本文選題：低碳公路 + 路線設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)��； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，隨著大氣中CO2濃度的不斷升高，全球氣候變暖問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)峻，由此引發(fā)的各種自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)，嚴(yán)重威脅到人類的生存環(huán)境和安全。世界各國(guó)都在積極采取措施，共同應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化問(wèn)題，不斷加大節(jié)能減排力度，走綠色低碳發(fā)展之路。公路交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)的CO2排放量巨大，且隨著公路通車?yán)锍毯推嚤Ｓ辛康牟粩嘣黾�，公路碳排放有不斷增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)制定合理的路線設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)，對(duì)于降低公路碳排放水平，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益增長(zhǎng)和區(qū)域環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展具有重要意義。近幾年，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者紛紛投入低碳公路的研究，本文主要做了以下工作： （1）分析了車型與CO2排放系數(shù)、車輛運(yùn)行速度、交通量、圓曲線半徑、路面面層特性、縱曲線坡度和坡長(zhǎng)、綠化帶植物碳匯等與公路運(yùn)營(yíng)期碳排放密切相關(guān)的影響因素；對(duì)路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)中的車輛運(yùn)行速度和縱曲線坡度進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)研究，并建立了相應(yīng)的碳計(jì)量公式；完善了已有的公路運(yùn)營(yíng)期碳計(jì)量模型和綠化帶植物碳匯計(jì)量方法。 （2）以公路運(yùn)營(yíng)期碳排放為母序列，，各個(gè)路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)為子序列，進(jìn)行了灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析，得到了公路路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的低碳關(guān)聯(lián)度。從小到大排序依次為：路面平整度＜圓曲線半徑＜縱曲線坡度＜車輛運(yùn)行速度＜綠化帶植物碳匯狀況＜交通量，進(jìn)一步確定了需要重點(diǎn)研究的路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)為：車輛運(yùn)行速度和縱曲線坡度。 （3）建立了車輛運(yùn)行速度和縱曲線坡度分別與交通事故率、車輛運(yùn)輸成本、路基土石方數(shù)量以及旅客節(jié)約時(shí)間效益之間的變化關(guān)系，及相應(yīng)的函數(shù)預(yù)測(cè)方程。分析了公路路線設(shè)計(jì)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題，建立了多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。借助MATLAB優(yōu)化工具箱，運(yùn)用fgoalattain函數(shù)調(diào)用格式，采用目標(biāo)規(guī)劃法，編程求解得到了不同車型優(yōu)化后的路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)——車輛運(yùn)行速度和縱曲線坡度的取值。 （4）分析了公路建設(shè)主體和環(huán)境監(jiān)督主體之間的博弈過(guò)程，建立了完全信息靜態(tài)博弈模型。研究了博弈模型中的收益函數(shù)，包括：土石方填挖工程量、路面日常養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用、交通事故費(fèi)用、公路碳交易收入、綠化帶植物碳匯效益等。建立了支付矩陣，求解得到了純策略納什均衡解和混合策略納什均衡解，給出了公路建設(shè)過(guò)程中的最優(yōu)低碳建設(shè)策略和最優(yōu)環(huán)境監(jiān)督策略。 通過(guò)以上研究，得到了公路路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的碳計(jì)量方法，對(duì)于定量測(cè)算公路運(yùn)營(yíng)期碳排放具有重要意義。運(yùn)用MATLAB編程實(shí)現(xiàn)路線設(shè)計(jì)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化過(guò)程，得到了路線設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的最優(yōu)值，可以為公路設(shè)計(jì)部門編制路線設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范提供科學(xué)指導(dǎo)。通過(guò)博弈模型的研究，得到了公路低碳建設(shè)和環(huán)境監(jiān)督最優(yōu)策略，可以為低碳公路建設(shè)者提供決策支持。研究成果對(duì)于降低公路碳排放水平，并在一定程度上降低公路交通事故率、提高公路建設(shè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、降低公路運(yùn)輸成本，以及實(shí)現(xiàn)公路交通運(yùn)輸?shù)目沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展都具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years , with the increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere , the problem of global warming is becoming more and more serious , the natural disasters caused by natural disasters are threatening the living environment and security of mankind . All the countries in the world are actively taking measures to jointly deal with the global climate change problem . The emission of CO2 in the highway transportation industry is significant . In recent years , the scholars in the world have invested in the research of low - carbon highway . In recent years , scholars at home and abroad have invested in the research of low - carbon highway . In recent years , the following work has been done :

( 1 ) The influence factors of vehicle model and CO2 emission coefficient , vehicle running speed , traffic volume , circle curve radius , pavement surface layer characteristic , longitudinal curve slope and slope length , green belt plant carbon sink and so on are analyzed .
The running speed and the slope of the longitudinal curve in the key parameters of the route design are studied , and the corresponding carbon measurement formula is established .
The existing carbon measurement model of highway operation period and the method of carbon sink measurement of green belt plants are perfected .

( 2 ) Based on the emission of carbon in the operation period of the highway as the parent sequence , the key parameters of each route design are sub - sequences , the grey correlation analysis is carried out , and the low - carbon correlation degree of the key parameters of the highway route design is obtained . From the small to large , the key parameters of the route design which need to be studied are as follows : the running speed of the vehicle and the slope of the longitudinal curve .

( 3 ) The relationship between the vehicle running speed and the slope of the longitudinal curve is established , and the relation between the traffic accident rate , the vehicle transportation cost , the number of subgrade earthwork and the time - saving effect of the passenger is established . The multi - objective optimization problem of the highway route design is analyzed , and the multi - objective optimization mathematical model is established . With the aid of the MATLAB optimization toolbox , the target planning method is adopted to solve the route design key parameter _ vehicle running speed and the longitudinal curve slope after the optimization of different models .

( 4 ) The game process between the main body of highway and the main body of environmental supervision is analyzed , and a complete information static game model is established . The income function in the game model is studied .

Through the above research , the carbon measurement method of the key parameters of the highway route design is obtained , which is of great significance for the quantitative calculation of the carbon emission during the operation period of the highway . The optimal value of the key parameters of the route design is obtained by using MATLAB programming to realize the optimal value of the key parameters of the highway design department .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U412.32

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