本文選題：交通情景 + 形式化描述　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市交通擁堵已經(jīng)成為困擾大中型城市發(fā)展的重要難題。長期以來,交通問題一直被視為工程類問題,大多是用系統(tǒng)工程的方法進行問題的分析與求解；研究往往分而治之,只考慮交通領(lǐng)域的某一個方面；提出的建議或措施缺乏系統(tǒng)的機理分析,更多時候僅僅考慮交通效率最大化的問題。隨著交通問題形式的諸多呈現(xiàn),交通系統(tǒng)是一個復(fù)雜的社會工程和人類活動系統(tǒng)的觀點逐漸得到國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的認同。城市交通問題是多種社會文化因素的共同作用結(jié)果,并且多數(shù)是以人的交通活動為中心的社會問題,具有較強的社會性、人文性和復(fù)雜性。 本文從社會對于交通問題的訴求、常見交通情景和交通社會行為知識等現(xiàn)象層面入手,對城市交通(特別是道路交叉口)進行技術(shù)復(fù)雜性和社會復(fù)雜性兩個層次的解析。基于軟系統(tǒng)方法設(shè)計交通情景和交通社會行為知識的形式化描述模型,并以此概念模型為元胞自動機模擬的設(shè)計基礎(chǔ),將形式化描述的交通情景和交通社會行為知識轉(zhuǎn)化為元胞自動機規(guī)則運用到模擬系統(tǒng)之中,驗證與優(yōu)化相應(yīng)的交通情景,進一步優(yōu)化交通系統(tǒng)的整體涌現(xiàn)狀態(tài)。 由于道路交叉口是城市交通問題的瓶頸,本文即以交叉口為主要研究對象,進行面向元胞自動機模擬的交通情景和交通社會行為知識的形式化描述及應(yīng)用的研究。首先,本文從不同視角、不同層面解析城市交通的復(fù)雜性,即不僅具有工程型,還具有社會性；其次,基于軟系統(tǒng)方法,創(chuàng)新性的提出SMART描述模型,進行交通情景形式化描述的模型設(shè)計,并以圖片或組圖為例,進行交通情景形式化描述的實例探究,為后續(xù)CA模擬提供初始狀態(tài)與驗證優(yōu)化分析依據(jù)；然后,基于CA模型的理想模型、參與者特征模型和參與者交互模型三層架構(gòu)對于不同交通社會行為知識的需求,分種類、分層次的進行其形式化的描述與組織,建立了范疇主題詞表；最后,本文結(jié)合項目現(xiàn)有素材和實現(xiàn)目標,對具有社會復(fù)雜性及復(fù)雜知識的道路交叉口CA模擬進行概念模型和邏輯模型的設(shè)計,實現(xiàn)將交通情景和交通社會行為知識的形式化描述成果應(yīng)用于CA模擬中的目的。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic congestion has become an important problem for the development of large and medium cities. For a long time, traffic problems have been regarded as engineering problems, most of which are analyzed and solved by the method of system engineering. The proposed suggestions or measures lack systematic mechanism analysis, and more often only consider the problem of maximizing traffic efficiency. With the emergence of many forms of traffic problems, the view that transportation system is a complex social engineering and human activity system has gradually been recognized by scholars at home and abroad. The urban traffic problem is the result of the common action of many kinds of social and cultural factors, and most of them are social problems centered on people's traffic activities, which have strong sociality, humanism and complexity. This paper begins with the demands of society for traffic problems, common traffic situations and knowledge of traffic social behavior, and analyzes the technical complexity and social complexity of urban traffic (especially road intersections). Based on soft system method, a formal description model of traffic situation and traffic social behavior knowledge is designed, and the conceptual model is used as the design basis of cellular automata simulation. The formal description of traffic scenarios and the knowledge of traffic social behavior are transformed into cellular automata rules to verify and optimize the corresponding traffic scenarios and further optimize the overall emerging state of traffic systems. Because road intersection is the bottleneck of urban traffic problem, this paper takes intersection as the main research object, and studies the formal description and application of traffic scene and traffic social behavior knowledge oriented to cellular automata simulation. First of all, this paper analyzes the complexity of urban traffic from different perspectives and different levels, that is, not only engineering, but also sociality. Secondly, based on the soft system approach, an innovative SMART description model is proposed. The model of formal description of traffic scenarios is designed, and the case study of formal description of traffic scenarios is carried out by taking pictures or group diagrams as an example, which provides the basis for initial state and verification optimization analysis for subsequent CA simulation. Based on the ideal model of CA model, the participant characteristic model and the participant interaction model, the needs of different traffic social behavior knowledge are described and organized according to different categories and levels, and the category topic lexicon is established. Finally, this paper designs the conceptual model and logical model of the road intersection CA simulation with social complexity and complex knowledge by combining the existing materials and the realization objectives of the project. The purpose of applying formal description of traffic scenarios and knowledge of traffic social behavior to CA simulation is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：1974287