發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-04 18:37

  本文選題：組合出行 + 交通流分配��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市化進(jìn)程的迅猛發(fā)展，對(duì)城市交通提出了新的要求，各種環(huán)保、節(jié)能、高效的交通方式被應(yīng)用，我們的生活已經(jīng)離不開BRT、地鐵等交通方式。在城市規(guī)模越來越大的同時(shí)，出行者的出行模式將從單一的交通方式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎喾N交通方式聯(lián)運(yùn)，這種單一方式和換乘方式并用的出行方式成為組合出行。參閱大量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)可知，組合出行下的交通流分配將成為交通運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃與管理的核心。靜態(tài)交通流分配和動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配是兩個(gè)主要研究方向，二者最根本區(qū)別是路段的阻抗是否為一個(gè)時(shí)間函數(shù)。前者的路阻不變，在實(shí)際情況中不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，因此動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配是研究的重點(diǎn)。但對(duì)靜態(tài)交通流分配的研究也不容忽視，靜態(tài)研究重點(diǎn)是宏觀的交通現(xiàn)象，對(duì)分析未來交通的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)有重要作用。本文從以下方面對(duì)組合出行模式下的交通流分配展開研究： 首先，對(duì)超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要介紹，建立以蘭州市安寧區(qū)蘭州交通大學(xué)附近實(shí)際路網(wǎng)為例的超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以此作為本文研究的基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定義、構(gòu)成和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)分析，使用圖的遍歷法找出所有路徑，然后根據(jù)有效超路徑的定義，在所有路徑中選擇換乘次數(shù)最多兩次的路徑，并對(duì)這個(gè)過程進(jìn)行算法研究。 其次，分別從靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)的角度對(duì)交通流分配進(jìn)行研究。假設(shè)出行者的出行模式和路徑都是隨機(jī)的，，提出模型約束條件，使用logit模型表達(dá)均衡條件，建立基于彈性需求滿足隨機(jī)用戶均衡條件的logit模型，因?yàn)閷?duì)logit模型直接求解較為復(fù)雜，所以本文構(gòu)造了與logit模型等價(jià)的變分不等式模型，證明其等價(jià)性和最優(yōu)解的存在性；采用基于權(quán)重平均法設(shè)計(jì)的連續(xù)權(quán)重平均法，對(duì)等價(jià)變分不等式模型進(jìn)行求解，從而獲得基于彈性需求滿足隨機(jī)均衡條件的logit模型的解。根據(jù)對(duì)組合出行模式下靜態(tài)交通流分配模型的研究，分析約束條件，構(gòu)建動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型。此模型也需滿足隨機(jī)用戶均衡，同時(shí)考慮出行路徑和出行時(shí)間的選擇。用logit模型對(duì)出行行為進(jìn)行描述，并用等價(jià)的變分不等式模型求解，求解的算法使用啟發(fā)式迭代算法。 然后，列舉出一個(gè)小型路網(wǎng)，用靜態(tài)交通流分配模型和動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型對(duì)該路網(wǎng)分別進(jìn)行分析，研究模型和算法的可靠性和高效性，并對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型的一些參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析并進(jìn)行說明，闡述交通流的OD量和費(fèi)用等發(fā)生的變化。以蘭州市安寧區(qū)蘭州交通大學(xué)附近實(shí)際路網(wǎng)為例，作為中型路網(wǎng)案例，構(gòu)建較為復(fù)雜的超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路徑、節(jié)點(diǎn)等組成部分進(jìn)行賦值，使用動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型對(duì)該中型路網(wǎng)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。 最后，采用靜態(tài)交通流分配模型對(duì)小型路網(wǎng)分析，得出結(jié)論，出行者對(duì)路網(wǎng)信息了解的越多，路網(wǎng)的不確定性減小，出行者更容易做出更加明確和明智的選擇。采用動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型應(yīng)用于兩個(gè)算例分析得出，動(dòng)態(tài)交通流分配模型能夠較為真實(shí)的反映出行者的偏好對(duì)出行行為的影響，分析了參數(shù)之間變化情況對(duì)交通需求和費(fèi)用的影響，能夠同時(shí)滿足對(duì)選擇出行路徑和出行時(shí)間的要求，求解算法可靠且高效，可以應(yīng)用于中小型路網(wǎng)的研究，具有一定的實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization process, new requirements are put forward for urban traffic. All kinds of environmental protection, energy saving and efficient transportation are applied. Our lives can not be separated from BRT, subway and other modes of transportation. As the city is growing larger, the traveler's travel mode will be transformed from a single traffic mode to a variety of transportation mode. This single mode and the way of transfer are combined trips. In a large number of related literature, the traffic flow allocation under combined travel will be the core of transportation planning and management. Static traffic flow distribution and dynamic traffic flow allocation are two main research directions, and the most fundamental difference between the two is the impedance of the section. It is not a time function. The road resistance of the former can not be realized in the actual situation, so the dynamic traffic flow distribution is the focus of the study. But the research on the static traffic flow assignment can not be ignored. The static research focuses on the macroscopic traffic phenomenon and plays an important role in the analysis of the trend of the future traffic development. Research on traffic assignment under combined travel mode:
Firstly, the super network is briefly introduced, and a super network is set up with the actual road network near LanZhou JiaoTong University in Lanzhou Anning District, which is the basis of this study. The definition, composition and topology analysis of super network are used to find the path by the traversal method of the graph, and then, according to the definition of the effective superpath, all of them are defined. In the path, select the maximum number of transfers two times, and study the algorithm.
Secondly, we study the traffic flow distribution from the static and dynamic perspectives, assuming that the traveler's travel mode and path are random, and the model constraints are proposed, the logit model is used to express the equilibrium conditions, and the logit model based on the elastic demand satisfies the stochastic user equilibrium condition is established, because the logit model is solved directly. Therefore, this paper constructs a variational inequality model equivalent to the logit model, proves its equivalence and the existence of the optimal solution, and uses the weight averaging method to solve the equivalent variational inequality model by means of the weight averaging method, thus obtaining the solution of the logit model based on the elastic demand satisfying the stochastic equilibrium condition. The static traffic flow allocation model under the combined travel mode is studied and the constraints are analyzed and the dynamic traffic flow distribution model is constructed. This model also needs to satisfy the random user equilibrium, while considering the choice of travel path and travel time. The logit model is used to describe the travel behavior, and the solution is solved with the equivalent variational inequality model. The algorithm uses a heuristic iterative algorithm.
Then, a small road network is enumerated, the static traffic flow distribution model and dynamic traffic flow distribution model are used to analyze the road network respectively. The reliability and efficiency of the model and algorithm are studied, and some parameters of the dynamic traffic flow distribution model are analyzed and explained, and the changes of the traffic flow OD and cost are explained. Taking the actual road network near LanZhou JiaoTong University in Lanzhou Anning District as an example, as a medium-sized network case, a more complex super network is constructed, the path of the network, nodes and other components are assigned, and the dynamic traffic flow distribution model is used to calculate the medium network.
Finally, the static traffic flow distribution model is used to analyze the small road network. The conclusion is that the more information of the road network information, the less uncertainty of the road network, the more clear and wise choice of the traveler. The dynamic traffic flow allocation model is applied to two examples, and the dynamic traffic flow distribution model can be obtained. It is more realistic to reflect the influence of traveler's preference on travel behavior, analyze the influence of change between parameters on traffic demand and cost, and meet the requirement of travel route and time. The algorithm is reliable and efficient. It can be applied to the research of medium and small road network, and it has certain practicability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.12

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