基于GPS數(shù)據(jù)的城市交通分析系統(tǒng)的研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-13 13:52
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和城市化進(jìn)程的加快，道路交通己成為制約城市發(fā)展的重要問(wèn)題，解決道路交通瓶頸己成為各級(jí)政府部門(mén)需要解決的首要任務(wù)。多年來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)外實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明，，在解決城市交通問(wèn)題方面，除了要有相應(yīng)的宏觀交通政策予以支持，現(xiàn)代化的交通管理手段也是十分重要的一環(huán)。與此同時(shí)計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、電子技術(shù)等高新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，也為交通管理提供了解決交通問(wèn)題的新思路和新手段，為最大限度地發(fā)揮現(xiàn)有道路系統(tǒng)的工作效率提供了技術(shù)支持。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家交通發(fā)展實(shí)踐表明，采用智能交通系統(tǒng)是解決交通擁堵減少交通事故、防止交通污染、提高交通管理水平的最有效的方法和手段。 本文針對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)存在的城市交通擁堵、管理部門(mén)監(jiān)管困難等情況，提出了建立基于GPS數(shù)據(jù)的城市交通分析系統(tǒng)這一觀點(diǎn)，通過(guò)對(duì)采集到的車(chē)輛GPS、速度等信息進(jìn)行處理和分析，得到對(duì)于城市不同路段路況的分析報(bào)告。報(bào)告主要包括道路車(chē)流量變化曲線(xiàn)、平均車(chē)速統(tǒng)計(jì)等，可以為市民合理出行以及監(jiān)管部門(mén)車(chē)輛調(diào)度、城市道路規(guī)劃建設(shè)提供合理的建議，推動(dòng)城市道路交通建設(shè)發(fā)展。 本文所述城市交通分析系統(tǒng)主要由數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理、地圖匹配和分析結(jié)果展示四部分組成，分別實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)GPS的采集、處理、分析和分析結(jié)果網(wǎng)頁(yè)展示，主要完成工作如下： (1)數(shù)據(jù)采集及預(yù)處理部分 本文以打車(chē)軟件采集的出租車(chē)數(shù)據(jù)作為數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)，其主要包括車(chē)輛實(shí)時(shí)上傳的GPS、速度和用戶(hù)ID等信息。針對(duì)所有收集到的車(chē)輛交通信息進(jìn)行檢查、分析，對(duì)于對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析有干擾性質(zhì)的、影響分析結(jié)果的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理。其中包括由于數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)生漂移、定位錯(cuò)誤等造成的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)據(jù)以及由于定位盲區(qū)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題造成的數(shù)據(jù)的部分缺失，針對(duì)不同情況的異常數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理，保證進(jìn)行后期分析數(shù)據(jù)的正確性。 (2)數(shù)據(jù)匹配及分析部分 對(duì)處理后的交通數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析，采用決策樹(shù)算法實(shí)現(xiàn)交通數(shù)據(jù)與電子地圖的匹配，將車(chē)輛位置點(diǎn)匹配到對(duì)應(yīng)的城市道路上。在進(jìn)行完地圖匹配后，針對(duì)城市不同道路上的交通數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析，生成每日道路交通情況數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告，包括全天候道路平均速度變化趨勢(shì)，車(chē)輛流通量變化趨勢(shì)和交通擁堵時(shí)間段等信息。 (3)分析結(jié)果展示部分 利用JSP、JavaScript、Ajax等技術(shù)，借助highcharts.js插件實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖顯示，以柱狀圖、餅狀圖、曲線(xiàn)圖的形式分別顯示路段擁堵時(shí)段、路段車(chē)流量統(tǒng)計(jì)、路段車(chē)速變化曲線(xiàn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)分析結(jié)果更加直觀的展現(xiàn)。 綜上所述，本文所述城市交通分析系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)城市出租車(chē)GPS交通信息的分析，并得到道路擁護(hù)時(shí)段統(tǒng)計(jì)、車(chē)流量變化曲線(xiàn)等數(shù)據(jù)，為市民出行提供合理建議，也可以為城市監(jiān)管部門(mén)合理調(diào)度出租車(chē)以及城市建設(shè)部門(mén)合理規(guī)劃道路交通給予合理的建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, road traffic has become an important problem that restricts the development of cities, and solving the bottleneck of road traffic has become the primary task that government departments at all levels need to solve. Over the years, the experience at home and abroad has proved that in solving urban traffic problems, in addition to the corresponding macro-traffic policies to support, modern traffic management is also a very important part. At the same time, the development of high and new technology, such as computer technology and electronic technology, also provides new ideas and means for traffic management to solve traffic problems, and provides technical support for maximizing the working efficiency of existing road systems. The practice of traffic development in developed countries shows that intelligent traffic system is the most effective way to solve traffic congestion and reduce traffic accidents, prevent traffic pollution and improve traffic management level. In view of the current situation of urban traffic congestion in our country and the difficulty of supervision by the management department, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing the urban traffic analysis system based on GPS data, and through processing and analyzing the collected information such as the speed of vehicle GPS, etc. Get the analysis report of different sections of the city road condition. The report mainly includes the change curve of road traffic flow, average speed statistics and so on. It can provide reasonable advice for the public to travel reasonably, the regulation department vehicle scheduling, urban road planning and construction, and promote the development of urban road traffic construction. The urban traffic analysis system described in this paper is composed of four parts: data acquisition, data preprocessing, map matching and analysis result display. The GPS collection, processing, analysis and analysis results are displayed on the web page, respectively. The main work is as follows: (1) in the part of data acquisition and preprocessing, this paper takes the taxi data collected by the taxi hailing software as the data base, which mainly includes the GPS, speed uploaded by the vehicle in real time and the ID information of the user. For all collected traffic information of vehicles to check and analyze, for the data analysis of the nature of interference, impact on the analysis of the results of the data processing. Including the error data caused by the drift of the data, the error of the location and the missing of the data caused by the problem of the stability of the network because of the blind area of the location. Ensure the correctness of the post-analysis data. (2) data