本文選題：軌道交通 + 接運公交��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展以及城市化進程的逐年加快，居民小汽車擁有量呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢，由城市內(nèi)部交通堵塞導(dǎo)致的出行難問題日益突出。城市公交的發(fā)展是城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展的前提要求，也是構(gòu)建環(huán)境友好型和資源節(jié)約型社會的必然條件，同時也是建設(shè)和諧社會的重大舉措。 由于軌道交通建設(shè)的投資和規(guī)模的巨大，，軌道交通的線路呈現(xiàn)固定性的布局結(jié)構(gòu)，具有剛性布局特征；地面的公交線網(wǎng)呈現(xiàn)彈性布局特點，所以其可調(diào)性相對較大。因而，軌道交通與接運公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一體化銜接要以軌道交通線路為基本骨架，并基于軌道交通來對常規(guī)公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的銜接進行優(yōu)化。整體的公交系統(tǒng)的銜接組織要強調(diào)自上而下的疏散以及自下而上的匯集。伴隨著軌道交通的骨干功能地位的確立，常規(guī)地面的公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)要以服務(wù)范圍的擴大、走廊客運能力的完善和向軌道線路客流的有效集散等方面轉(zhuǎn)化。 因而，軌道交通必須配備良好的換乘體系，建成軌道交通與其它交通方式特別是常規(guī)公交的一體化交通系統(tǒng)，才能有效擴大其服務(wù)范圍，充分發(fā)揮其最佳運輸效能，提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)整體效益。 本文基于上述認識，遵循科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，突出“以人為本”的交通發(fā)展理念，對接運需求下的接運公交線網(wǎng)進行優(yōu)化和合理調(diào)度，充分保證接運公交運行效率最大化和成本最小化。以實現(xiàn)人的高效通行、軌道與地面公交一體化的無縫換乘進而提高交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的整體效率，以打造以公交為導(dǎo)向的城市發(fā)展模式。 本文首先對接運公交的含義以及它在公交體系中的定位進行了說明，并對軌道交通與接運公交的銜接模式進行綜述。進而對軌道交通與接運線網(wǎng)協(xié)調(diào)方法進行了說明。 然后，通過比較分析軌道交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)和常規(guī)公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的相互關(guān)系，對接運公交的形成及作用進行了具體分析。并對接運公交的布設(shè)范圍和接運公交的候選線路集合進行分析，從而建立了相應(yīng)的求解算法，為之后的模型建立及求解做鋪墊。 隨之，在以上分析的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了軌道-公交接運公交線網(wǎng)優(yōu)化模型。模型主要在考慮不同接運站點在不同時間接運需求的基礎(chǔ)上，以最大化接運公交有效服務(wù)乘客量、最小化乘客時間成本以及最小化接運網(wǎng)絡(luò)運營成本為目標，建立多目標規(guī)劃模型。隨后，比較分析現(xiàn)有的優(yōu)化算法并選擇遺傳算法對所建立的多目標優(yōu)化模型進行分析求解。 最后，通過實例對模型和算法進行了驗證。結(jié)果表明本文提出的接運公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化模型具備良好的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the ownership of cars is increasing, and the problem of travel difficulty caused by the traffic jam in the city is becoming more and more serious. The development of urban public transport is not only the prerequisite for sustainable urban development, but also an inevitable condition for the construction of environment-friendly and resource-saving society, as well as an important measure to build a harmonious society. Because of the huge investment and scale of the construction of rail transit, the track of rail transit presents a fixed layout structure with rigid layout characteristics, and the public transport network on the ground has the characteristics of flexible layout, so it is relatively adjustable. Therefore, the integration of rail transit and transit network should be based on the rail transit line as the basic skeleton, and based on the rail transit to optimize the conventional bus network. The overall transit system should be organized in a top-down evacuation and bottom-up aggregation. With the establishment of the backbone function of rail transit, the conventional ground transit network should be transformed from the expansion of service scope, the improvement of corridor passenger transport capacity and the effective distribution of passenger flow to rail lines. Therefore, rail transit must be equipped with a good transfer system and build an integrated transport system between rail transit and other modes of transportation, especially conventional public transport, in order to effectively expand its service range and give full play to its best transport efficiency. Improve the overall efficiency of the network. Based on the above understanding, following the scientific concept of development, highlighting the "people-oriented" concept of traffic development, connecting the transport network under the demand for transportation to optimize and reasonable scheduling, Ensure the maximum efficiency and minimum cost of bus transportation. In order to achieve the efficient passage of people, the integration of track and ground public transport seamless transfer, and then improve the overall efficiency of the transportation network, to create a transit oriented urban development model. In this paper, the meaning of bus transportation and its position in public transport system are explained, and the connection mode between rail transit and transit is summarized. Furthermore, the coordination method between rail transit and transportation network is explained. Then, through the comparative analysis of the relationship between the rail transit network and the conventional public transport network, the formation and function of the docking transit are analyzed in detail. By analyzing the layout range of public transportation and the set of candidate routes, the corresponding algorithm is established, which lays the groundwork for the later model establishment and solution. Then, on the basis of above analysis, the optimization model of rail-bus transit network is constructed. On the basis of considering the demand of different transportation stations at different time, the model aims at maximizing the number of passengers serving public transport effectively, minimizing the cost of passenger time and minimizing the operation cost of the network. A multi-objective programming model is established. Then, the existing optimization algorithms are compared and the genetic algorithm is selected to analyze and solve the multi-objective optimization model. Finally, the model and algorithm are verified by an example. The results show that the proposed bus network optimization model is feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U12

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