工程爆破中減震孔的隔震機(jī)理與效果研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-08 18:25
【摘要】：當(dāng)今,工程爆破已經(jīng)在實(shí)際工程中運(yùn)用的越來越多,爆破的震動效應(yīng)對周圍環(huán)境的影響也越來越突出,如何減小爆破振動對周圍環(huán)境的危害日益受到工程師的關(guān)注。本文以長沙地鐵一號線汽車北站為工程背景,從理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析三個方面對減震孔的隔震原理、隔震效果進(jìn)行研究。(1)從理論上對減震孔的隔震原理進(jìn)行分析。爆破地震波傳播過程是爆破地震波與傳播介質(zhì)的相互作用的過程,傳播介質(zhì)的物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)對爆破地震波的傳播產(chǎn)生很大的影響。在傳播介質(zhì)中打減震孔就相當(dāng)于改變傳播介質(zhì)的物理性質(zhì),使爆破地震波發(fā)生折射、反射,從而削弱繼續(xù)向前傳播爆破地震波能量。本文采用節(jié)理剛度描述的界面模型來研究應(yīng)力波與非完全固結(jié)介質(zhì)界面之間的相互作用,把介質(zhì)界面看成具有位移間斷的線彈性半空間的接觸面。最終得到透射系數(shù)小于1,說明爆破地震波在經(jīng)過減震孔時能量有損失。(2)運(yùn)用Midas/GTS軟件,模擬得出減震孔具有一定的隔震作用,其減震率為10%～20%,并且減震孔的排數(shù)越多隔震效果越好,孔距越小隔震效果越好,當(dāng)爆心距為10m減震孔的隔震效果較好,其減震率可以達(dá)到16%左右,隨著爆心距的增加,其隔震效果逐漸減小,當(dāng)爆心距為25m時減震率只有6%,所以減震孔的爆心距在10m～25m時隔震效果比較好。(3)利用長沙地鐵一號線汽車北站爆破監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù),以最小二乘原理為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件對爆破監(jiān)控的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回歸分析�？芍袦p震孔的震動速度小于無減震孔的震動速度,其減震率在10%-20%之間,并且隨著爆心距的增大,減震孔對爆破振動的隔震作用越來越不明顯,有減震孔的擬合曲線與無減震孔的擬合曲線幾乎重合。最后對Midas/GTS數(shù)值模擬的數(shù)據(jù)與現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控的數(shù)據(jù)對比,得出兩種結(jié)果接近,說明Midas/GTS數(shù)值模擬軟件對模擬爆破振動是可信的。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, engineering blasting has been used more and more in practical engineering, and the effect of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment is becoming more and more prominent. How to reduce the damage of blasting vibration to the surrounding environment has been paid more and more attention by engineers. In this paper, based on the engineering background of Changsha Metro Line 1 Automobile North Station, the isolation principle of the shock absorber hole is analyzed from three aspects: theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and statistical analysis of monitoring data. The isolation effect is studied. (1) the isolation principle of the shock absorber hole is analyzed theoretically. The propagation process of blasting seismic wave is a process of interaction between blasting seismic wave and propagating medium. The physical and mechanical properties of propagating medium have a great influence on the propagation of blasting seismic wave. It is equivalent to change the physical properties of propagation medium to make blasting seismic wave refraction and reflection so as to weaken the energy of further propagation of blasting seismic wave. In this paper, the interface model of joint stiffness is used to study the interaction between the stress wave and the interface of the incomplete consolidated medium. The interface of the medium is regarded as a contact surface in a linear elastic half-space with displacements. Finally, the transmission coefficient is less than 1, which indicates that the energy of blasting seismic wave is lost when it passes through the damping hole. (2) by using Midas/GTS software, it is found that the shock absorption hole has a certain isolation effect. The more the number of holes, the better the isolation effect, and the better the isolation effect is, the smaller the hole spacing is, the better the isolation effect is. When the core distance is 10 m, the isolation effect is better, and the damping rate can reach about 16%, with the increase of the blast center distance. The isolation effect decreases gradually, and the damping rate is only 6 when the blasting center distance is 25m, so the isolation effect of the blast center distance of the damping hole is better at 10m~25m. (3) based on the least square principle, the blasting monitoring data of the North Station of Changsha Metro Line 1 are used. The data of blasting monitoring are regressed by MATLAB software. The results show that the vibration velocity of the damping hole is smaller than that of the non-damping hole, and the damping rate is between 10% and 20%. With the increase of the distance between the blast centers, the isolation effect of the damping hole on the blasting vibration is less and less obvious. The fitting curve of the damped hole almost coincides with the fitting curve of the non-damped hole. Finally, by comparing the data of Midas/GTS numerical simulation with field monitoring data, two results are obtained, which shows that Midas/GTS numerical simulation software is reliable for simulating blasting vibration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U231.3;U455.6
，
本文編號：2231328
[Abstract]:Nowadays, engineering blasting has been used more and more in practical engineering, and the effect of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment is becoming more and more prominent. How to reduce the damage of blasting vibration to the surrounding environment has been paid more and more attention by engineers. In this paper, based on the engineering background of Changsha Metro Line 1 Automobile North Station, the isolation principle of the shock absorber hole is analyzed from three aspects: theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and statistical analysis of monitoring data. The isolation effect is studied. (1) the isolation principle of the shock absorber hole is analyzed theoretically. The propagation process of blasting seismic wave is a process of interaction between blasting seismic wave and propagating medium. The physical and mechanical properties of propagating medium have a great influence on the propagation of blasting seismic wave. It is equivalent to change the physical properties of propagation medium to make blasting seismic wave refraction and reflection so as to weaken the energy of further propagation of blasting seismic wave. In this paper, the interface model of joint stiffness is used to study the interaction between the stress wave and the interface of the incomplete consolidated medium. The interface of the medium is regarded as a contact surface in a linear elastic half-space with displacements. Finally, the transmission coefficient is less than 1, which indicates that the energy of blasting seismic wave is lost when it passes through the damping hole. (2) by using Midas/GTS software, it is found that the shock absorption hole has a certain isolation effect. The more the number of holes, the better the isolation effect, and the better the isolation effect is, the smaller the hole spacing is, the better the isolation effect is. When the core distance is 10 m, the isolation effect is better, and the damping rate can reach about 16%, with the increase of the blast center distance. The isolation effect decreases gradually, and the damping rate is only 6 when the blasting center distance is 25m, so the isolation effect of the blast center distance of the damping hole is better at 10m~25m. (3) based on the least square principle, the blasting monitoring data of the North Station of Changsha Metro Line 1 are used. The data of blasting monitoring are regressed by MATLAB software. The results show that the vibration velocity of the damping hole is smaller than that of the non-damping hole, and the damping rate is between 10% and 20%. With the increase of the distance between the blast centers, the isolation effect of the damping hole on the blasting vibration is less and less obvious. The fitting curve of the damped hole almost coincides with the fitting curve of the non-damped hole. Finally, by comparing the data of Midas/GTS numerical simulation with field monitoring data, two results are obtained, which shows that Midas/GTS numerical simulation software is reliable for simulating blasting vibration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U231.3;U455.6
，
本文編號：2231328
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