matching and analysis part of the processed traffic data analysis, using the decision tree algorithm to achieve traffic data and electronic map matching, Match the vehicle location points to the corresponding urban roads. After map matching, the traffic data on different roads in the city are summarized and analyzed, and daily road traffic data reports are generated, including the trend of change in the average speed of roads around the clock. (3) the analysis results display part uses JSP,JavaScript,Ajax and other technology, with the help of highcharts.js plug-in to realize the statistical results of the statistical chart display, in the bar chart, pie chart, The form of the graph shows the congestion period of the road section, the traffic flow statistics of the road section, the changing curve of the speed of the road section, and realizes the more intuitive display of the analysis results. To sum up, the urban traffic analysis system described in this paper can realize the analysis of GPS traffic information of urban taxis, and get the statistics of road support period, the curve of traffic flow, and so on, which can provide reasonable suggestions for citizens to travel. It can also provide reasonable advice for urban supervision department to arrange taxi reasonably and urban construction department to plan road traffic reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U495
本文編號(hào)：2241359
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, road traffic has become an important problem that restricts the development of cities, and solving the bottleneck of road traffic has become the primary task that government departments at all levels need to solve. Over the years, the experience at home and abroad has proved that in solving urban traffic problems, in addition to the corresponding macro-traffic policies to support, modern traffic management is also a very important part. At the same time, the development of high and new technology, such as computer technology and electronic technology, also provides new ideas and means for traffic management to solve traffic problems, and provides technical support for maximizing the working efficiency of existing road systems. The practice of traffic development in developed countries shows that intelligent traffic system is the most effective way to solve traffic congestion and reduce traffic accidents, prevent traffic pollution and improve traffic management level. In view of the current situation of urban traffic congestion in our country and the difficulty of supervision by the management department, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing the urban traffic analysis system based on GPS data, and through processing and analyzing the collected information such as the speed of vehicle GPS, etc. Get the analysis report of different sections of the city road condition. The report mainly includes the change curve of road traffic flow, average speed statistics and so on. It can provide reasonable advice for the public to travel reasonably, the regulation department vehicle scheduling, urban road planning and construction, and promote the development of urban road traffic construction. The urban traffic analysis system described in this paper is composed of four parts: data acquisition, data preprocessing, map matching and analysis result display. The GPS collection, processing, analysis and analysis results are displayed on the web page, respectively. The main work is as follows: (1) in the part of data acquisition and preprocessing, this paper takes the taxi data collected by the taxi hailing software as the data base, which mainly includes the GPS, speed uploaded by the vehicle in real time and the ID information of the user. For all collected traffic information of vehicles to check and analyze, for the data analysis of the nature of interference, impact on the analysis of the results of the data processing. Including the error data caused by the drift of the data, the error of the location and the missing of the data caused by the problem of the stability of the network because of the blind area of the location. Ensure the correctness of the post-analysis data. (2) data matching and analysis part of the processed traffic data analysis, using the decision tree algorithm to achieve traffic data and electronic map matching, Match the vehicle location points to the corresponding urban roads. After map matching, the traffic data on different roads in the city are summarized and analyzed, and daily road traffic data reports are generated, including the trend of change in the average speed of roads around the clock. (3) the analysis results display part uses JSP,JavaScript,Ajax and other technology, with the help of highcharts.js plug-in to realize the statistical results of the statistical chart display, in the bar chart, pie chart, The form of the graph shows the congestion period of the road section, the traffic flow statistics of the road section, the changing curve of the speed of the road section, and realizes the more intuitive display of the analysis results. To sum up, the urban traffic analysis system described in this paper can realize the analysis of GPS traffic information of urban taxis, and get the statistics of road support period, the curve of traffic flow, and so on, which can provide reasonable suggestions for citizens to travel. It can also provide reasonable advice for urban supervision department to arrange taxi reasonably and urban construction department to plan road traffic reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U495
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