本文選題：膨脹土 + 土壤學(xué)�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,廣西公路建設(shè)發(fā)展迅速,公路大量穿過膨脹土地區(qū)。同時(shí)隨著人們環(huán)境意識(shí)的提高,迫切要求膨脹土邊坡在穩(wěn)定的前提下加強(qiáng)邊坡植被恢復(fù)。本文的工作為“高性能植被保護(hù)墊治理膨脹巖邊坡的機(jī)理研究”項(xiàng)目的前期工作。主要研究膨脹土邊坡上高性能植被保護(hù)墊(High Performance Turf Reinforcement Mats, HPTRM)系統(tǒng)下植被的恢復(fù)。通過膨脹土的養(yǎng)分測(cè)試和膨脹土以及膨脹土覆土上的植被的研究,為膨脹土邊坡的植被種植做指導(dǎo)。 研究的主要結(jié)論如下： (1)從土壤學(xué)的角度看,膨脹土屬于粘質(zhì)土,有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮、速效氮含量低,極度缺乏速效磷,并且都低于廣西耕地的平均水平,但是不缺鉀；其pH值區(qū)別廣西大多數(shù)的酸性土壤,呈中性或者弱堿性；結(jié)構(gòu)性差,與一般的粘土相比,膨脹土的干容重大,孔隙率小且孔隙中非活性孔多,毛管孔少,透氣孔的差異性大,且不利于植被扎根也不能解決土壤的水氣矛盾；膨脹土不宜直接種植植被,種植之前應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)母牧?并且選擇抗逆性強(qiáng)的植被混播。 (2) HPTRM強(qiáng)度高,耐久性好,其中綠-HPTRM與三維土工網(wǎng)墊EM5相比同為三維結(jié)構(gòu)且單位面積質(zhì)量接近,但是其抗拉強(qiáng)度高是EM5抗拉強(qiáng)度10倍以上,抗輻照能力強(qiáng)可以使用超過50年。 (3)在水肥光熱等條件相同下得前提下,黑麥草的發(fā)芽率不受坡度的影響,但會(huì)受到埋藏深度會(huì)有影響。在相同的條件下,與EM5相比綠-HPTRM中種植黑麥草的生物量略低,但是基本接近。 (4)將初始含水量為30%四盆相同的膨脹土置于露天48日,盆中中心區(qū)域膨脹土的含水量變化：覆土5cm+HPTRM+黑麥草的增加量?jī)H為0.8%,其次是覆土10cm的為4.4%和5cm的為5%,不覆蓋土增加最大為6.3%,說明覆土種植能有效抑制膨脹土水分增加。 (5)HPTRM所受的徑流剪切力是可以計(jì)算,本文提出徑流剪切力的計(jì)算公式,為沖刷試驗(yàn)提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the highway construction in Guangxi has been developing rapidly, and the highway has passed through the expansion of the expansive area. At the same time, with the improvement of people's environmental awareness, the expansive soil slope is urgently required to strengthen the restoration of the slope vegetation under the premise of stability. The restoration of vegetation under the high performance vegetation protection pad (High Performance Turf Reinforcement Mats, HPTRM) on expansive soil slope is studied. The vegetation of expansive soil and expansive soil and the vegetation on expansive soil are studied to guide the vegetation planting of expansive soil slope.
The main conclusions of the study are as follows:
(1) from the point of view of soil science, expansive soil belongs to clay soil, organic matter, total nitrogen, low available nitrogen content, extreme lack of available phosphorus, and all lower than the average level of Guangxi arable land, but no potassium deficiency; its pH value is different from most of Guangxi's acid soil, which is neutral or weak alkaline; structural difference, compared with ordinary clay, expansive soil dry It has a large capacity, small porosity and many non active pores in the pores, little holes in the capillary tube and large difference in air permeable holes. It is not good for vegetation to take root and can not solve the contradiction of water and gas in the soil; the expansive soil should not be planted directly, and it should be properly improved before planting, and it should choose the mixed sowing of strong resistance.
(2) HPTRM has high strength and good durability, in which the green -HPTRM is three dimensional structure and the mass of the unit area is close compared with the three-dimensional geotextile EM5, but its tensile strength is more than 10 times more than the tensile strength of EM5, and the strong resistance to radiation can be used for more than 50 years.
(3) under the condition of the same conditions, the germination rate of ryegrass is not affected by the slope, but it will be affected by the depth of the burial. Under the same condition, the biomass of ryegrass growing in green -HPTRM is slightly lower than that of EM5, but it is basically close.
(4) the expansive soil with the same initial water content of 30% four basins was placed in the open air for 48 days, and the water content of the expansive soil in the central region of the basin was changed: the increase of 5cm+HPTRM+ ryegrass was only 0.8%, followed by soil 10cm and 5cm was 5%, and the maximum of no cover soil was 6.3%, indicating that soil planting could effectively inhibit the water increase of expansive soil.
(5) the runoff shear force of HPTRM can be calculated. In this paper, the formula of runoff shear force is put forward to provide basis for scouring test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U416.14;U417.1

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