本文選題：施工控制 + 灰色理論��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：跨越大江大河的橋梁結構逐步傾向于采用大跨度新型式，同時橋梁的施工方法也趨于多樣化，這就導致已有的施工控制理論并不能完全適用于各種新情況下的橋梁施工。因此，尋求真正適用于新型大跨橋梁的施工控制理論和方法就顯得尤為重要。本文以在建多跨連續(xù)梁拱組合橋梁為背景，在深入研究了已有施工控制理論和方法的基礎之上，對已有的一些方法和理論做了改進和完善，使其更加符合現(xiàn)代橋梁的施工技術和方法。 （1）建立全橋有限元模型，分別采用正裝計算法和倒裝計算法確定施工每個階段的撓度和應力狀態(tài)。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)對模型參數(shù)適時更新，實現(xiàn)控制過程的動態(tài)化和自主性。同時針對四線鐵路橋梁寬跨比較大的特點，在控制計算中考慮了扭轉效應及拱腳局部應力和變形復雜性。分別建立了主梁和拱腳局部空間實體有限元模型進行詳細分析，以期提高控制精度。 （2）考慮到懸臂施工中多個工況之間誤差影響具有耦合性的特點，采用灰色理論進行預測。在傳統(tǒng)單變量GM(1,1)模型的基礎上經(jīng)過理論推導建立了多變量GM(1,)模型，，并將其應用到懸臂施工撓度控制中。該方法彌補了單變量模型的不足，實現(xiàn)了一個施工階段多工序關聯(lián)預測。編制了MATLAB程序以提高單變量和多變量模型的預測效率。 （3）提出了用最小二乘法曲線擬合進行橋梁施工中的應力控制，摒棄了傳統(tǒng)的直接通過離散數(shù)值進行誤差分析的方法，通過擬合曲線的變化規(guī)律（增長或降低趨勢）來進行數(shù)據(jù)的誤差分析，克服了由于各種影響因素導致的離散實測值與理論值偏差較大而無法比較分析的弊端。利用MATLAB程序語言設計提高了大數(shù)據(jù)量處理的工作效率，同時也讓橋梁施工中應力控制更具可操作性。 （4）研究了無應力狀態(tài)法在梁拱組合橋梁拱部結構施工控制中的應用，計算了拱肋無應力曲率和吊桿無應力長度。將無應力狀態(tài)法從斜拉橋和鋼桁梁橋的應用推廣到了梁拱組合橋梁中，進一步拓寬了無應力狀態(tài)法的應用領域。 （5）對梁拱組合橋梁吊桿力優(yōu)化的現(xiàn)有方法進行了歸納總結，并基于影響矩陣法原理對背景橋梁成橋吊桿力和施工階段吊桿力進行了優(yōu)化調整，使整個橋梁結構在施工階段和成橋后應力和線形最大程度上實現(xiàn)目標狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The bridge structure across the big river tends to adopt the new type of long span, and the construction method of the bridge tends to be diversified, which leads to the existing construction control theory can not be fully applied to the bridge construction under various new conditions. Therefore, it is very important to seek the theory and method of construction control for new type long span bridges. Based on the research of the existing construction control theory and method, this paper improves and perfects some existing methods and theories based on the multi-span continuous beam-arch composite bridge under construction. Make it more in line with modern bridge construction technology and method. 1) the finite element model of the whole bridge is established, and the deflection and stress state of each stage of construction are determined by the method of normal load calculation and the method of inversion calculation respectively. According to the field measured data, the model parameters are updated in time to realize the dynamic and autonomy of the control process. At the same time, the torsional effect and the complexity of local stress and deformation of arch foot are considered in the control calculation in view of the large width span of the four-track railway bridge. The local spatial finite element models of the main beam and arch foot are analyzed in detail in order to improve the control accuracy. 2) considering the coupling characteristic of error between several working conditions in cantilever construction, grey theory is used to predict. On the basis of the traditional single variable GM1) model, the multivariable GM1) model is established by theoretical derivation, and applied to the cantilever construction deflection control. This method makes up for the deficiency of single variable model and realizes a multi-process correlation prediction in construction stage. A MATLAB program is developed to improve the prediction efficiency of univariate and multivariate models. In this paper, the stress control in bridge construction by least square curve fitting is put forward, and the traditional method of error analysis by discrete value is abandoned. The error analysis of the data is carried out by fitting the changing law of the curve (increasing or decreasing trend), which overcomes the shortcoming that the discrete measured value can not be compared and analyzed because of the deviation between the discrete measured value and the theoretical value caused by various influence factors. The use of MATLAB programming language to improve the efficiency of large data processing, but also to make the bridge construction stress control more operable. 4) the application of non-stress state method in the construction control of arch structure of beam-arch composite bridge is studied. The non-stress curvature of arch rib and the length of suspender without stress are calculated. The application of stress-free state method from cable-stayed bridge and steel truss girder bridge to beam-arch composite bridge is extended, and the application field of stress-free state method is further expanded. In this paper, the existing methods for optimization of suspender force of beam-arch composite bridge are summarized, and based on the principle of influence matrix, the suspender force of the background bridge and the suspender force in construction stage are optimized and adjusted. The objective state of the whole bridge structure is realized to the maximum extent in the construction stage and after the completion of the bridge.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U445.4

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