【摘要】：橋梁是道路建設的重要部分,隨著全國各類橋梁交通量與交通荷載的巨增,工程質(zhì)量必須大大提高才能滿足當前的要求。為了使橋梁的質(zhì)量和安全達到比較高的要求,對橋梁施工監(jiān)控提出了更高的要求。目前工程的施工比較粗糙,離安全要求有一定的差距,遇到工程問題往往比較粗糙地處理給工程帶了巨大的安全隱患。所以對問題嚴格把關、正確調(diào)整施工進度、嚴格控制施工質(zhì)量。施工監(jiān)控是控制工程進度和工程質(zhì)量關鍵的步驟,由此顯得至關重要。然而當前對施工監(jiān)控效果的評估往往過分依賴個人經(jīng)驗,給出一個籠統(tǒng)的定性的一個評估結(jié)果,評估比較粗糙。此文利用實際工程數(shù)據(jù)對施工監(jiān)控效果做出比較精準的定量分析并結(jié)合專家意見評估打分。此文運用基于層次分析法的模糊綜合評估法對大跨度斜拉橋的施工監(jiān)控對象進行評估研究,進行的研究工作如下：(1)文章對當下模糊數(shù)學理論在工程中的應用領域做了簡單的介紹,在施工監(jiān)控這塊的研究論文很少見,此文是對此方面研究的一種探索。(2)仔細介紹了層次分析法的思想原理、模型與步驟,建立了大跨度斜拉橋的施工監(jiān)控層次指標,則使得復雜無序的橋梁構(gòu)造監(jiān)控評判對象清晰化和梳理化,顯示了層次分析法在工程實際應用中的可行性及優(yōu)越性。當然也簡單介紹了他的不足的地方和改進的方面。(3)介紹了模糊綜合評估法的模糊子集與模糊運算,經(jīng)典的模糊綜合評估法及數(shù)學模型。簡述了一級模糊綜合評估與多級模糊綜合評估的方法,且基于不確定性層次分析組建比較矩陣,利用兩兩比較法構(gòu)成出的矩陣計算矩陣的最大特征向量,檢驗其一致性,求出最大特征向量對應的特征值再歸一化求得評估對象指標的權(quán)重值。(4)文章利用兩個實際工程案例：貴州六沖河特大斜拉橋和九江二橋大橋。對此兩座橋的施工監(jiān)控實行了模糊綜合評判。明晰了它們的層次評判模型。參考《橋梁承載能力檢測評定規(guī)則》及《公路養(yǎng)護技術(shù)規(guī)范》,將其分成5個級別：優(yōu)異狀況、良狀況、正常狀況、差狀況、壞狀況。運用梯形函數(shù)做隸屬度函數(shù),用其計算測點和整個指標的在不同級別中的隸屬度,把此下層研究對象模糊化,逐層上上層計算,得出上層指標的模糊向量,依次計算,得到整座橋的模糊向量,最后反模糊化,計算出整座橋的評估分值。通過文章對工程橋梁的施工監(jiān)控做一些評估方面的研究,是應用數(shù)學理論對這領域探討研究,將有利于今后模糊綜合評估的應用領域的拓展研究和加深研究,也能展示此法能在生活實際中恰到好處的運用。
[Abstract]:Bridge is an important part of road construction. With the huge increase of traffic volume and traffic load of all kinds of bridges in China, the engineering quality must be greatly improved in order to meet the current requirements. In order to make the quality and safety of the bridge meet higher requirements, the higher requirements for bridge construction monitoring are put forward. At present the construction of the project is rough and there is a certain gap between the safety requirements and the engineering problems. So strictly check the problem, correct adjustment of construction progress, strict control of construction quality. Construction monitoring is a key step to control the progress and quality of the project. However, at present, the evaluation of construction monitoring effect often relies on personal experience, and gives a general qualitative evaluation result, the evaluation is relatively rough. This paper uses the actual engineering data to make the accurate quantitative analysis to the construction monitoring effect and evaluates the score with the expert opinion. In this paper, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate the construction monitoring object of long-span cable-stayed bridge. The research works are as follows: (1) the paper introduces the application of fuzzy mathematics theory in engineering, and the research papers on construction monitoring are rare. This paper is an exploration of this aspect. (2) the thought principle, model and procedure of AHP are introduced carefully, and the construction monitoring hierarchy index of long-span cable-stayed bridge is established. It makes the complex and disordered monitoring and judging object of bridge structure clear and combing, which shows the feasibility and superiority of AHP in the practical application of engineering. Of course, it also briefly introduces his shortcomings and improvements. (3) the fuzzy subset and fuzzy operation of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, classical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and mathematical model are introduced. The methods of first-order fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are briefly introduced. The comparison matrix is constructed based on uncertainty hierarchy analysis, and the maximum eigenvector of matrix calculated by pairwise comparison method is used to test its consistency. The eigenvalue corresponding to the maximum eigenvector is normalized to obtain the weight value of the evaluation object. (4) in this paper, two practical engineering cases are used: the Liuchong River Cable-Stayed Bridge in Guizhou and the Jiujiang second Bridge Bridge. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is carried out for the construction monitoring of these two bridges. Their hierarchical evaluation models are clarified. With reference to the rules for the Detection and Evaluation of Bridge bearing capacity and the Technical Specification for Highway maintenance, it is divided into five grades: excellent condition, good condition, normal condition, bad condition and bad condition. The trapezoidal function is used as membership function, the measuring points and the membership degree of the whole index in different levels are calculated, the object of this lower layer is fuzzied, the upper layer is calculated, the fuzzy vector of the upper index is obtained, and the fuzzy vector of the upper index is calculated in turn. The fuzzy vector of the whole bridge is obtained and the evaluation value of the whole bridge is calculated. Through the research on the construction monitoring and control of engineering bridges in this paper, it is the application of mathematical theory to explore this field, which will be conducive to further research in the field of fuzzy comprehensive assessment. It can also be demonstrated that this method can be used in real life.
【學位授予單位】：長沙理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U445.4;U448.27

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 徐家云,何曉鳴,張俊,梁善齋,鮑政慧;模糊理論在橋梁評估中的應用[J];武漢理工大學學報;2003年07期

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本文編號：2199301