本文選題：高速公路 + 分合流區(qū)��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著高速公路的快速發(fā)展，道路交通安全問題日益突出。高速公路分合流區(qū)和收費(fèi)站作為高速公路的重要組成部分，它的安全問題急需進(jìn)一步研究。針對傳統(tǒng)事故統(tǒng)計(jì)方法需要大量歷史事故數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)際問題，同時(shí)沖突與事故存在很大的相似性，越來越多的學(xué)者開始利用交通沖突技術(shù)分析和評價(jià)交通安全問題。綜上考慮，本文以高速公路立交分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站為研究對象，開展將交通沖突技術(shù)應(yīng)用于高速公路安全評價(jià)的研究工作。 首先，通過分析高速公分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站的交通沖突類型，制定了數(shù)據(jù)采集和提取方案，并對各分合流區(qū)和收費(fèi)站的交通組成、運(yùn)行速度、車頭時(shí)距等交通流特性進(jìn)行了分析。 其次，，從以時(shí)間和空間為度量的常見交通沖突指標(biāo)模型入手，結(jié)合采集到的車型、車速、車頭時(shí)距等基于車輛個(gè)體的交通流參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)，建立了基于碰撞時(shí)間（TTC）的追尾沖突計(jì)算模型，給出了基于后侵占時(shí)間（PET）的變道沖突計(jì)算方法；最后計(jì)算了各分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站的追尾沖突數(shù)量和變道沖突數(shù)量。 在分析交通沖突不同影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上，確定了分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站追尾沖突和變道沖突預(yù)測模型的自變量，建立了追尾沖突與變道沖突的預(yù)測模型；為更合理地評價(jià)各分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站的安全水平，以沖突率（百車沖突數(shù)）為安全評價(jià)指標(biāo)，提出了分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站安全水平的模糊綜合評價(jià)方法。 最后，以沈山高速的前衛(wèi)立交分流區(qū)、興城立交合流區(qū)以及沈大高速的蘇家屯收費(fèi)站為例，對在調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的交通沖突進(jìn)行預(yù)測，進(jìn)而分別給出了各立交分合流區(qū)及收費(fèi)站不同調(diào)查時(shí)段的安全水平等級。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway, the problem of road traffic safety is becoming more and more prominent. As an important part of freeway, the safety problem of freeway divided and converged area and toll station needs further study. In view of the fact that the traditional accident statistics method needs a lot of historical accident data, and there is a great similarity between the conflict and the accident, more and more scholars begin to use the traffic conflict technology to analyze and evaluate the traffic safety problems. In this paper, traffic conflict technology is applied to freeway safety evaluation, taking the intersection area and toll station of expressway interchange as the research object. Firstly, by analyzing the traffic conflict types of high speed confluence area and toll station, a data acquisition and extraction scheme is made, and the traffic flow characteristics such as traffic composition, running speed and headway distance of each sub-confluence area and toll station are analyzed. Secondly, starting with the common traffic conflict index model, which is measured by time and space, combined with the collected data of traffic flow parameters, such as vehicle type, speed, head-length and so on, In this paper, a collision time TTC-based rear-end collision calculation model is established, and a method for calculating the trailing collision based on post-encroachment time (PET) is presented. Finally, the number of rear-end conflicts and the number of cross-channel conflicts are calculated in each confluence area and toll station. Based on the analysis of different influencing factors of traffic conflict, the independent variables of the prediction model of rear-end conflict and cross-lane conflict in converging area and toll station are determined, and the prediction model of rear-end conflict and cross-lane conflict is established. In order to evaluate the safety level of each sub-confluence area and toll station more reasonably, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the safety level of the sub-confluence area and toll station is proposed, taking the conflict rate (the number of conflicts on 100 vehicles) as the safety evaluation index. Finally, taking Shenshan Expressway Vanguard Interchange diversion area, Xingcheng Interchange confluence Zone and Shen-Da Expressway Sujiatun Toll Station as examples, the traffic conflicts occurred in the time of investigation and statistics are forecasted. Furthermore, the safety levels of the converging areas and toll stations in different investigation periods are given respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491

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