【摘要】：隨著國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,我國(guó)的裝備制造業(yè),特別是汽車(chē)行業(yè),取得長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步。據(jù)資料統(tǒng)計(jì),截止去年底,我國(guó)汽車(chē)保有量達(dá)1.37億輛,全國(guó)有31個(gè)城市的汽車(chē)數(shù)量超過(guò)100萬(wàn)輛,其中北京、天津、成都、深圳、上海、廣州、蘇州、杭州等8個(gè)城市汽車(chē)數(shù)量超過(guò)200萬(wàn)輛,北京市汽車(chē)超過(guò)500萬(wàn)輛。交通噪聲、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)噪聲、城市建筑噪聲以及商業(yè)活動(dòng)噪聲污染問(wèn)題成為嚴(yán)重影響居民生活質(zhì)量的因素。本文首先介紹了噪聲污染問(wèn)題的現(xiàn)狀以及危害,接著論述了噪聲的評(píng)價(jià)與控制方法,提出聲屏障是控制交通噪聲污染的有效途徑。之后介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外道路聲屏障的應(yīng)用及發(fā)展情況。論文進(jìn)一步論述了聲屏障的降噪理論基礎(chǔ),提出聲屏障主要是在噪聲傳播途徑中阻擋直達(dá)聲、減少透射聲、并讓繞射聲有足夠的衰減三個(gè)方面削弱聲能量的傳播。同時(shí)對(duì)聲屏障的結(jié)構(gòu)型式以及使用材質(zhì)做了簡(jiǎn)單介紹。論文對(duì)縮尺模型以及相似原理做了詳細(xì)介紹,講述相似定理中的三個(gè)定理,指出縮尺模型試驗(yàn)大量運(yùn)用于生產(chǎn)生活中,與傳統(tǒng)純理論研究相比有著不可替代的作用。為本文試驗(yàn)打下理論基礎(chǔ)。本文在半消聲室內(nèi)對(duì)倒L型和滾筒型聲屏障進(jìn)行噪聲測(cè)試,分析聲屏障隔聲量頻譜特性。通過(guò)對(duì)比不同距離、高度的測(cè)點(diǎn)在倒L型和滾筒型聲屏障時(shí)的隔聲量曲線(xiàn)來(lái)分析不同型式聲屏障的降噪效果。本次試驗(yàn)利用聲屏障縮尺模型,在半消聲室內(nèi)對(duì)聲屏障進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),將影響因素降到最低。最大限度的保證了試驗(yàn)的可靠性和數(shù)據(jù)的真實(shí)性。為以后進(jìn)行聲屏障結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以及應(yīng)用提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, China's equipment manufacturing industry, especially the automobile industry, has made great progress. According to statistics, by the end of last year, the number of cars held in China had reached 137 million, and the number of cars in 31 cities nationwide exceeded 1 million. Among them, Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other eight cities have more than 2 million cars and more than 5 million cars in Beijing. The problems of traffic noise, industrial production noise, urban building noise and commercial noise pollution are the factors that seriously affect the quality of life of residents. This paper first introduces the present situation and harm of noise pollution, then discusses the evaluation and control methods of noise, and points out that noise barrier is an effective way to control traffic noise pollution. Then it introduces the application and development of road noise barrier at home and abroad. In this paper, the noise reduction theory of noise barrier is further discussed. It is proposed that the noise barrier is mainly used to block the direct sound in the path of noise propagation, to reduce the transmitted sound, and to weaken the propagation of sound energy in three aspects: sufficient attenuation of the diffraction sound. At the same time, the structure and material of sound barrier are briefly introduced. This paper introduces the scale model and the principle of similarity in detail, narrates the three theorems of similarity theorem, and points out that the scale model test is widely used in production and life, which has irreplaceable function compared with the traditional pure theory research. It lays a theoretical foundation for the experiment in this paper. In this paper, the noise of inverted L type and drum type sound barrier is measured in the semi-silencing chamber, and the frequency spectrum characteristics of the sound barrier is analyzed. The noise reduction effect of different types of noise barriers is analyzed by comparing the noise insulation curves of different distance and height measurement points in inverted L type and drum type noise barriers. By using the scale model of sound barrier, the noise barrier was tested in the semi-silent room, and the influencing factors were reduced to the lowest. The reliability of the test and the authenticity of the data are guaranteed to the maximum extent. It provides a reference for the design and application of sound barrier in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.91

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本文編號(hào)：2215884