本文選題：交通流 + 動態(tài)特性�。� 參考：《青島理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,交通問題已成為阻礙全球各城市發(fā)展的重要因素之一,如何有效解決交通問題已成為一項重要難題。交通流理論是解決交通問題的理論基礎(chǔ)。交通流特性作為交通領(lǐng)域研究熱點之一,其發(fā)展與應(yīng)用對解決交通問題起著重要的現(xiàn)實意義。目前,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者主要從微觀和宏觀兩方面進(jìn)行研究,并建立了多種交通流模型,為更加深層次的交通流特性研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 本文對城市快速路交通流運行特性進(jìn)行分析,提出交通流態(tài)勢的定義,并建立交通流運行動態(tài)特性下的微觀和宏觀模型；利用交通流態(tài)勢分析系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,驗證了模型的合理性。 論文首先以城市快速路為研究對象,提出交通流態(tài)勢的概念,并從微觀和宏觀兩方面分析城市快速路交通流運行的動態(tài)特性。微觀方面主要對車頭時距、車頭間距和車速進(jìn)行了分析；宏觀方面主要對交通量、速度和密集度三參數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)理統(tǒng)計分析,為構(gòu)建交通流模型提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 其次,基于交通流守恒定律與平衡法則,研究不同道路交通場景下的交通流特性并建立微觀交通流模型,通過數(shù)據(jù)的模擬驗證了模型的有效性。 隨著ITS技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及交通流量的迅速增加,交通流中車輛的獨立性越來越小,即隨機(jī)性與不確定性變?nèi)?規(guī)律性漸強(qiáng),主要體現(xiàn)在交通流宏觀方面。本文基于分子動力學(xué)理論,對交通流宏觀運行特性進(jìn)行分析；以車輛跟馳行為為基點,考慮車輛運行動態(tài)特性對宏觀交通流的影響,導(dǎo)出速度-流量、流量-密度模型,并通過實際數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行仿真驗證。 最后,通過建立交通流態(tài)勢分析系統(tǒng)來獲取實時的動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù),分析系統(tǒng)獲取不同信息的機(jī)理,為上述微觀和宏觀交通流運行動念模型提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:At present, the traffic problem has become one of the important factors that hinder the development of every city in the world, and how to solve the traffic problem effectively has become an important problem. Traffic flow theory is the theoretical basis for solving traffic problems. As one of the research hotspots in traffic field, the development and application of traffic flow characteristics play an important role in solving traffic problems. At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly from the micro and macro aspects of research, and established a variety of traffic flow models, for a deeper study of traffic flow characteristics laid the foundation. In this paper, the traffic flow characteristics of urban expressway are analyzed, the definition of traffic flow situation is put forward, and the micro and macro models of traffic flow dynamic characteristics are established, and the traffic flow situation analysis system is used to carry out numerical simulation. The rationality of the model is verified. Firstly, the concept of traffic flow situation is put forward, and the dynamic characteristics of urban expressway traffic flow are analyzed from micro and macro aspects. In the micro aspect, the time distance, the distance between the front and the vehicle speed are analyzed, and the three parameters of traffic volume, speed and density are analyzed in the macroscopic aspect, which provides the theoretical basis for the construction of the traffic flow model. Secondly, based on the conservation law of traffic flow and the law of balance, the characteristics of traffic flow in different road traffic scenarios are studied and the microscopic traffic flow model is established. The validity of the model is verified by the simulation of the data. With the development of its technology and the rapid increase of traffic flow, the independence of vehicles in traffic flow becomes less and less, that is, randomness and uncertainty become weaker and the regularity becomes stronger, which is mainly reflected in the macroscopic aspect of traffic flow. Based on the theory of molecular dynamics, this paper analyzes the macroscopic operation characteristics of traffic flow, taking the car-following behavior as the base point, considering the influence of the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle running on the macro-traffic flow, and deducing the velocity-flow, flow-density model. And through the actual data simulation verification. Finally, through the establishment of traffic flow situation analysis system to obtain real-time dynamic data, analyze the mechanism of the system to obtain different information, and provide data support and technical support for the microscopic and macro-traffic flow operation model mentioned above.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.112

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