【摘要】：橋梁在營運過程中，由于外部環(huán)境和使用條件中的不可預知性，結(jié)構(gòu)的可靠性并不能完全保證。材料老化、自然條件惡劣及超載嚴重，已經(jīng)嚴重影響到橋梁的安全性和使用壽命。橋梁在安裝健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)后，可以評估結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性、耐久性和可靠性在橋梁的正常使用期內(nèi)，方便制定最優(yōu)的維修養(yǎng)護計劃，確保結(jié)構(gòu)運行安全。作為健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的核心，橋梁損傷識別已經(jīng)成為近年來橋梁工程界的研究熱點。 本文簡述了橋梁健康監(jiān)測和損傷識別等基本概念，歸納了目前用于橋梁損傷識別的各種方法，簡單分析了損傷識別研究的難點。首先將支持向量機方法應用于較簡單的桁架結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識別中，，最后將支持向量機方法應用于大跨度斜拉橋的損傷識別中，取得了較好的識別效果。具體工作有以下幾個方面： 1.介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)頻域損傷識別的基本特點，以桁架結(jié)構(gòu)為例選擇了較為合理的損傷指標。 2.以某大跨度斜拉橋為研究對象，通過傳感器優(yōu)化布置，對斜拉橋損傷前后進行數(shù)值模擬和計算分析，構(gòu)建樣本集。應用支持向量機的分類和回歸原理對損傷位置和損傷程度進行了識別，對不同情況下的損傷識別效果進行了對比，考慮了不同噪聲水平對于損傷識別效果的影響。 3.最后，針對本文的成果進行了總結(jié)，提出了在以后損傷識別中應該改進的地方。
[Abstract]:During the operation of the bridge, the reliability of the structure can not be guaranteed completely due to the unpredictability of the external environment and the operating conditions. The aging of materials, bad natural conditions and serious overload have seriously affected the safety and service life of bridges. After the health monitoring system is installed, the integrity, durability and reliability of the bridge can be evaluated during the normal service life of the bridge. It is convenient to make the best maintenance and maintenance plan and to ensure the safety of the structure. As the core of health monitoring system, bridge damage identification has become a research hotspot in the field of bridge engineering in recent years. In this paper, the basic concepts of bridge health monitoring and damage identification are briefly introduced, and various methods used in bridge damage identification are summarized, and the difficulties in the research of damage identification are simply analyzed. The support vector machine (SVM) method is applied to the damage identification of truss structures. Finally, the SVM method is applied to the damage identification of long-span cable-stayed bridges. The concrete work has the following several aspects: 1. This paper introduces the basic characteristics of structural damage identification in frequency domain, and takes truss structure as an example to select a more reasonable damage index. 2. Taking a long-span cable-stayed bridge as an object of study, a sample set was constructed by numerical simulation and calculation before and after the damage of the cable-stayed bridge. The classification and regression principle of support vector machine are applied to identify the location and degree of damage. The effects of different noise levels on damage identification are compared. 3. Finally, the results of this paper are summarized, and some improvements in damage identification are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U446

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