【摘要】：隨著我國高速公路的快速發(fā)展，交通噪聲已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重干擾了沿線居民的正常生活、工作和學(xué)習(xí)。作為一種經(jīng)濟(jì)且有效的降噪方法，聲屏障成為控制高速公路交通噪聲的主要措施，聲屏障的參數(shù)，如長(zhǎng)度、高速和設(shè)置位置，決定了聲屏障的降噪效果和建造成本。本文對(duì)聲屏障的設(shè)置參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究，不僅可以提高聲屏障的降噪效果，還可以降低聲屏障的建造成本。 本研究采用Cadna/A噪聲模擬軟件就該軟件在高速公路上的適用性進(jìn)行了研究與探討，模擬結(jié)果顯示：預(yù)測(cè)值與實(shí)測(cè)值有一定的偏差但偏差不大且兩者的變化規(guī)律是相同的，因此可以認(rèn)為該軟件在高速公路上是適用的。 利用噪聲模擬軟件對(duì)直立型、T型和內(nèi)傾型聲屏障的降噪效果進(jìn)行模擬，，結(jié)果顯示：T型聲屏障比較適合于受聲點(diǎn)位置較低處的噪聲控制措施，內(nèi)傾型聲屏障適合于受聲點(diǎn)位置較高處的噪聲控制措施。 同時(shí)，本文選取一種直立型聲屏障作為優(yōu)化對(duì)象。根據(jù)長(zhǎng)湘高速公路周邊敏感點(diǎn)的分布情況，構(gòu)建了現(xiàn)實(shí)的模擬場(chǎng)景，利用Cadna/A噪聲模擬軟件建立高速公路聲屏障降噪預(yù)測(cè)模型，對(duì)該類型聲屏障的設(shè)置參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，并將該優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)成果用來指導(dǎo)長(zhǎng)湘高速公路所選路段聲屏障的設(shè)置。研究結(jié)果顯示：在現(xiàn)實(shí)的高速公路模擬場(chǎng)景中，當(dāng)右側(cè)聲屏障設(shè)置長(zhǎng)度為440m高為3.6m，左側(cè)聲屏障設(shè)置長(zhǎng)度為400m高為4.4m時(shí)，該類型聲屏障不僅可以有效的控制噪聲污染使所有敏感建筑物均達(dá)標(biāo)，且實(shí)現(xiàn)了聲屏障建設(shè)成本的最小化，該研究可以為工程設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)。 聲屏障設(shè)置之后，通過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)噪聲值，所有敏感點(diǎn)均達(dá)標(biāo)。但是同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件預(yù)測(cè)值和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)值之間存在一定的偏差，軟件預(yù)測(cè)值跟現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)值相比偏高，造成這種結(jié)果的原因主要是軟件參數(shù)設(shè)定、背景噪聲值、聲屏障漏聲等因素造成的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway in China, traffic noise has seriously disturbed the normal life, work and study of residents along the route. As an economical and effective noise reduction method, noise barrier is the main measure to control highway traffic noise. The noise reduction effect and construction cost are determined by the noise barrier parameters, such as length, high speed and location. In this paper, the optimization of the noise barrier parameters is studied, which can not only improve the noise reduction effect of the noise barrier, but also reduce the construction cost of the noise barrier. In this study, Cadna / A noise simulation software was used to study and discuss the applicability of the software on expressway. The simulation results show that the predicted value and the measured value have a certain deviation, but the deviation is small and the law of change is the same. Therefore, it can be considered that the software is applicable on the highway. The noise reduction effects of vertical and introverted type noise barriers are simulated by using the noise simulation software. The results show that the noise control measures of the noise barrier with the ratio of 1: T type are more suitable for the noise control at the lower position of the noise point. The inclined-type sound barrier is suitable for noise control in the higher position of the sound point. At the same time, an upright sound barrier is chosen as the optimization object. According to the distribution of sensitive points in the periphery of Changxiang Expressway, a realistic simulation scene is constructed. The noise reduction prediction model of highway noise barrier is established by Cadna / A noise simulation software, and the setting parameters of this type of noise barrier are optimized and designed. The optimized design result is used to guide the setting of the noise barrier in the selected section of Changxiang Expressway. The results show that in the real highway simulation scene, when the length of the right side noise barrier is 440 m high is 3.6 m, the left side noise barrier setting length is 400m high is 4.4 m, This type of noise barrier can not only effectively control the noise pollution so that all sensitive buildings meet the standards, but also achieve the minimum construction cost of the noise barrier. This study can provide theoretical basis for engineering design. After setting up the sound barrier, all the sensitive points are up to standard through the measured noise value on the spot. But at the same time, it is also found that there is a certain deviation between the software prediction value and the field measured value. The software prediction value is higher than the field measured value. The main reasons for this result are software parameter setting, background noise value. Sound barrier leakage and other factors caused by.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.91;U417

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