本文選題：高速列車 + 隧道　； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速列車車頭駛?cè)胨淼肋^程中，車頭前產(chǎn)生初始?jí)嚎s波，該壓縮波傳播至隧道出口端時(shí)，部分壓縮波向隧道外輻射，強(qiáng)度足夠大時(shí)，形成洞口微壓波，對(duì)隧道周圍環(huán)境和居民產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響。列車通過隧道過程中形成隧道壓力波，該壓力波傳入車廂內(nèi)，影響司乘人員的乘車舒適性。因此，準(zhǔn)確模擬出初始?jí)嚎s波以及隧道內(nèi)壓力波具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文采用渦聲理論方法研究了高速列車進(jìn)入隧道過程產(chǎn)生的隧道壓力波。列車車頭進(jìn)入隧道過程中車頭相當(dāng)于點(diǎn)源，將其用單極子源代替模擬其產(chǎn)生的初始?jí)嚎s波，并與車頭用單極子源和偶極子源代替時(shí)產(chǎn)生的初始?jí)嚎s波進(jìn)行對(duì)比。列車車身進(jìn)入隧道過程中，考慮了出流渦和分離流動(dòng)對(duì)壓力波的影響。車尾進(jìn)入隧道過程中，車尾相當(dāng)于點(diǎn)匯并用單極子源和偶極子源代替。初始?jí)嚎s波及隧道壓力波的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與國(guó)外試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)吻合較好。基于該方法研究了四種列車頭型，，旋成圓錐體、旋成拋物體、旋成橢圓體及鈍體、列車速度對(duì)初始?jí)嚎s波及壓力變化率的影響。給出了旋成圓錐體、旋成拋物體、旋成橢圓體、鈍體四種列車頭型下，壓縮波的最大壓力變化值和最大壓力變化率與速度的擬合方程。 本文首次將渦聲理論分析方法與一維可壓縮非定常流動(dòng)模型特征線法進(jìn)行耦合，改進(jìn)了一維特征線法，使其能夠模擬不同的列車頭型。高速列車進(jìn)入隧道過程中，車頭和車尾附近三維效應(yīng)較強(qiáng)烈的區(qū)域采用渦聲理論方法計(jì)算，環(huán)狀空間以及隧道內(nèi)其它區(qū)域采用一維特征線法計(jì)算。通過與國(guó)外模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了旋成體列車進(jìn)入隧道時(shí)耦合方法及耦合程序的正確性�；隈詈戏椒ㄑ芯苛肆熊囶^型和列車速度對(duì)隧道內(nèi)壓力波及其變化率的影響。 本文建立的耦合方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了以較少的計(jì)算機(jī)資源較為準(zhǔn)確的模擬列車進(jìn)入隧道過程產(chǎn)生的壓力波動(dòng)。本文的一些研究方法和結(jié)論可為相關(guān)研究人員提供參考。
[Abstract]:The initial compression wave is produced in front of the high speed train in the process of entering the tunnel. When the compression wave propagates to the exit of the tunnel, some of the compressed wave radiates outside the tunnel, and when the intensity is large enough, the micro-pressure wave forms at the opening of the tunnel. Have a serious impact on the surrounding environment and residents of the tunnel. The tunnel pressure wave is formed in the course of train passing through the tunnel, and the pressure wave is introduced into the compartment, which affects the ride comfort of the passengers. Therefore, it is of practical significance and practical value to accurately simulate the initial compression wave and the pressure wave in the tunnel. In this paper, the pressure wave generated by high-speed train entering the tunnel is studied by means of eddy sound theory. In the process of the train front entering the tunnel, the front of the train is equivalent to the point source, and the initial compression wave generated by the monopole source is replaced by the monopole source, and compared with the initial compression wave produced when the train head is replaced by the monopole source and the dipole source. In the process of the train body entering the tunnel, the influence of the outflow vortex and the separated flow on the pressure wave is considered. In the process of entering the tunnel, the rear end is equivalent to point convergence and is replaced by monopole source and dipole source. The numerical simulation results of initial compression and tunnel pressure waves are in good agreement with foreign experimental data. Based on this method, the effect of train velocity on the rate of initial compression and pressure variation is studied. Four types of train head, rotating cone, rotating throwing object, rotating ellipsoid and blunt body are studied. The fitting equations of the maximum pressure variation value and the maximum pressure change rate and velocity of the compression wave are given under four kinds of train heads, I. e., cone, object, ellipsoid and blunt body. In this paper, for the first time, the theory of vortex-acoustic analysis is coupled with the eigenline method of one-dimensional compressible unsteady flow model, and the one-dimensional characteristic line method is improved to make it possible to simulate different train heads. In the process of high-speed train entering the tunnel, the three dimensional effect near the front and rear of the vehicle is calculated by the eddy sound theory method, and the annular space and other areas in the tunnel are calculated by the one-dimensional characteristic line method. The correctness of the coupling method and the coupling program are verified by comparing the results of the model tests with those of other countries. Based on the coupling method, the influence of train head and train speed on the pressure wave and its variation rate in the tunnel is studied. The coupling method established in this paper can simulate the pressure fluctuation caused by the train entering the tunnel with less computer resources. Some research methods and conclusions in this paper can provide reference for related researchers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U270.11;U451.3

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