本文選題：錯(cuò)臺(tái) + 裂縫　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著水泥混凝土路面的廣泛應(yīng)用，由于其在設(shè)計(jì)、施工、養(yǎng)護(hù)及運(yùn)營(yíng)等方面仍存在著一系列技術(shù)問(wèn)題，使得該種路面早期病害屢見(jiàn)不鮮，因此研究有效的水泥混凝土路面病害檢測(cè)算法來(lái)高效、準(zhǔn)確的獲取路面病害特征數(shù)據(jù)有著重要的價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。分析已有的國(guó)內(nèi)外錯(cuò)臺(tái)、裂縫檢測(cè)算法及較新的研究成果存在的缺陷，，確立了本文的具體研究?jī)?nèi)容以及需要重點(diǎn)解決的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。 本文針對(duì)激光三維成像系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)以及水泥混凝土路面的特性，對(duì)基于三維檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的錯(cuò)臺(tái)、裂縫檢測(cè)算法進(jìn)行了深入研究，完成了錯(cuò)臺(tái)量的計(jì)算和裂縫的識(shí)別與提取。首先提出雙相標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差和基于組合結(jié)構(gòu)元素的級(jí)聯(lián)形態(tài)學(xué)相結(jié)合的圖像預(yù)處理濾波算法；然后根據(jù)錯(cuò)臺(tái)的形狀特性，確定基于拐點(diǎn)的平均錯(cuò)臺(tái)量和最大錯(cuò)臺(tái)量計(jì)算方法。本文還實(shí)現(xiàn)將裂縫三維圖像數(shù)據(jù)歸一化為二維灰度圖像數(shù)據(jù)，并采用目標(biāo)減背景法進(jìn)行裂縫圖像去噪處理；然后研究基于最大類(lèi)間方差局部閾值分割法的裂縫目標(biāo)識(shí)別，并實(shí)現(xiàn)裂縫后處理與細(xì)化后的提取。 針對(duì)本文提出的錯(cuò)臺(tái)算法，設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)室外實(shí)驗(yàn)，可知錯(cuò)臺(tái)三維檢測(cè)結(jié)果與直尺測(cè)量結(jié)果基本吻合，兩者的絕對(duì)誤差在3mm以?xún)?nèi)，91%的錯(cuò)臺(tái)在2mm內(nèi)。并且本文錯(cuò)臺(tái)算法還能夠給出最大錯(cuò)臺(tái)量的值，為研究水泥混凝土路面錯(cuò)臺(tái)與水泥混凝土路面平整度、舒適性等的關(guān)系，以及錯(cuò)臺(tái)分級(jí)、錯(cuò)臺(tái)處置提供了輔助信息支持。同時(shí)裂縫的識(shí)別與提取方法研究為后續(xù)裂縫特征參數(shù)計(jì)算打下了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of cement concrete pavement, there are still a series of technical problems in the design, construction, maintenance and operation of the pavement. Therefore, it is of great value and practical significance to study the effective algorithm of cement concrete pavement disease detection to obtain the pavement disease characteristic data efficiently and accurately. This paper analyzes the defects of the existing fault stations, crack detection algorithms and new research results at home and abroad, and establishes the specific research contents and key technologies to be solved in this paper. Aiming at the characteristics of laser 3D imaging system and the characteristics of cement concrete pavement, this paper makes a deep research on the algorithm of fault platform and crack detection based on 3D detection data, and completes the calculation of the number of staggered platforms and the identification and extraction of cracks. An image preprocessing filtering algorithm combining biphase standard deviation and cascaded morphology based on combined structural elements is proposed, and then the calculation method of the average and maximum staggered station quantity based on inflection point is determined according to the shape characteristics of the staggered station. In this paper, the fracture 3D image data is normalized to two-dimensional gray image data, and the target subtraction background method is used to de-noising the crack image, and then the crack target recognition based on the maximum inter-class variance local threshold segmentation method is studied. The post-treatment of cracks and the extraction of thinning are realized. According to the algorithm proposed in this paper, indoor and outdoor experiments are carried out. It can be seen that the results of three dimensional measurement are basically consistent with the measured results, and the absolute error between them is 91% within 3mm and 91% in 2mm. Moreover, this algorithm can also give the maximum amount of stagger, which provides auxiliary information support for the study of the relationship between the misalignment of cement concrete pavement and the smoothness and comfort of cement concrete pavement, as well as the classification and disposal of staggered platforms. At the same time, the research on the identification and extraction of fractures lays a foundation for the calculation of fracture characteristic parameters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP391.41;U416.216;U418.6

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