本文選題：大貨車 + 事故致因　； 參考：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國貨物運輸中，大貨車運輸占有舉足輕重的地位。當前，貨運市場正朝著大型化、重載化的方向發(fā)展，隨之而來的是大貨車交通事故的大幅上升，給人民的生命財產(chǎn)帶來重大損失，大貨車對道路交通安全的影響已成為亟待解決的問題，因此本文對大貨車交通事故致因機理及對策進行研究具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先介紹了交通事故的基本概念，在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外大貨車事故研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，以大貨車交通事故統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù)，分別從事故形態(tài)、事故時間、載重、速度、天氣、駕駛員駕齡等方面分析總結(jié)了大貨車交通事故的特征；從駕駛員、車輛性能、道路條件、交通環(huán)境、違法行為等角度對大貨車交通事故致因進行了分析。其次,以交通事故是一種不正常的或不希望的能量釋放或轉(zhuǎn)移為出發(fā)點，基于能量守恒定律、Gibson“能量意外釋放理論”和Haddon“能量轉(zhuǎn)移理論”，，提出了大貨車“能量儲備與釋放”事故機理；又從致使大貨車交通事故頻繁發(fā)生的違法行車行為角度出發(fā)，提出了3類大貨車“違法行車行為”事故機理，即“超載”事故機理、“超速”事故機理、“超限（即超高或超寬）”事故機理。然后在實例分析部分，先是通過一起典型的大貨車交通事故案例，分析闡述了大貨車交通事故過程中大貨車車輛的能量儲備與釋放過程；后是利用仿真軟件Trucksim8.0，針對兩類典型的大貨車違法行為（超速和超載）進行了仿真實驗，分析驗證了速度或載重不斷增加條件下大貨車事故率的變化趨勢。最后，本文基于所提出的大貨車事故致因和機理，從大貨車駕駛員的教育及管理、車輛安全性能的提高、道路事故多發(fā)點（段）的治理、大貨車行車環(huán)境的改善、大貨車違法行車行為的遏制等方面提出了預(yù)防大貨車交通事故的措施與對策。 本文研究成果對完善道路交通安全理論體系奠定了一定基礎(chǔ)，對預(yù)防大貨車交通事故的發(fā)生、提高公路安全運營及管理水平具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:In the transportation of goods in China, the transportation of large freight cars occupies an important position. At present, the freight market is developing towards large and heavy load, which is followed by a large increase in traffic accidents of large freight cars, causing great losses to the people's life and property, and the impact of large trucks on road traffic safety has become a problem to be solved urgently. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the cause mechanism and Countermeasures of large truck traffic accidents.
In this paper, the basic concept of traffic accident is introduced. On the basis of summarizing the current situation of large freight car accidents at home and abroad, based on the statistics of heavy truck traffic accidents, this paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of the truck traffic accidents from the aspects of accident form, accident time, load, speed, weather, driver's driving age and so on. From the driver and car, the traffic accidents are analyzed and summarized. The causes of vehicle accidents are analyzed in terms of vehicle performance, road conditions, traffic environment and illegal behavior. Secondly, traffic accidents are an abnormal or unwanted energy release or transfer as the starting point. Based on the law of conservation of energy, Gibson "theory of energy accidental release" and "energy transfer theory" of Haddon, it is put forward The accident mechanism of "energy reserve and release" of large freight cars, and from the angle of illegal driving caused by the frequent traffic accidents of large freight cars, put forward 3 kinds of "illegal driving behavior" accident mechanism, that is "overloading" accident mechanism, "overspeed" accident mechanism, "overlimit (that is ultra high or ultra wide)" accident mechanism. In the case of an example of a typical truck traffic accident case, the energy reserve and release process of large truck vehicles in the process of heavy truck traffic accidents are analyzed, and then the simulation software Trucksim8.0 is used to simulate the illegal behavior of two kinds of typical large freight cars (super speed and overload), and the speed of the simulation is analyzed and verified. In the end, this paper is based on the cause and mechanism of the truck accident, from the education and management of the truck drivers, the improvement of the vehicle safety performance, the control of the road accident multiple point (section), the improvement of the driving environment of the large freight car, the control of the illegal driving behavior of the large truck. Measures and Countermeasures for preventing large truck traffic accidents are put forward.
The research results of this paper have laid a certain foundation for improving the theoretical system of road traffic safety, and have a certain guiding role in preventing the occurrence of traffic accidents and improving the safety operation and management level of the highway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.31

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本文編號：1935861