本文選題：動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重 + 壓電薄膜　； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：超限超載現(xiàn)象已嚴(yán)重危害到公路橋梁的安全性和使用壽命。交通部門(mén)為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)超限超載車(chē)輛的管理和實(shí)際交通數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)，對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重（WIM）提出了越來(lái)越高的要求。目前市場(chǎng)上運(yùn)用的動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)均存在過(guò)車(chē)速度不高，靈敏度差，精度低等諸多問(wèn)題。而且研究證明，車(chē)輛輪跡線在橋梁橫斷面上的橫向位置影響著橋梁的結(jié)構(gòu)行為，是橋梁荷載的一個(gè)重要參數(shù)。因此，建立一種能識(shí)別車(chē)輛輪跡線橫向位置、靈敏度高的高速動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)，對(duì)有效維護(hù)重要公路及橋梁的安全運(yùn)營(yíng)具有重要意義。 本文基于靈敏度高、穩(wěn)定性好的壓電薄膜軸傳感器，通過(guò)合理設(shè)計(jì)傳感器的布設(shè)方式，即首次采用三根傳感器以“N”形布設(shè)在車(chē)道中，研發(fā)了一套可檢測(cè)車(chē)輛輪跡線橫向位置的動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)。基于Labview的編程平臺(tái)，設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的分析軟件。研發(fā)的動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)不僅可以提高動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重測(cè)量精度，還可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)車(chē)輛輪跡線橫向位置的檢測(cè)，也可為交通部門(mén)對(duì)交通數(shù)據(jù)的調(diào)查提供一種新的簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的方法。 論文的主要工作如下： 1.詳細(xì)闡述了壓電薄膜軸傳感器的壓電特性和壓電原理，介紹了為保證傳感器稱(chēng)重精度，在傳感器安裝及運(yùn)用時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題。針對(duì)環(huán)境溫度的變化會(huì)導(dǎo)致傳感器壓電常數(shù)、體電阻和彈性模量的變化，造成稱(chēng)重結(jié)果的誤差，提出了溫度的補(bǔ)償公式。 2.考慮到車(chē)輛的附加動(dòng)荷載以及壓電薄膜軸傳感器的稱(chēng)重特點(diǎn)，提出了優(yōu)于峰值法的面積積分方法對(duì)車(chē)輛參數(shù)進(jìn)行識(shí)別計(jì)算。 3.通過(guò)合理設(shè)計(jì)壓電薄膜軸傳感器的布設(shè)方式，研發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)了一套可識(shí)別車(chē)輛輪跡線位置的動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)。利用Labview編程語(yǔ)言，對(duì)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了軟件開(kāi)發(fā)，能對(duì)采集的信號(hào)進(jìn)行計(jì)算得到車(chē)輛速度、軸重、總重、軸距、輪跡線橫向位置等數(shù)據(jù)。 4.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)計(jì)了試驗(yàn)方案，，驗(yàn)證了所研發(fā)的動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)和系統(tǒng)算法的可行性。以黃山市占川河橋?yàn)楸尘�，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證所研發(fā)的壓電薄膜軸動(dòng)態(tài)稱(chēng)重系統(tǒng)，并詳細(xì)討論了系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝所應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題。實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，系統(tǒng)具有良好的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性，精度滿(mǎn)足工程要求。
[Abstract]:Overloading phenomenon has seriously endangered the safety and service life of highway bridges. In order to strengthen the management of overloaded vehicles and the statistics of actual traffic data, traffic departments put forward higher and higher requirements for dynamic weighing WIMs. At present, the dynamic weighing system used in the market has many problems, such as low speed, low sensitivity, low precision and so on. It is proved that the transverse position of vehicle wheel track on the cross section of the bridge affects the structural behavior of the bridge and is an important parameter of the bridge load. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a high speed dynamic weighing system which can recognize the lateral position of vehicle wheel track and has high sensitivity to maintain the safe operation of important highways and bridges. In this paper, based on the piezoelectric thin film axis sensor with high sensitivity and good stability, three sensors are used in the driveway for the first time through the reasonable design of the sensor layout, which is the first time that three sensors are used in the driveway with "N" shape. A dynamic weighing system which can detect the lateral position of vehicle wheel track is developed. Based on the programming platform of Labview, the analysis software of the system is designed. The developed dynamic weighing system can not only improve the measuring accuracy of dynamic weighing, but also realize the detection of lateral position of vehicle wheel track, and also provide a new simple and practical method for traffic data investigation in traffic department. The main work of the thesis is as follows: 1. The piezoelectric characteristics and piezoelectric principle of piezoelectric thin film axis sensor are described in detail. The problems that should be paid attention to in the installation and application of the sensor in order to ensure the weighing accuracy of the sensor are introduced. In view of the error of weighing result caused by the change of ambient temperature, piezoelectric constant, bulk resistance and elastic modulus of the sensor, the compensation formula of temperature is put forward. 2. Considering the additional dynamic load of the vehicle and the weighing characteristics of the piezoelectric thin film axle sensor, an area integral method which is superior to the peak value method is proposed to identify and calculate the vehicle parameters. 3. A dynamic weighing system which can identify the position of vehicle wheel track is developed and designed by reasonably designing the configuration of piezoelectric thin film shaft sensor. By using Labview programming language, the symmetrical weight system is developed, which can calculate the vehicle speed, axle load, total weight, wheelbase, transverse position of wheel trace and so on. 4. The experimental scheme is designed in the laboratory to verify the feasibility of the developed dynamic weighing system and system algorithm. Based on the Jinchuan River Bridge in Huangshan City, the piezoelectric film shaft dynamic weighing system developed in the field test is verified, and the problems that should be paid attention to when the system is installed in the field are discussed in detail. The results of laboratory and field tests show that the system has good stability and reliability, and the precision meets the requirements of engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U492.321

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