寬鋼箱梁精細(xì)化模型的車橋耦合振動(dòng)分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-20 09:00
【摘要】：隨著高強(qiáng)材料的使用,橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)趨于柔性化；以及交通事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,橋梁所承受的荷載越來(lái)越大。由于上述兩方面原因決定了車輛荷載在橋梁總荷載中的比重日益增大,因此在車輛荷載作用下橋梁的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)日趨顯著。活載作用下由箱梁橫向的彎曲、剪切變形而產(chǎn)生不容忽視的箱梁橫向撓曲。本文提出了一種精細(xì)化模型的分析方法進(jìn)行車橋耦合分析,該方法使用殼單元建立橋梁主梁模型,進(jìn)行車橋耦合動(dòng)力分析。 車橋耦合振動(dòng)一般不會(huì)導(dǎo)致橋梁整體的毀壞,但是車輛過橋時(shí),引起橋面的局部振動(dòng)的大小和對(duì)橋面板的損壞程度尚無(wú)定論,但是在車輛荷載長(zhǎng)期作用下,由于這樣的局部振動(dòng)會(huì)使橋面板出現(xiàn)疲勞、老化、開裂等問題。這些破損更易受到侵蝕,形成惡性循環(huán)。影響橋梁性能,增加養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用。研究橋梁的局部振動(dòng)問題將有助于人們更好地完善結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、規(guī)范車輛荷載并減少橋梁損壞。 目前在分析車-橋耦合振動(dòng)時(shí),橋梁模型一般采用桿系單元建模,使用橋梁截面形心處的振動(dòng)線性地描述橋面車輪處的振動(dòng)。對(duì)于寬箱梁結(jié)構(gòu)的橋梁,主梁截面橫向除了體現(xiàn)主梁整體斷面的振動(dòng)以外,另外還包含了橫向彎曲、剪切效應(yīng)以及箱梁頂?shù)装寰植空駝?dòng)的影響。由于輪下橋面板的振動(dòng)直接影響車-橋之間作用力的大小與方向,從而影響橋梁與車輛的振動(dòng)性能評(píng)價(jià),因此,對(duì)于寬箱梁橋梁有必要建立精細(xì)化的模型對(duì)車-橋耦合振動(dòng)影響的方式及水平開展具體研究,并對(duì)此類橋梁的桿系模型適應(yīng)性和現(xiàn)行橋梁規(guī)范沖擊系數(shù)計(jì)算作出評(píng)價(jià)。 本文在總結(jié)已有的車-橋耦合振動(dòng)研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,編制了空間薄殼單元有限元計(jì)算程序,在課題組自主車-橋耦合振動(dòng)分析軟件IPSAA中進(jìn)行分析,具體完成以下工作： ①基于Mindlin板單元理論,采用等參變換思想,將板單元的彎曲效應(yīng)和平面應(yīng)力效應(yīng)疊加,選擇對(duì)剪切剛度項(xiàng)采取低階積分的方法來(lái)克服板的剪切閉鎖問題,編制任意四邊形四結(jié)點(diǎn)殼單元有限元程序(ShellM4),并使用Ansys來(lái)驗(yàn)證編制的殼單元的力學(xué)性能。 ②基于Kirchhoff板單元理論,同樣將板單元的彎曲效應(yīng)和平面應(yīng)力效應(yīng)疊加,編制任意三角形殼單元的有限元程序,而一個(gè)任意四邊形被它的形心點(diǎn)劃分為4個(gè)三角形,采用靜力凝聚的方法,凝聚掉四邊形的形心點(diǎn)的自由度,即可得到一個(gè)由三角形構(gòu)成的任意四邊形殼單元(ShellF4),使用Ansys驗(yàn)證其力學(xué)性能。 ③基于龍馭球提出的基于四邊形面積坐標(biāo)的廣義協(xié)調(diào)殼單元理論編制了厚薄通用殼單元(Shell4GA),驗(yàn)證該殼單元的力學(xué)性能。 ④將理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐,針對(duì)某三跨連續(xù)鋼箱梁橋開展了精細(xì)化車橋耦合振動(dòng)分析,并與桿系橋梁模型的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,研究了不同車道行車的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)、撓度時(shí)程的頻譜分析以及沖擊系數(shù)的差異,研究表明：1)精細(xì)化模型的車橋耦合分析中,由于高頻參與了振型,增強(qiáng)了橋面板的局部振動(dòng),導(dǎo)致精細(xì)化模型的車橋耦合振動(dòng)分析計(jì)算結(jié)果大于桿系模型的計(jì)算值,精細(xì)化模型更加符合實(shí)際情況,2)精細(xì)化模型計(jì)算得到的沖擊系數(shù)大于規(guī)范的取值,有利于規(guī)范橋梁的設(shè)計(jì)、施工和養(yǎng)護(hù)。
[Abstract]:With the use of high-strength materials, the bridge structure tends to be flexible; as well as the rapid development of transportation, the load on the bridge is becoming larger and larger. Because of the above two reasons, the proportion of vehicle load in the total load of the bridge is increasing day by day, so the dynamic response of the bridge under vehicle load is becoming more and more significant. Lateral deflection of box girder can not be neglected due to transverse bending and shearing deformation of box girder. In this paper, a refined model analysis method is proposed for vehicle-bridge coupling analysis.
Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration generally does not lead to the destruction of the whole bridge, but the magnitude of local vibration and the damage degree of bridge deck are still uncertain when vehicles cross the bridge. However, under the long-term load of vehicles, such local vibration will cause fatigue, aging and cracking of bridge deck. Corrosion will lead to a vicious cycle, which will affect the performance of the bridge and increase the maintenance cost. The study of the local vibration of the bridge will help people to better improve the structural design, standardize the vehicle load and reduce the damage of the bridge.
