mainly includes the change curve of road traffic flow, average speed statistics and so on. It can provide reasonable advice for the public to travel reasonably, the regulation department vehicle scheduling, urban road planning and construction, and promote the development of urban road traffic construction. The urban traffic analysis system described in this paper is composed of four parts: data acquisition, data preprocessing, map matching and analysis result display. The GPS collection, processing, analysis and analysis results are displayed on the web page, respectively. The main work is as follows: (1) in the part of data acquisition and preprocessing, this paper takes the taxi data collected by the taxi hailing software as the data base, which mainly includes the GPS, speed uploaded by the vehicle in real time and the ID information of the user. For all collected traffic information of vehicles to check and analyze, for the data analysis of the nature of interference, impact on the analysis of the results of the data processing. Including the error data caused by the drift of the data, the error of the location and the missing of the data caused by the problem of the stability of the network because of the blind area of the location. Ensure the correctness of the post-analysis data. (2) data matching and analysis part of the processed traffic data analysis, using the decision tree algorithm to achieve traffic data and electronic map matching, Match the vehicle location points to the corresponding urban roads. After map matching, the traffic data on different roads in the city are summarized and analyzed, and daily road traffic data reports are generated, including the trend of change in the average speed of roads around the clock. (3) the analysis results display part uses JSP,JavaScript,Ajax and other technology, with the help of highcharts.js plug-in to realize the statistical results of the statistical chart display, in the bar chart, pie chart, The form of the graph shows the congestion period of the road section, the traffic flow statistics of the road section, the changing curve of the speed of the road section, and realizes the more intuitive display of the analysis results. To sum up, the urban traffic analysis system described in this paper can realize the analysis of GPS traffic information of urban taxis, and get the statistics of road support period, the curve of traffic flow, and so on, which can provide reasonable suggestions for citizens to travel. It can also provide reasonable advice for urban supervision department to arrange taxi reasonably and urban construction department to plan road traffic reasonably.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495
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