本文選題：鐵尾礦砂 + 砂漿　； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：開采礦產(chǎn)資源產(chǎn)生了數(shù)量巨大的資源垃圾——尾礦砂，尾礦占用土地、污染環(huán)境，甚至危及百姓生命財產(chǎn)。與此同時，建筑與道路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資日益加大，天然砂材料緊缺，國家出臺政策防治亂采亂挖，尋找合理的替代材料刻不容緩。尾礦砂作為放錯了地方的資源，如果能成為替代材料，，不僅能盤活土地、減小污染，還能降低材料成本，創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會效益，促進(jìn)社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文分析了鐵尾礦砂的成分及特性，通過一系列試驗，確定了其用于建筑砂漿和道路基層的工程材料上的可能性。 首先，研究將鐵尾礦砂等體積取代天然砂對普通砂漿性能的影響程度和規(guī)律，確定鐵尾礦砂配制普通砂漿的適宜摻量。通過對砂漿的流動性、表觀密度、抗壓強(qiáng)度和抗凍性的試驗分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)鐵尾礦砂等體積取代天然砂時，隨著單位體積內(nèi)尾礦砂摻量增多，流動性先增大后減小，砂漿分層度基本上能保持在10mm~20mm之間，抗凍性等符合性能要求。合適的配比可以使混合砂漿符合性能要求，砂漿密實度增加，水泥充分骨料，抗壓強(qiáng)度增大。試驗表明，水泥砂漿配合比1:4，鐵尾礦砂替代天然砂比例為60%時最佳。 其次，參考二灰土和二灰碎石的配比，設(shè)計二灰礦砂中的二灰與鐵尾礦砂的配合比。通過研究二灰礦砂基層混合料的無側(cè)限抗壓強(qiáng)度、擊實試驗、抗凍性和耐水性能，發(fā)現(xiàn)二灰礦砂強(qiáng)度主要由石灰和粉煤灰反應(yīng)生成的膠凝物穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)提供，隨著石灰含量的增加強(qiáng)度先增加后降低。鐵尾礦砂在二灰礦砂中起骨料作用，摻量過多后混合料中空隙率過大，二灰無法充分填實空隙，結(jié)構(gòu)密實度降低，抗壓強(qiáng)度下降。二灰礦砂的強(qiáng)度、抗凍性、耐水性均隨齡期增長而增強(qiáng)。最終確定二灰礦砂最佳配比為二灰：尾礦砂為30:70。通過對同配比二灰礦砂與二灰土、二灰碎石的性能對比分析，確定了二灰礦砂能夠應(yīng)用各等級、各類城市道路的底基層、二級和二級以下公路的基層。
[Abstract]:Mining mineral resources produces a huge amount of garbage-tailings, which occupy land, pollute environment and even endanger people's life and property. At the same time, the investment in infrastructure such as construction and road is increasing day by day, and the natural sand material is in short supply. As the resources in the wrong place, tailings can not only invigorate the land, reduce the pollution, but also reduce the cost of materials, create economic and social benefits, and promote the sustainable development of society. In this paper, the composition and characteristics of iron tailings are analyzed. Through a series of tests, the possibility of using them as engineering materials for building mortar and road base is determined. Firstly, the influence degree and law of replacing natural sand with iron tailings in equal volume on the performance of ordinary mortar are studied, and the suitable amount of iron tailings to prepare ordinary mortar is determined. Through the experimental analysis of the fluidity, apparent density, compressive strength and frost resistance of mortar, it is found that when iron tailings replace natural sand in volume, the fluidity increases first and then decreases with the increase of tailings content per unit volume. Mortar delamination can be maintained between 10mm~20mm, frost resistance and other performance requirements. The mix mortar can meet the requirements of performance, the compactness of mortar increases, the cement aggregate is sufficient and the compressive strength increases. The test results show that when the mix ratio of cement mortar is 1: 4 and the ratio of iron tailings instead of natural sand is 60%, it is the best one. Secondly, according to the ratio of lime-lime soil and lime-fly ash gravel, the mixture ratio of lime-fly ash and iron tailings is designed. By studying the unconfined compressive strength, compaction test, frost resistance and water resistance of lime-fly ash base mixture, it is found that the strength of lime-lime ore sand is mainly provided by the stable structure of cement produced by the reaction of lime and fly ash. With the increase of lime content, the strength increased first and then decreased. Iron tailings play an aggregate role in the lime-ash ore sand. When the content of iron tailings is too high, the porosity in the mixture is too large, the structure compactness is reduced and the compressive strength is decreased because the lime-fly ash can not fully fill the void. The strength, frost resistance and water resistance of lime-fly ash ore are increased with the increase of age. Finally, it is determined that the optimum ratio of lime-ash ore sand is lime-fly ash and that of tailings is 30: 70. By comparing and analyzing the properties of lime-fly ash ore sand and lime-lime soil and lime-ash gravel, it is determined that lime-ash ore sand can be applied to the base course of all kinds of urban roads, and the base of roads below the second grade and the second grade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U414

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