【摘要】：隨著全球經濟化和一體化發(fā)展的快速推進,全球各大地區(qū)之間的經濟貿易往來活動已經逐漸成為國民經濟的重要組成部分,而海上運輸由于其運量大、成本低以及貨物適應性強的特征已經成為了對外貿易的主要運輸方式和重要紐帶。自從20世紀50年代以來,集裝箱運輸便以其具有標準化、安全性、便于操作性等特點,迅速的成為了全球航運網絡體系中的重要運輸方式。此外,作為定期船運輸方式的一種,集裝箱班輪運輸由固定的船舶進行運輸,具有固定的航線掛靠順序,固定的掛靠港口,固定的靠泊時間窗和固定的運費率,因此,集裝箱班輪運輸的航線充分刻畫了航運網絡的演變過程,集裝箱班輪航運的發(fā)展對全球航運網絡體系的演變產生了深遠的影響。 利用復雜網絡理論,將港口子系統(tǒng)和航線子系統(tǒng)結合起來,以港口作為網絡節(jié)點,以集裝箱班輪航運企業(yè)運營的航線作為網絡節(jié)點與節(jié)點之間邊的連接關系從而構成集裝箱班輪航運網絡,直觀的體現了班輪航運網絡中各港口之間的復雜關系。本文選取全球排名前10家集裝箱班輪運輸公司和100個港口為研究樣本,將航運系統(tǒng)抽象為由港口和航線構成的網絡,對航運網絡的結構特性進行統(tǒng)計與分析,驗證了全球集裝箱班輪航運網絡的小世界和無標度特性。對其演化的動力機制進行深入剖析,充分考慮到現實集裝箱班輪航運網絡的規(guī)模限制與動態(tài)發(fā)展的演化特征,提出基于“優(yōu)勝劣汰”的五種機制：節(jié)點增加、節(jié)點刪除、擇優(yōu)連接、反擇優(yōu)刪除與重新連接；通過設計港口腹地經濟、港口吞吐量、港口區(qū)位等適應性指標對港口節(jié)點適應度進行度量,構建出一個適應度BA模型；運用復雜網絡理論對集裝箱班輪航運網絡的港口節(jié)點度分布進行理論推導,并通過數值模擬驗證了該模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy and integration, the economic and trade activities between the major regions of the world have gradually become an important part of the national economy. The characteristics of low cost and strong adaptability of goods have become the main mode and important link of foreign trade. Since the 1950s, container transportation has become an important transportation mode in the global shipping network system because of its standardization, security, ease of operation and so on. In addition, as a mode of scheduled ship transport, container liner transportation is carried out by a fixed vessel, with a fixed route link sequence, a fixed port, a fixed berthing window and a fixed freight rate. The route of container liner transportation fully describes the evolution of shipping network. The development of container liner shipping has a profound impact on the evolution of global shipping network system. Using the complex network theory, the port subsystem and the route subsystem are combined, and the port is used as the network node. Taking the route operated by the container liner shipping enterprise as the connection relationship between the nodes and the edges of the network, it forms the container liner shipping network, which intuitively reflects the complex relationship between the ports in the liner shipping network. This paper selects the top 10 container liner shipping companies and 100 ports as the research samples, abstracts the shipping system as a network composed of ports and routes, and makes statistics and analysis on the structural characteristics of the shipping networks. The small-world and scale-free characteristics of the global container liner shipping network are verified. In this paper, the dynamic mechanism of its evolution is deeply analyzed, and considering the limitation of the scale of the container liner shipping network and the evolution characteristics of its dynamic development, five mechanisms based on "survival of the fittest" are put forward: node increase, node deletion, Through the design of port hinterland economy, port throughput, port location and other adaptive indicators to measure the port node fitness, build a fitness BA model; Based on the complex network theory, the distribution of port node degree of container liner shipping network is derived theoretically, and the validity of the model is verified by numerical simulation.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U695.22

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