本文選題：脆弱性 + 隨機(jī)路網(wǎng)�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：路網(wǎng)脆弱性是對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組成單元遭受破壞而導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能降低甚至完全無(wú)法運(yùn)行的潛在可能性的一種描述,研究道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)脆弱性對(duì)于更深刻地認(rèn)識(shí)路網(wǎng)在面臨各種破壞性事件時(shí)的應(yīng)對(duì)能力和運(yùn)行性能非常重要。目前脆弱性在道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用還未受到足夠的重視。在道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃和設(shè)計(jì)中考慮脆弱性有助于道路管理部門(mén)更加科學(xué)合理地分配可用的資源并采取更有針對(duì)性的措施來(lái)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),從而降低路網(wǎng)所面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),構(gòu)建更加穩(wěn)定、可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 本文將道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)脆弱性作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)的重要考慮因素,構(gòu)建了基于脆弱性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)模型。首先對(duì)路網(wǎng)脆弱性與傳統(tǒng)的可靠性以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的概念進(jìn)行了比較,分析了道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)脆弱性的影響因素,并分別基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)備用能力和網(wǎng)絡(luò)效率構(gòu)建了路網(wǎng)脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。其次,將所構(gòu)建的兩種指標(biāo)應(yīng)用于路網(wǎng)中關(guān)鍵路段的識(shí)別,并與傳統(tǒng)的基于飽和度的識(shí)別方法所得出的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。同時(shí),考慮了道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的隨機(jī)因素并從網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)鍵路段識(shí)別的角度對(duì)隨機(jī)交通需求以及路段隨機(jī)退化情景下路網(wǎng)的脆弱性進(jìn)行了分析。算例結(jié)果表明忽視隨機(jī)因素將無(wú)法對(duì)路網(wǎng)脆弱性做出準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)價(jià)。最后,將脆弱性引入道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題當(dāng)中,建立了具有脆弱性約束的道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題模型,基于遺傳算法和仿真方法設(shè)計(jì)了模型的求解方法,并對(duì)基于關(guān)鍵路段和基于非關(guān)鍵路段兩種網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)策略的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較分析。 算例分析結(jié)果表明通過(guò)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中路段通行能力的改進(jìn)可以起到改善道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)脆弱性的效果,當(dāng)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)中具有較低和中等脆弱性規(guī)避傾向時(shí),基于所建立的模型,兩種網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)策略均能一定程度地改善路網(wǎng)的脆弱性,而在較高的脆弱性規(guī)避傾向下,采用這兩種策略均無(wú)法得到符合要求的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Network vulnerability is a description of the potential for network components to be damaged, resulting in network performance degradation or even total failure to function. It is very important to study the vulnerability of road traffic network in order to better understand the coping ability and operation performance of road network in the face of various destructive events. At present, the application of vulnerability in the planning and design of road network has not been paid enough attention. Consideration of vulnerability in the planning and design of road networks helps road management to allocate available resources more scientifically and rationally and to take more targeted measures to improve the network, thereby reducing the risks faced by road networks, Build a more stable and reliable network. In this paper, the vulnerability of road network is considered as an important factor in network design, and a network design model based on vulnerability is constructed. Firstly, the paper compares road network vulnerability with traditional concepts of reliability and risk, analyzes the influencing factors of road network vulnerability, and constructs the evaluation index of road network vulnerability based on network standby capacity and network efficiency respectively. Secondly, the two indexes are applied to the identification of the key sections in the road network, and the results are compared with the traditional methods based on saturation. At the same time, considering the random factors in the road network and analyzing the stochastic traffic demand and the vulnerability of the road network under the random degradation scenario from the point of view of the identification of the key sections of the network. The results show that ignoring random factors can not make an accurate evaluation of road network vulnerability. Finally, the vulnerability is introduced into the road network design problem, and the model of road network design problem with vulnerability constraints is established, and the solution method based on genetic algorithm and simulation method is designed. The results of two network design strategies based on critical and non-critical sections are compared and analyzed. The result of the example analysis shows that the improvement of the traffic capacity in the network can improve the vulnerability of the road network. When the network design has the tendency of low and medium vulnerability avoidance, the proposed model is based on the proposed model. The two network design strategies can improve the vulnerability of road network to a certain extent, but under the higher tendency of vulnerability avoidance, the two strategies can not get the required results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U412.1

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