At present, in the analysis of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, the bridge model is generally modeled by the rod system element, and the vibration at the center of the bridge section is used to describe the vibration at the wheel of the deck linearly. Because the vibration of the bridge deck under the wheel directly affects the magnitude and direction of the force between the vehicle and the bridge, and thus affects the vibration performance evaluation of the bridge and the vehicle, it is necessary to establish a refined model for the wide box girder bridge to study the mode and level of the influence of the coupling vibration between the vehicle and the bridge. The adaptability of the bridge model and the calculation of impact coefficient of existing bridge specifications are also evaluated.
On the basis of summarizing the existing research results of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, this paper compiles the finite element calculation program of space thin shell element, and carries on the analysis in the independent vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis software IPSAA of the research group. The concrete work is as follows:
(1) Based on Mindlin plate element theory, the bending effect and plane stress effect of plate element are superimposed by isoparametric transformation, and the shear locking problem of plate is overcome by low-order integral of shear stiffness term. The finite element program of arbitrary quadrilateral four-node shell element (ShellM4) is compiled and verified by Ansys. The mechanical properties of the element.
(2) Based on Kirchhoff's plate element theory, the bending effect and plane stress effect of the plate element are also superimposed, and the finite element program of arbitrary triangular shell element is compiled. An arbitrary quadrilateral is divided into four triangles by its center point, and the degree of freedom of the center point of the quadrilateral is condensed by means of static condensation. An arbitrary quadrilateral shell element (ShellF4) consisting of a triangle is used to verify its mechanical properties using Ansys.
(3) Based on the theory of generalized conforming shell element based on quadrilateral area coordinates proposed by Longyu Ball, a thick and thin universal shell element (Shell 4GA) was developed to verify the mechanical properties of the shell element.
(4) The theory is applied to practice, and the refined coupled vibration analysis of a three-span continuous steel box girder bridge is carried out, and the dynamic response of the bridge model is compared with that of the link bridge model. The dynamic response, the spectrum analysis of deflection time history and the difference of impact coefficient of different lanes are studied. In the combined analysis, the high frequency participates in the vibration mode and enhances the local vibration of the bridge deck, which results in the calculation result of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration of the refined model is larger than that of the rod model, and the refined model is more in line with the actual situation. 2) The impact coefficient calculated by the refined model is larger than the normative value, which is conducive to the standardization of the bridge design. Plan, construction and maintenance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3
本文編號(hào)：2193087
[Abstract]:With the use of high-strength materials, the bridge structure tends to be flexible; as well as the rapid development of transportation, the load on the bridge is becoming larger and larger. Because of the above two reasons, the proportion of vehicle load in the total load of the bridge is increasing day by day, so the dynamic response of the bridge under vehicle load is becoming more and more significant. Lateral deflection of box girder can not be neglected due to transverse bending and shearing deformation of box girder. In this paper, a refined model analysis method is proposed for vehicle-bridge coupling analysis.
Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration generally does not lead to the destruction of the whole bridge, but the magnitude of local vibration and the damage degree of bridge deck are still uncertain when vehicles cross the bridge. However, under the long-term load of vehicles, such local vibration will cause fatigue, aging and cracking of bridge deck. Corrosion will lead to a vicious cycle, which will affect the performance of the bridge and increase the maintenance cost. The study of the local vibration of the bridge will help people to better improve the structural design, standardize the vehicle load and reduce the damage of the bridge.
At present, in the analysis of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, the bridge model is generally modeled by the rod system element, and the vibration at the center of the bridge section is used to describe the vibration at the wheel of the deck linearly. Because the vibration of the bridge deck under the wheel directly affects the magnitude and direction of the force between the vehicle and the bridge, and thus affects the vibration performance evaluation of the bridge and the vehicle, it is necessary to establish a refined model for the wide box girder bridge to study the mode and level of the influence of the coupling vibration between the vehicle and the bridge. The adaptability of the bridge model and the calculation of impact coefficient of existing bridge specifications are also evaluated.
On the basis of summarizing the existing research results of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, this paper compiles the finite element calculation program of space thin shell element, and carries on the analysis in the independent vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis software IPSAA of the research group. The concrete work is as follows:
(1) Based on Mindlin plate element theory, the bending effect and plane stress effect of plate element are superimposed by isoparametric transformation, and the shear locking problem of plate is overcome by low-order integral of shear stiffness term. The finite element program of arbitrary quadrilateral four-node shell element (ShellM4) is compiled and verified by Ansys. The mechanical properties of the element.
(2) Based on Kirchhoff's plate element theory, the bending effect and plane stress effect of the plate element are also superimposed, and the finite element program of arbitrary triangular shell element is compiled. An arbitrary quadrilateral is divided into four triangles by its center point, and the degree of freedom of the center point of the quadrilateral is condensed by means of static condensation. An arbitrary quadrilateral shell element (ShellF4) consisting of a triangle is used to verify its mechanical properties using Ansys.
(3) Based on the theory of generalized conforming shell element based on quadrilateral area coordinates proposed by Longyu Ball, a thick and thin universal shell element (Shell 4GA) was developed to verify the mechanical properties of the shell element.
(4) The theory is applied to practice, and the refined coupled vibration analysis of a three-span continuous steel box girder bridge is carried out, and the dynamic response of the bridge model is compared with that of the link bridge model. The dynamic response, the spectrum analysis of deflection time history and the difference of impact coefficient of different lanes are studied. In the combined analysis, the high frequency participates in the vibration mode and enhances the local vibration of the bridge deck, which results in the calculation result of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration of the refined model is larger than that of the rod model, and the refined model is more in line with the actual situation. 2) The impact coefficient calculated by the refined model is larger than the normative value, which is conducive to the standardization of the bridge design. Plan, construction and maintenance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3
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